< previous page | page_343 | next page >
Page 343
| high score indicate that the cancer is aggressive and is likely to metastasize without treatment. |
| Staging |
| One of the most important factors to consider in the management of prostate cancer is the stage. The most commonly used staging system is the Whitmore-Jewett system, which defines four stages with accompanying substages: |
| Stage A |
| Undetectable tumor confined to the prostate gland; usually an incidental finding during prostate gland biopsy. |
| A1. Tumor presents a low Gleason score and is well differentiated. |
| A2. Tumor presents a higher Gleason score, is moderately or poorly differentiated, and possesses a capacity for metastatic activity. |
| Stage B |
| Palpable tumor (or nonpalpable but indicated by high PSA count) confined to the prostate gland. |
| B1. Focalized palpable tumor confined to one lobe of the prostate gland. |
| B2. Palpable tumor involving both lobes of the prostate gland. |
| Stage C |
| A tumor localized to the periprostatic area but extending through the prostatic capsule; seminal vesicles may be involved. |
| C1. Clinical evidence of extracapsular extension. |
| C2. Extracapsular tumor producing bladder or urethral obstruction. |
| Stage D |
| Metastatic prostate cancer. |
< previous page | page_343 | next page >

If you like this book, buy it!