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cases made of reed or straw, and among the Doric-speakers of south Italy called tityrinos.59 In Theocritus we hear of the 'straw pipe' as a rustic instrument inferior to the panpipe.60 |
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From the fourth century again there is evidence for a type of single pipe with its mouthpiece at the side instead of on the end. It may have been called a plagiaulos ('transverse pipe'), though this term seems usually to denote the flute (below, p. 113). The reed was fitted into a short tube that slanted into the main pipe, the upper end of which was closed. There are two surviving examples in the British Museum, and a few artistic representations.61 |
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Various further names of aulos types are recorded in later sources. Some of them may be equivalent to types already discussed. For example, auloi called 'medium-sized' (mesokopoi) presumably correspond to one of Aristoxenus' categories. There are Pythikoi which are identified as teleioi: this was the type used for elaborate instrumental solos at the Pythian Games and elsewhere.62 No doubt it was equipped with every available technical resourceside-holes, collars, and so forth. It is contrasted with the 'choral' aulos, which had a propensity for higher notes and was used for accompanying dithyrambic and other choral song.63 This was perhaps identical with |
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(Footnote continued from previous page) |
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Dawkins, The Sanctuary of Artemis Orthia, 262, 269, 273 fig. 126j, 276, pl. CLXXXIII, CLXXXIX 13, CXCVI 22 (7th c.; Aign, 245ff.); Soph. fr. 241, Anaxandrides frs. 19, 52, Araros fr. 13, Sopatros fr. 2 Kaib., Hedylus, HE 1877, Posidonius fr. 86 Th., Protagorides, FGrH 853 F 2 (all in Ath. 175e-176d); Poll. 4. 75, Pliny, HN 7. 204, Mart. 14. 63. |
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59 Anaxandrides fr. 52, Hedylus loc. cit.; Artemidorus ap. Ath. 182d, Amerias ibid. 176 c, Hsch. s.v. |
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60Id. 5. 7, cf. 6. 43, 20. 29, Verg. Ecl. 3. 27. See Welch, 272-89; Schlesinger, 45f. |
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61 Ps.-Arist. De audibilibus 801b32ff. (reed mouthpiece, softer tone than the ordinary aulos). The references to the plagiaulos are collected in notes 144-5 below. Surviving specimens and art: Howard 16f., 55-8; T. L. Southgate, JHS 35 (1915), 16; Schlesinger, 78f.; Wegner, Bilder, 57; Paquette, 26. |
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62 Compare the application of the same designation to a type of lyre, pp. 59f. |
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63 Poll. 4. 81, Aristid. Quint. p. 85. 6-8. In Roman comedy, according to Suet. fr. 12 Reiff., the choral pipes accompanied a chorus, the pythaulicae a solo song. Pythaules and choraules are the two principal kinds of aulete who perform at public games in the imperial period: Varro, Sat. Men. 561, Strab. 17. 1. 11 p. 796, SIG 795A. 3 (c. AD 29), Sen. Ep. 76. 4, Petron. Sat. 53, 69, Pliny, HN 37.6, Juv. 6. 77, Mart. 5. 56. 9, 6. 39. 19, 11. 75. 3, Suet. Ner. 54, Galba 12. 3, Apul. Met. 8. 26, Plut. Ant. 24. 2, Lucillius, Anth. Pal. 11. 11. 1, schol. Ar. Av. 858, Hyg. Fab. 273. 7, etc.; IG 5. 1. 758, 7. 1773. 18, 27, 1776. 17, 21 (the choral aulete is here called kyklios, i.e. dithyrambic, cf. PMichigan 4682 published by O. Pearl, Illinois Classical Studies 3 (1978), 132-9, and Hsch. s.v. kyklioi auloi); 14. 737, 2499, CIG 1720, 2758, BCH 18 (1894) 98 no. 15; Latin inscriptions in Wille 321 f. |
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