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### Viewing cable 03HARARE470, LAND AUDIT: DISAVOWED DOCUMENT ACKNOWLEDGES

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
03HARARE470 | 2003-03-05 13:57 | 2011-08-24 16:30 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Harare

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 HARARE 000470

    SIPDIS

    SENSITIVE

    NSC FOR SENIOR AFRICA DIRECTOR J. FRAZER
    LONDON FOR C. GURNEY
    PARIS FOR C. NEARY
    NAIROBI FOR T. PFLAUMER

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: ECON EAGR PGOV ZI
    SUBJECT: LAND AUDIT:  DISAVOWED DOCUMENT ACKNOWLEDGES
    CORRUPTION

    REF: LAND AUDIT REPORT FAXED TO AF/S

    ¶1. (SBU)  Summary.  Long plagued by accusations of chaos and
    official corruption in its Land Reform and Resettlement
    Program (LRRP), the GOZ has promised since last September a
    land audit to investigate program implementation.  Various
    other unofficial lists purporting to document this official
    corruption have been circulated by interested parties,
    including the Commercial Farmers Union (CFU) and Justice for
    Agriculture (JAG).  Despite GOZ assurances that it was
    looking into such accusations, no official report has ever
    been released.  However, three documents distributed as
    "leaked" copies of the official interim report on the land
    audit (ref) have been making the rounds of the diplomatic
    community and the international press.  Now that newspapers
    have published excerpts from the "leaked" report, one
    GOZ-linked newspaper has claimed that an official report does
    not exist.  In our view, the report is likely genuine,
    although unlikely to be officially acknowledged.  Leaking of
    the document, however, has had the useful effect of exposing
    at least some of the shenanigans and putting more pressure on
    Zanu-PF to correct the abuses.  End summary.

    ---------------------
    Report?  What Report?
    ---------------------
    ¶2. (SBU)  In addition to recent summaries appearing in the
    newsletter "Africa Confidential" and the Financial Times, a
    report on the official LRRP land audit appeared in the
    pro-Zanu-PF weekly the Sunday Mirror.  However, the following
    week (March 2, 2003), the Sunday Mirror headlined, "Govt
    Denies Existence of Land Audit Report."  In the text of the
    article, the denial continues (begin text):  "There is no
    such report, and whatever report there is, is merely an
    invention of the enemies of the State," a senior government
    official said... He strongly castigated the Sunday Mirror for
    having reproduced the "Africa Confidential" report, which
    broke the story in its February 21 issue.  "It was an act of
    mischief on your (the Sunday Mirror's) part to have
    reproduced that story, for there was definitely no report to
    leak since it does not exist," the official reprimanded. (End
    text.)

    --------------------
    Detailing the Abuses
    --------------------
    ¶3. (SBU)  The first of the three documents details abuses
    within both the Ministry of Lands and local government bodies
    in implementing LRRP, among them:
    -- failure of the Ministry to release state land for
    resettlement
    -- failure of the Ministry of Lands to delist some wrongfully
    acquired farms despite clear administrative guidelines,
    including agro-industrial farms, plantations, export
    production zones, and properties protected by Bilateral
    Investment Treaties (BITs)
    -- failure of the Ministry to implement the "one man one
    farm" policy, both for white and indigenous farmers
    -- failure of the Ministry  to implement maximum farm sizes
    for allocations of A2 plots, as delineated within each
    agro-ecological region
    -- failure of the Ministry to act on LA3 Forms (forms by
    which a property owner subdivides his own land and offers
    land in excess of the maximum farm size to the GOZ for
    resettlement)
    -- allocation of separate A2 plots to both spouses of a
    married couple "contrary to policy"
    -- allocation of multiple A2 plots to some
    politically-connected beneficiaries
    -- re-designation of A1, or small-scale de-congestion plots,
    to A2, or large-scale commercial plots
    -- issuance of "Certificates of No Present Interest" to
    indigenous buyers (and thus permission to purchase) for farms
    which have already been formally resettled
    -- failure of the Ministry to promptly assess amount of
    compensation payable for improvements on acquired farms
    -- bad-faith actions of local District Land Committees in
    targeting specific inappropriate properties (including hotels
    and guest houses) for the benefit of "local political
    heavyweights"
    -- actions of some local politicians in interfering with
    District Land Committees and allocating land based on their
    own preferences

    ¶4. (SBU)  The first document also details inadequacies in the
    GOZ's implementation of support for the LRRP, including:
    -- crop and seed input schemes
    -- fertilizer supply schemes
    -- transport for crop inputs
    -- tillage services
    -- livestock development schemes ("heifer loan scheme")
    -- irrigation equipment rehabilitation
    -- and borehole (well) drilling for both potable water and
    irrigation purposes

    The lack of coherent policy regarding conservancies is
    briefly highlighted, and one paragraph addresses the "Farm
    Workers Plight," noting that many districts do not have
    statistics on the number of farm workers and their current
    activities or whereabouts.  The impetus behind this concern
    is revealed, however, in the final sentence:  "...these farm
    workers were not only disrupting the operations of A2 farmers
    but have also been reported to be poaching and cutting down
    trees in certain areas."

    ¶5. (SBU)  The Interim Report closes with a list of
    recommendations and advice for getting the LRRP back on
    track.  The recommendations include,

    -- "Seed houses should be encouraged to produce adequate seed
    through the regular and timeous review of seed prices."
    -- "Fertiliser producers should be encouraged to produce
    adequate quantities through the regular and timeous review of
    fertiliser prices."

    In conclusion, the report cites "the successful A1 Model of
    resettlement," while criticizing the  shortcomings in the A2
    model such as "multiple allocation of plots to certain
    individuals and slow uptake."  The conclusion acknowledges
    "the current disgruntled feeling among the masses who
    expressed their disappointment at the lack of transparency in
    the implementation of the (LRRP)," and exhorts the GOZ to
    "quickly re-align" the program to "equitably redistribute the
    land in Zimbabwe and empower the indigenous people through
    land ownership."

    ----------------------------
    Addendum -- or Hall of Shame
    ----------------------------
    ¶6. (SBU)  The second document, the Addendum, names names.
    Several Zanu-PF stalwarts are mentioned, including
    pro-Zanu-PF Mutumwa Mawere and Ibo Mandaza, both of whom have
    "purchased" several already resettled farms.  The Addendum
    states that Dr. Mandaza purchased five separate farms
    totaling over 7,500 hectares, and "has since taken the
    settled families to court in an attempt to evict them from
    the properties."  War veterans Chris Pasipamire (currently
    pursuing a PhD in England) and Mike Moyo are "violently
    evicting 36 settlers... some (of whom) have been
    assaulted..."  The Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs
    Abednico Ncube is reportedly behind the attempt to "acquire"
    two established hotels.  Mashonaland Central Governor E.
    Manyika (sic) is identified for allocating A2 farms above 350
    hectares -- some, such as the 1500 hectare farm allocated to
    Minister of Mines and Mining Chindori-Chininga, well above
    the 200 hectare maximum farm size -- thus preventing greater
    numbers of indigenous people from benefiting.  Minister for
    Small and Medium Enterprises Development Sithembisu Nyoni
    reportedly claimed a highly-developed citrus, poultry and
    livestock farm as an A2 allocation directly from Harare --
    despite the fact that the farm was earmarked at the local
    level for youths from the National Service training program
    as an "agricultural skills training center."

    ¶7. (SBU)  The most interesting part of the addendum lists
    those who have taken multiple farms.  A Zanu-PF Who's Who
    list, some of the beneficiaries of multiple farms include:
    -- Minister Ignatius Chombo, MP J. Gumbo, Governor Josiah
    Hungwe, Brig. Kanhanga, Minister Elliot Manyika, Mutumwa
    Mawere, Minister and Mrs. Kembo Mohadi, Sabina Mugabe,
    Boniface Shamu, ZRP Spokesman Wayne Bvudzijena (2 farms
    each);
    -- MP Kasukuwere, Minister Jonathan Moyo, Governor Obert
    Mpofu, Air Marshall Perence Shiri (3 farms each);
    -- MP S. Mahofa (four farms);
    -- Governor P. Chanetsa (four farms plus one allocated to his
    spouse); and
    -- C. Chingosho (seven farms).

    The addendum notes that "The list is not exhaustive as the
    people interviewed were scared to reveal any information
    least (sic) they might be victimised by the multiple farm
    owners who seem to have their loyalists within the various
    land committees."

    --------------------------------------------- -----------
    GOZ Expresses Shocked Surprise -- and Little Will to Act
    --------------------------------------------- -----------
    ¶8. (SBU)  The third document comprises minutes of a meeting
    dated Monday December 9. The Chairman of the meeting, Vice
    President Msika, states his intention to "reappraise
    everybody present on the developments taking place in the
    LRRP."  He immediately "expressed his utter dismay at the
    chaotic condition on the ground which contradicted His
    Excellency's pronouncements on the LRRP..."  After reviewing
    the Interim Report, the committee suggested action which
    paralleled the suggestions of the Report itself.

    ¶9. (SBU)  A fourth document detailing a second, follow-up
    meeting, produced the lone strong statement:  "While
    Government should continue to proffer assistance to the
    farmers care should be exercised to prevent the setting in of
    the dependency syndrome.  Already some of the farmers
    appeared to be entirely waiting on Government for support.
    The farmers should be disabused of this misconception.  After
    all, in their applications, A2 farmers had to prove that they
    had capacity to mobilise the necessary resources.
    Furthermore, many seemed to be under the illusion that the
    farms had been allocated gratis.  A lease document was to be
    formulated spelling out the terms of payment for the
    properties."

    -------
    Comment
    -------
    ¶10. (SBU)  At some level, the GOZ seems to be aware of its
    unsustainable position regarding the A2 aspect of its land
    reform program.  The report paints a picture of thousands of
    expectant "settlers," many of them not even farmers, placed
    on haphazardly allocated pieces of land and waiting for the
    impecunious government to till the land and source and
    deliver all necessary inputs.  Because agriculture is so
    central to the Zimbabwean economy, the GOZ now has little
    choice but to continue pouring money into this failed scheme
    in an effort to restart the economy.  The GOZ is responsible
    for a debacle wherein local strongmen have felt free to step
    in and manipulate the process to their advantage -- resulting
    in multiple allocations to key figures, re-allocation of
    previously settled land, and allocation of land to
    non-farmers unequipped to run a productive farm.

    ¶11. (SBU)  The public complaints of Zanu-PF activists over
    abuses in the land redistribution program at the December
    Zanu-PF conference in Chinoyi first prompted President Mugabe
    to promise a land audit.  For undertaking this initiative,
    Minister Flora Buka was reportedly sidelined and the report
    was pigeonholed until it surfaced outside Zimbabwe, leading
    to its unsourced disavowal in the GOZ press.  While it is
    impossible to state unequivocally that the leaked documents
    are genuine, much of the information contained therein is
    consistent with other publicly available information.  It is
    our view that the report is likely genuine, but that the GOZ
    will be reluctant to release it into the public domain.
    SULLIVAN

`