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| duce observable sweat, while others aid normal background perspiration. They often promote dilation of surface capillaries, so helping improve poor circulation. They support the work of the kidneys by increasing cleansing through the skin. |
| Diuretics increase the production and elimination of urine. In herbal medicine, with its ancient traditions, the term is often applied to herbs that have a beneficial action on the urinary system. They help the body eliminate waste and support the whole process of inner cleansing. |
| Emmenagogues stimulate menstrual flow and activity. In most herbals, however, the term is used in the wider sense of a remedy that normalizes and tones the female reproductive system. |
| Expectorants are herbs that stimulate removal of mucous from the lungs, and they are a tonic for the entire respiratory system. Stimulating expectorants irritate the bronchioles causing expulsion of material. Relaxing expectorants soothe bronchial spasm and loosen mucous secretions, helping in dry, irritating coughs. |
| Hepatics aid the liver. They tone, strengthen and in some cases increase the flow of bile. In a broad holistic approach to health they are of great importance because of the fundamental role of the liver in the working of the body. |
| Hypotensives are remedies that lower abnormally elevated blood pressure. |
| Laxatives stimulate bowel movements. Stimulating laxatives should not be used longterm. If this appears to be necessary then diet, general health and stress should all be closely considered. |
| Nervines help relieve the nervous system and can be meaningfully subdivided into three groups: Nervine tonics strengthen and restore the nervous system. Nervine relaxants ease anxiety and tension by soothing both body and mind. Nervine stimulants directly stimulate nerve activity. |
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