Currently released so far... 97115 / 251,287

### Articles

Brazil Sri Lanka United Kingdom Sweden 00. Editorial United States Latin America Egypt Jordan Yemen Thailand

### Browse latest releases

2010/11 2010/12 2011/01 2011/02 2011/03 2011/04 2011/05 2011/06 2011/07 2011/08
2010/11/28 2010/11/29 2010/11/30
2010/12/01 2010/12/02 2010/12/03 2010/12/04 2010/12/05 2010/12/06 2010/12/07 2010/12/08 2010/12/09 2010/12/10 2010/12/11 2010/12/12 2010/12/13 2010/12/14 2010/12/15 2010/12/16 2010/12/17 2010/12/18 2010/12/19 2010/12/20 2010/12/21 2010/12/22 2010/12/23 2010/12/25 2010/12/26 2010/12/27 2010/12/28 2010/12/29 2010/12/30
2011/01/01 2011/01/02 2011/01/04 2011/01/05 2011/01/07 2011/01/09 2011/01/11 2011/01/12 2011/01/13 2011/01/14 2011/01/15 2011/01/16 2011/01/17 2011/01/18 2011/01/19 2011/01/20 2011/01/21 2011/01/22 2011/01/23 2011/01/24 2011/01/25 2011/01/26 2011/01/27 2011/01/28 2011/01/29 2011/01/30 2011/01/31
2011/02/01 2011/02/02 2011/02/03 2011/02/04 2011/02/05 2011/02/06 2011/02/07 2011/02/08 2011/02/09 2011/02/10 2011/02/11 2011/02/12 2011/02/13 2011/02/14 2011/02/15 2011/02/16 2011/02/17 2011/02/18 2011/02/19 2011/02/20 2011/02/21 2011/02/22 2011/02/23 2011/02/24 2011/02/25 2011/02/26 2011/02/27 2011/02/28
2011/03/01 2011/03/02 2011/03/03 2011/03/04 2011/03/05 2011/03/06 2011/03/07 2011/03/08 2011/03/09 2011/03/10 2011/03/11 2011/03/13 2011/03/14 2011/03/15 2011/03/16 2011/03/17 2011/03/18 2011/03/19 2011/03/20 2011/03/21 2011/03/22 2011/03/23 2011/03/24 2011/03/25 2011/03/26 2011/03/27 2011/03/28 2011/03/29 2011/03/30 2011/03/31
2011/04/01 2011/04/02 2011/04/03 2011/04/04 2011/04/05 2011/04/06 2011/04/07 2011/04/08 2011/04/09 2011/04/10 2011/04/11 2011/04/12 2011/04/13 2011/04/14 2011/04/15 2011/04/16 2011/04/17 2011/04/18 2011/04/19 2011/04/20 2011/04/21 2011/04/22 2011/04/23 2011/04/24 2011/04/25 2011/04/26 2011/04/27 2011/04/28 2011/04/29 2011/04/30
2011/05/01 2011/05/02 2011/05/03 2011/05/04 2011/05/05 2011/05/06 2011/05/07 2011/05/09 2011/05/10 2011/05/11 2011/05/12 2011/05/13 2011/05/14 2011/05/15 2011/05/16 2011/05/17 2011/05/18 2011/05/19 2011/05/20 2011/05/21 2011/05/22 2011/05/23 2011/05/24 2011/05/25 2011/05/26 2011/05/27 2011/05/28 2011/05/29 2011/05/30 2011/05/31
2011/06/01 2011/06/02 2011/06/03 2011/06/04 2011/06/05 2011/06/06 2011/06/07 2011/06/08 2011/06/09 2011/06/10 2011/06/11 2011/06/12 2011/06/13 2011/06/14 2011/06/15 2011/06/16 2011/06/17 2011/06/18 2011/06/19 2011/06/20 2011/06/21 2011/06/22 2011/06/23 2011/06/24 2011/06/25 2011/06/26 2011/06/27 2011/06/28 2011/06/29 2011/06/30
2011/07/01 2011/07/02 2011/07/04 2011/07/05 2011/07/06 2011/07/07 2011/07/08 2011/07/10 2011/07/11 2011/07/12 2011/07/13 2011/07/14 2011/07/15 2011/07/16 2011/07/17 2011/07/18 2011/07/19 2011/07/20 2011/07/21 2011/07/22 2011/07/23 2011/07/25 2011/07/27 2011/07/28 2011/07/29 2011/07/31
2011/08/01 2011/08/02 2011/08/03 2011/08/05 2011/08/06 2011/08/07 2011/08/08 2011/08/10 2011/08/11 2011/08/12 2011/08/13 2011/08/15 2011/08/16 2011/08/17 2011/08/19 2011/08/21 2011/08/22 2011/08/23 2011/08/24 2011/08/25

### Browse by creation date

66 72 73 75 79 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
1966/12
1972/02 1972/03 1972/08
1973/04 1973/10
1975/03
1979/08
1985/01 1985/02 1985/03 1985/04 1985/05 1985/06 1985/10
1986/02 1986/05 1986/08 1986/09 1986/11 1986/12
1987/04 1987/06 1987/07 1987/09 1987/12
1988/01 1988/03 1988/04 1988/07 1988/08 1988/09 1988/10 1988/11 1988/12
1989/01 1989/03 1989/04 1989/06 1989/09 1989/11 1989/12
1990/01 1990/02 1990/03 1990/07 1990/08 1990/10 1990/11 1990/12
1991/01 1991/03 1991/05 1991/06 1991/07 1991/08 1991/09 1991/10 1991/11
1992/01 1992/03 1992/04 1992/05 1992/06 1992/07 1992/08 1992/09 1992/10 1992/11 1992/12
1993/01 1993/02 1993/04 1993/07 1993/10 1993/11 1993/12
1994/01 1994/02 1994/03 1994/04 1994/05 1994/06 1994/08 1994/11 1994/12
1995/01 1995/02 1995/03 1995/04 1995/05 1995/06 1995/07 1995/08 1995/09 1995/10 1995/11 1995/12
1996/06 1996/07 1996/08 1996/09 1996/11
1997/01 1997/02 1997/03 1997/04 1997/05 1997/06 1997/08 1997/09 1997/10 1997/11 1997/12
1998/02 1998/03 1998/05 1998/07 1998/08 1998/11 1998/12
1999/01 1999/09 1999/10 1999/11 1999/12
2000/04 2000/05 2000/06 2000/07 2000/08 2000/09 2000/10 2000/11 2000/12
2001/01 2001/02 2001/03 2001/04 2001/05 2001/06 2001/07 2001/08 2001/09 2001/10 2001/11 2001/12
2002/01 2002/02 2002/03 2002/04 2002/05 2002/06 2002/07 2002/08 2002/09 2002/10 2002/11 2002/12
2003/01 2003/02 2003/03 2003/04 2003/05 2003/06 2003/07 2003/08 2003/09 2003/10 2003/11 2003/12
2004/01 2004/02 2004/03 2004/04 2004/05 2004/06 2004/07 2004/08 2004/09 2004/10 2004/11 2004/12
2005/01 2005/02 2005/03 2005/04 2005/05 2005/06 2005/07 2005/08 2005/09 2005/10 2005/11 2005/12
2006/01 2006/02 2006/03 2006/04 2006/05 2006/06 2006/07 2006/08 2006/09 2006/10 2006/11 2006/12
2007/01 2007/02 2007/03 2007/04 2007/05 2007/06 2007/07 2007/08 2007/09 2007/10 2007/11 2007/12
2008/01 2008/02 2008/03 2008/04 2008/05 2008/06 2008/07 2008/08 2008/09 2008/10 2008/11 2008/12
2009/01 2009/02 2009/03 2009/04 2009/05 2009/06 2009/07 2009/08 2009/09 2009/10 2009/11 2009/12
2010/01 2010/02

### Browse by origin

A B C D F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
Embassy Athens Embassy Asuncion Embassy Astana Embassy Asmara Embassy Ashgabat Embassy Apia Embassy Antananarivo Embassy Ankara Embassy Amman Embassy Algiers Embassy Addis Ababa Embassy Accra Embassy Abuja Embassy Abu Dhabi Embassy Abidjan Consulate Auckland Consulate Amsterdam Consulate Alexandria Consulate Adana American Institute Taiwan, Taipei
Embasy Bonn Embassy Bujumbura Embassy Buenos Aires Embassy Budapest Embassy Bucharest Embassy Brussels Embassy Bridgetown Embassy Brazzaville Embassy Bratislava Embassy Brasilia Embassy Bogota Embassy Bishkek Embassy Bern Embassy Berlin Embassy Belmopan Embassy Belgrade Embassy Beirut Embassy Beijing Embassy Banjul Embassy Bangui Embassy Bangkok Embassy Bandar Seri Begawan Embassy Bamako Embassy Baku Embassy Baghdad Consulate Belfast Consulate Barcelona
Embassy Cotonou Embassy Copenhagen Embassy Conakry Embassy Colombo Embassy Chisinau Embassy Caracas Embassy Canberra Embassy Cairo Consulate Curacao Consulate Ciudad Juarez Consulate Chiang Mai Consulate Chennai Consulate Chengdu Consulate Casablanca Consulate Cape Town Consulate Calgary
Embassy Dushanbe Embassy Dublin Embassy Doha Embassy Djibouti Embassy Dili Embassy Dhaka Embassy Dar Es Salaam Embassy Damascus Embassy Dakar DIR FSINFATC Consulate Dusseldorf Consulate Durban Consulate Dubai Consulate Dhahran
Embassy Freetown Consulate Fukuoka Consulate Frankfurt
Embassy Guatemala Embassy Grenada Embassy Georgetown Embassy Gaborone Consulate Guayaquil Consulate Guangzhou Consulate Guadalajara
Embassy Helsinki Embassy Harare Embassy Hanoi Consulate Hong Kong Consulate Ho Chi Minh City Consulate Hermosillo Consulate Hamilton Consulate Hamburg Consulate Halifax
Iran RPO Dubai Embassy Islamabad Consulate Izmir Consulate Istanbul
Embassy Jakarta Consulate Johannesburg Consulate Jerusalem Consulate Jeddah
Embassy Kyiv Embassy Kuwait Embassy Kuala Lumpur Embassy Kolonia Embassy Kinshasa Embassy Kingston Embassy Kigali Embassy Khartoum Embassy Kathmandu Embassy Kampala Embassy Kabul Consulate Krakow Consulate Kolkata Consulate Karachi Consulate Kaduna
Embassy Luxembourg Embassy Lusaka Embassy Luanda Embassy London Embassy Lome Embassy Ljubljana Embassy Lisbon Embassy Lima Embassy Lilongwe Embassy Libreville Embassy La Paz Consulate Leipzig Consulate Lahore Consulate Lagos
Mission USOSCE Mission USNATO Mission UNESCO Mission Geneva Embassy Muscat Embassy Moscow Embassy Montevideo Embassy Monrovia Embassy Mogadishu Embassy Minsk Embassy Mexico Embassy Mbabane Embassy Maseru Embassy Maputo Embassy Manila Embassy Manama Embassy Managua Embassy Malabo Embassy Madrid Consulate Munich Consulate Mumbai Consulate Montreal Consulate Monterrey Consulate Milan Consulate Merida Consulate Melbourne Consulate Matamoros Consulate Marseille
Embassy Nouakchott Embassy Nicosia Embassy Niamey Embassy New Delhi Embassy Ndjamena Embassy Nassau Embassy Nairobi Consulate Nuevo Laredo Consulate Naples Consulate Naha Consulate Nagoya
Embassy Ouagadougou Embassy Ottawa Embassy Oslo Consulate Osaka Kobe
Embassy Pristina Embassy Pretoria Embassy Praia Embassy Prague Embassy Port Of Spain Embassy Port Moresby Embassy Port Louis Embassy Port Au Prince Embassy Podgorica Embassy Phnom Penh Embassy Paris Embassy Paramaribo Embassy Panama Consulate Ponta Delgada Consulate Peshawar
Embassy Quito Consulate Quebec
REO Mosul REO Kirkuk REO Hillah REO Basrah Embassy Rome Embassy Riyadh Embassy Riga Embassy Reykjavik Embassy Rangoon Embassy Rabat Consulate Rio De Janeiro Consulate Recife
Secretary of State Embassy Suva Embassy Stockholm Embassy Sofia Embassy Skopje Embassy Singapore Embassy Seoul Embassy Sarajevo Embassy Santo Domingo Embassy Santiago Embassy Sanaa Embassy San Salvador Embassy San Jose Consulate Surabaya Consulate Strasbourg Consulate St Petersburg Consulate Shenyang Consulate Shanghai Consulate Sapporo Consulate Sao Paulo
Embassy Tunis Embassy Tripoli Embassy Tokyo Embassy Tirana Embassy The Hague Embassy Tel Aviv Embassy Tehran Embassy Tegucigalpa Embassy Tbilisi Embassy Tashkent Embassy Tallinn Consulate Toronto Consulate Tijuana Consulate Thessaloniki
USUN New York USMISSION USTR GENEVA USEU Brussels US Office Almaty US Mission Geneva US Mission CD Geneva US Interests Section Havana US Delegation, Secretary US Delegation FEST TWO UNVIE UN Rome Embassy Ulaanbaatar
Embassy Vilnius Embassy Vientiane Embassy Vienna Embassy Vatican Embassy Valletta Consulate Vladivostok Consulate Vancouver
Embassy Windhoek Embassy Wellington Embassy Warsaw
Embassy Yerevan Embassy Yaounde Consulate Yekaterinburg
Embassy Zagreb

### Browse by tag

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
AF ADANA ASEC AFIN AMGT AE AORC AID AR AO AU ASEAN AGOA AFGHANISTAN AFFAIRS AMED APER ASECARP APEC AEMR AS AA ANET AFLU ABLD AL ASUP AJ APECO AMER ABUD AODE AM AFSN AESC AND AG ALOW AROC AVIANFLU ATRN ACOA AEGR AMGMT AADP AFSI ACABQ APRM AZ AIDS ASE AGAO ADCO ABDALLAH ARF AIDAC ACOTA ASCH AC ASEG AGR ACS AMCHAMS AN AMIA ASIG ADPM ADB ANARCHISTS ALOWAR ARM AUC AINF AINT AORG AY AVIAN AMEDCASCKFLO AK ARSO ARABBL ASO ANTITERRORISM ARABL AOWC AGRICULTURE ALJAZEERA AMTC AFINM AOCR ABER ARR AFPK ASSEMBLY ASSK AZE AORCYM AINR AGMT AEC ACKM APRC AIN ASCC AFPREL ASED APERTH ASFC ASECTH AFSA AOMS AORCO ANTXON ARC AFAF ADIP AIAG AFARI AEMED AORL AX ASECAF AOPC ASECAFIN AFZAL APCS AMB AGUIRRE AEMRASECCASCKFLOMARRPRELPINRAMGTJMXL AIT ARCH AMEX ALI AQ ATFN AMBASSADOR AORCD AVIATION ARAS AINFCY ACBAQ AOPR AREP ALEXANDER ATRD AEIR AOIC ABLDG ASEX AFR ASCE ATRA ASEK AER ALOUNI AMCT AVERY APR AMAT AEMRS ASPA AFU AMG ATPDEA ALL AECL ACAO ASECKFRDCVISKIRFPHUMSMIGEG AORD AFL AME ADM ASECPHUM AGIT ABT ASECVE AGUILAR AT ABMC ALZUGUREN ANGEL ASR ANTONIO
BMGT BEXP BM BG BL BA BR BTA BO BY BBSR BLUE BK BF BTIO BELLVIEW BE BU BN BH BD BC BTC BILAT BT BX BRUSSELS BP BB BRPA BUSH BURMA BMENA BESP BIT BBG BGD BMEAID BAGHDAD BEN BIO BMOT BWC BLUNT BURNS BUT BGMT BAIO BCW BOEHNER BFIF BOL BASHAR BIMSTEC BOU BIDEN BZ BFIN BTRA BI BHUM BOIKO BERARDUCCI BOUCHAIB BORDER BEXPC BTIU BTT BIOS BEXB BGPGOV BOND BLR
CE CG CH CVR CASC CU CI CD CO CDG CB CJAN CPAS COM CVIS CMGT CT CENTCOM CNARC CTERR COUNTER CHIEF CDC CTR CBW COUNTRY CLEARANCE CY CA CM CS CWC CN CITES CF CWG CIVS CFIS CASCC CROATIA CONS COUNTERTERRORISM CASA COE CJ CHR CODEL CR CBC CACS CHERTOFF CAS CONTROL CONDITIONS CONDOLEEZZA CITEL CV CLINTON CHG CZ CON CTBT CEN CRIMES COMMERCE CLOK CRISTINA CFED CARC CND CTM CARICOM COUNTRYCLEARANCE CBTH CHINA CSW CICTE CJUS CYPRUS CW CAMBODIA CENSUS CIDA CRIME CBG CBE CMGMT CAIO CEC CARSON CPCTC CEDAW COMESA CVIA CWCM CEA COSI CAPC CGEN COPUOS CGOPRC COETRD CKGR CFE CQ CITT CIC CARIB CVIC CLO CAFTA CVISU CHRISTOPHER CACM CIAT CDB CIS CUL CHAO CNC CL CSEP COMMAND CENTER COL CAN CAJC CUIS CONSULAR CLMT CIA CBSA CEUDA CAC CROS CIO CPUOS CKOR CVPR CONG CONTROLS CEPTER CVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGKIRF CDCE
DPOL DEMARCHE DHS DR DA DISENGAGEMENT DEMOCRATIC DEFENSE DJ DY DARFUR DHRF DEA DTRO DPRK DO DARFR DOC DRL DK DOJ DTRA DOMESTIC DAC DOD DEAX DIEZ DEOC DELTAVIOLENCE DCOM DMINE DRC DCG DPKO DOMESTICPOLITICS DE DB DOT DEPT DOE DHLAKAMA DHSX DS DKEM DAO DCM DANIEL DEM DAVID DCRM
ETRD EAGR ETTC EAID ECON EFIN ECIN EINV ELAB EAIR ENRG EPET EWWT ECPS EIND EMIN ELTN EC ETMIN EUC EZ ET ELECTIONS ENVR EU EUN EG EINT ER ECONOMICS ES EMS ENIV EEB EN ECE ECOSOC EK ENVIRONMENT EFIS EI EWT ENGRD ECPSN EXIM EIAD ERIN ECPC EDEV ENGY ECTRD EPA ESTH ECCT EINVECON ENGR ERTD EUR EAP EWWC ELTD EL EXIMOPIC EXTERNAL ETRDEC ESCAP ECO EGAD ELNT ECONOMIC ENV ETRN EIAR EUMEM ENRGPARMOTRASENVKGHGPGOVECONTSPLEAID EREL ECOM ECONETRDEAGRJA ETCC ETRG ECONOMY EMED ETR ENERG EITC EFINOECD EURM EENG ERA EXPORT ENRD ECONEINVETRDEFINELABETRDKTDBPGOVOPIC EGEN EBRD EVIN ETRAD ECOWAS EFTA ECONETRDBESPAR EGOVSY EPIN EID ECONENRG EDRC ESENV ETT EB ENER ELTNSNAR ECHEVARRIA ETRC EPIT EDUC ESA EFI ENRGY ESCI EE EAIDXMXAXBXFFR EETC ECIP EIAID EIVN EBEXP ESTN EING EGOV ETRA EPETEIND ELAN ETRDGK EAIDRW ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS EPEC ENVI ELN EAG EPCS EPRT EPTED ETRB EUM EAIDS EFIC EFINECONEAIDUNGAGM EAIDAR ESF EIDN ELAM EDU EV EAIDAF ECN EDA EXBS EINTECPS ENRGTRGYETRDBEXPBTIOSZ EPREL EAC EINVEFIN ETA EAGER EINDIR ECA ECLAC ELAP EITI EUCOM ECONEFINETRDPGOVEAGRPTERKTFNKCRMEAID EARG ELDIN EINVKSCA ENNP EFINECONCS EFINTS ECCP ETC EAIRASECCASCID EINN ETRP EAIDNI EFQ ECOQKPKO EGPHUM EBUD ECONEINVEFINPGOVIZ ENERGY ELB EINDETRD EMI ECONEFIN EIB EURN ETRDEINVTINTCS EIN EFIM ETIO ELAINE EMN EATO EWTR EIPR EINVETC ETTD ETDR EIQ ECONCS EPPD ENRGIZ EISL ESPINOSA ELEC EAIG ESLCO EUREM ENTG ERD EINVECONSENVCSJA EEPET EUNCH ECINECONCS ETRO ETRDECONWTOCS ECUN EFND EPECO EAIRECONRP ERGR ETRDPGOV ECPN ENRGMO EPWR EET EAIS EAGRE EDUARDO EAGRRP EAIDPHUMPRELUG EICN ECONQH EVN EGHG ELBR EINF EAIDHO EENV ETEX ERNG ED
FR FREEDOM FINREF FJ FI FRELIMO FOREIGN FAA FETHI FAS FTAA FRB FAO FCS FINANCE FWS FTA FEMA FDA FLU FRANCISCO FBI FORCE FO FARC FK FT FCSC FAC FM FMGT FINV FCSCEG FARM FERNANDO FINR FIN FINE FIR FDIC FOR FOI FCUL FKLU FMLN FISO FIXED
GM GMUS GG GR GE GAZA GT GH GZ GJ GLOBAL GV GABY GOI GA GCC GB GY GATT GC GUAM GEORGE GTIP GOV GOMEZ GUTIERREZ GL GKGIC GF GU GWI GARCIA GTMO GN GANGS GIPNC GAERC GREGG GUILLERMO GASPAR GERARD GI
HK HR HUMANR HUMAN HO HA HUMANRIGHTS HU HHS HIV HUM HRKAWC HILLEN HILLARY HDP HUMRIT HSTC HUMANITARIAN HCOPIL HADLEY HURI HL HRETRD HOURANI HG HARRIET HESHAM HI HNCHR HARRY HRECON HRC HOSTAGES HEBRON HUMOR HSWG HYMPSK HECTOR HN HYDE HUD HRPGOV HIGHLIGHTS
ID ILC IS IZ ICAO IMO ITU IR IAEA ICRC IPROP IT IBRD ISRAELI IRAQI ISSUES ITRA IV IO IGAD IRAQ IN IMF ICTR ISCON IADB IDB IEA INR IWC ICCAT ILO INMARSAT IOM ICJ IQ ISPA ITRD IPR INTELSAT ISN IAHRC INTERNAL IFAD IICA IHO IRAN IL IRCE IC INTELLECTUAL IRM IE ICTY IDLI IFO ISCA INF INL ISRAEL INV IBB INFLUENZA ISPL ITER ITIA INRA ISAF IACHR INTERPOL IFR IRS INRB IEF ISAAC ICC INDO IIP IATTC INAUGURATION IND INS IZPREL IACI IEFIN INNP ILAB IA IMTS ITALY ITALIAN IFIN IRAJ IX ICG IF ITPHUM ITA IP IACW IK IUCN IZEAID IRPE IDA ISLAMISTS ITF INRO IBET IDP IRC ISO ICES IRMO ITPGOV IQNV IMSO IRDB IMET INCB IFRC
JA JO JP JM JCIC JOHN JE JEFFERY JS JUS JN JOHNNIE JAMES JKUS JOSEPH JML JAWAD JSRP JIMENEZ JOSE JKJUS JK JAPAN
KMDR KPAO KPKO KJUS KCRM KGHG KFRD KWMN KDEM KTFN KHIV KGIC KIDE KSCA KNNP KHUM KIPR KSUM KISL KIRF KCOR KRCM KPAL KWBG KN KS KOMC KSEP KFLU KPWR KTIA KSEO KMPI KHLS KICC KSTH KMCA KVPR KPRM KE KU KZ KFLO KSAF KTIP KTEX KBCT KOCI KOLY KOR KAWC KACT KUNR KTDB KSTC KLIG KSKN KNN KCFE KCIP KGHA KHDP KPOW KUNC KDRL KV KPREL KCRS KPOL KRVC KRIM KGIT KWIR KT KIRC KOMO KRFD KUWAIT KG KFIN KSCI KTFIN KFTN KGOV KPRV KSAC KGIV KCRIM KPIR KSOC KBIO KW KGLB KMWN KPO KFSC KSEAO KSTCPL KSI KPRP KREC KFPC KUNH KCSA KMRS KNDP KR KICCPUR KPPAO KCSY KTBT KCIS KNEP KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KNNB KGCC KINR KPOP KMFO KENV KNAR KVIR KDRG KDMR KFCE KNAO KDEN KGCN KICA KIMMITT KMCC KLFU KMSG KSEC KUM KCUL KMNP KSMT KCOM KOMCSG KSPR KPMI KRAD KIND KCRP KAUST KWAWC KTER KCHG KRDP KPAS KITA KTSC KPAOPREL KWGB KIRP KJUST KMIG KLAB KTFR KSEI KSTT KAPO KSTS KLSO KWNN KPOA KHSA KNPP KPAONZ KBTS KWWW KY KJRE KPAOKMDRKE KCRCM KSCS KWMNCI KESO KWUN KPLS KIIP KEDEM KPAOY KRIF KGICKS KREF KTRD KFRDSOCIRO KTAO KJU KWMNPHUMPRELKPAOZW KEN KO KNEI KEMR KKIV KEAI KWAC KRCIM KWCI KFIU KWIC KCORR KOMS KNNO KPAI KBWG KTTB KTBD KTIALG KILS KFEM KTDM KESS KNUC KPA KOMCCO KCEM KRCS KWBGSY KNPPIS KNNPMNUC KWN KERG KLTN KALM KCCP KSUMPHUM KREL KGH KLIP KTLA KAWK KWMM KVRP KVRC KAID KSLG KDEMK KX KIF KNPR KCFC KFTFN KTFM KPDD KCERS KMOC KDEMAF KMEPI KEMS KDRM KEPREL KBTR KEDU KNP KIRL KNNR KMPT KISLPINR KTPN KA KJUSTH KPIN KDEV KTDD KAKA KFRP KWNM KTSD KINL KJUSKUNR KWWMN KECF KWBC KPRO KVBL KOM KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KEDM KFLD KLPM KRGY KNNF KICR KIFR KM KWMNCS KAWS KLAP KPAK KDDG KCGC KID KNSD KMPF KPFO KDP KCMR KRMS KNPT KNNNP KTIAPARM KDTB KNUP KPGOV KNAP KNNC KUK KSRE KREISLER KIVP KQ KTIAEUN KPALAOIS KRM KISLAO KWM KFLOA
LE LU LH LA LG LO LY LANTERN LI LABOR LORAN LTTE LT LAS LAB LAW LVPR LARREA LEBIK LAURA LS LOTT LOVE LR LEON LAVIN LGAT LV LAOS LOG LN LB
MOPS MO MARR ML MASS MZ MR MNUC MX MV MCC MY MEDIA MTCRE MG MCAP MOPPS MP MI MK MC MD MA MU MASC MW MT MEPP MN MTCR MH MEPI MIL MNUCPTEREZ MMAR MICHAEL MUNC MDC MPOS MONUC MAR MGMT MAS MEPN MENDIETA MARIA MONTENEGRO MOOPS MSG MARITIME MURRAY MUKASEY MOTO MCA MFO MEX MRSEC MMED MACP MAAR MINUSTAH MCCONNELL MAPP MGT MARQUEZ MANUEL MNUR MCCAIN MF MOHAMMAD MOHAMED MNU MFA MILITANTS MINORITIES MTS MLS MILI MIAH MEETINGS MERCOSUR MED MARAD MNVC MINURSO MNUCUN MIK MARK MBM MPP MILITARY MAPS MNUK MILA MTRRE MACEDONIA MICHEL MASSMNUC MUCN MQADHAFI MPS MARRGH MRCRE MTRE MORALES MAP MCTRE MHUC MOPSGRPARM MOROCCO MCAPS
NL NU NS NI NPT NATO NO NG NATEU NSF NZ NAS NP NDP NLD NGO NEPAD NAFTA NASA NEA NGUYEN NIH NK NIPP NONE NR NANCY NEGROPONTE NRR NERG NSSP NSG NSFO NE NATSIOS NFSO NATIONAL NTDB NT NCD NTSB NRC NELSON NAM NH NPG NEC NSC NFATC NMFS NATOIRAQ NAR NZUS NARC NCCC NA NC NEW NRG NUIN NOVO NATOPREL NEY NV NICHOLAS NPA NW NARCOTICS NORAD NOAA NON NTTC NKNNP NMNUC NUMBERING
ODIP OIIP OPRC OSCE OREP OTRA OPET OSCI OVIP OECD OCII OUALI OPDC OEXC OFPD OPIC OFDP OPCW OECV OAS OM OMIG ODAG OPREP ORA OIC OEXCSCULKPAO OIG OASS OFFICIALS ORTA OSAC OIL OIE OEXP OPEC OPDAT OMS OES OHI OMAR OCRA OFSO OCBD OSTA OAO ONA OTP ORC OAU OXEC OA ODPC OPDP OVIPPRELUNGANU OASC OSHA OPCD OTR OPPI OPCR OF OFDPQIS OSIC OHUM OSTRA OASCC OBSP OFDA OPICEAGR OIM OGAC OTA OTRAORP OPPC OESC OCEA OVP ON OPAD OTAR OCS ODC OTRD OCED OSD ORUE OREG
PHUM PINR PTER PGOV PREL PREF PL PM PHSA PE PARM PINS PK PUNE PO PALESTINIAN PU PBTS PROP PTBS POL POLI PA PGOVZI POLMIL POLITICAL PARTIES POLM PD POLITICS POLICY PAS PMIL PINT PNAT PV PKO PPOL PERSONS PING PBIO PH PETR PARMS PRES PCON PETERS PRELBR PT PLAB PP PAK PDEM PKPA PSOCI PF PLO PTERM PJUS PSOE PELOSI PROPERTY PGOVPREL PARP PRL PNIR PHUMKPAL PG PREZ PGIC PBOV PAO PKK PROV PHSAK PHUMPREL PROTECTION PGOVBL PSI PRELPK PGOVENRG PUM PRELKPKO PATTY PSOC PRIVATIZATION PRELSP PGOVEAIDUKNOSWGMHUCANLLHFRSPITNZ PMIG PREC PAIGH PROG PSHA PARK PETER POG PHUS PPREL PS PTERPREL PRELPGOV POV PKPO PGOVECON POUS PGOVPRELPHUMPREFSMIGELABEAIDKCRMKWMN PWBG PMAR PREM PAR PNR PRELPGOVEAIDECONEINVBEXPSCULOIIPBTIO PARMIR PGOVGM PHUH PARTM PN PRE PTE PY POLUN PPEL PDOV PGOVSOCI PIRF PGOVPM PBST PRELEVU PGOR PBTSRU PRM PRELKPAOIZ PGVO PERL PGOC PAGR PMIN PHUMR PVIP PPD PGV PRAM PINL PKPAL PTERE PGOF PINO PHAS PODC PRHUM PHUMA PREO PPA PEPFAR PGO PRGOV PAC PRESL PORG PKFK PEPR PRELP PREFA PNG PGOVPHUMKPAO PRELECON PINOCHET PFOR PGOVLO PHUMBA PRELC PREK PHUME PHJM POLINT PGOVPZ PGOVKCRM PGOVE PHALANAGE PARTY PECON PEACE PROCESS PLN PRELSW PAHO PEDRO PRELA PASS PPAO PGPV PNUM PCUL PGGV PSA PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA PGIV PRFE POGOV PEL PBT PAMQ PINF PSEPC POSTS PHUMPGOV PVOV PHSAPREL PROLIFERATION PENA PRELTBIOBA PIN PRELL PGOVPTER PHAM PHYTRP PTEL PTERPGOV PHARM PROTESTS PRELAF PKBL PRELKPAO PKNP PARMP PHUML PFOV PERM PUOS PRELGOV PHUMPTER PARAGRAPH PERURENA PBTSEWWT PCI PETROL PINSO PINSCE PQL PEREZ PBS
QA QUAN QUOC QM QI QADRI QT QU
RS REFUGEES RW RP RELFREE RO REGIONAL RIGHTS REACTION REPORT RU RENAMO RIGHTSPOLMIL REFORM RM REFUGEE REL RELATIONS ROW RREL REGION RATIFICATION RBI RICE ROOD RODENAS RUIZ RODHAM ROBERT RGY ROY REUBEN RELIGIOUS RUEHZO RODRIGUEZ RUEUN RELAM RSP RF RSO RCMP REO ROSS RPTS RENE REID RUPREL RMA RI REMON RPEL RFE RFIN RA RAFAEL RAY RUS RPREL ROBERTG RECIN RAMONTEIJELO
SNAR SP SN SMIG SL SOCI SU SG SF SENV SZ SOE SCUL SY SO SR SYR SE SA SW SIPDIS SCIENCE SADC SI SCI SOCIETY SC SAARC STR SECRETARY SANC SSH ST SNA SGWI SEP SOCIS SETTLEMENTS SPECIALIST SK SHUM START STET SCVL SREF SCHUL SCUIL SYRIA SECURITY SPCE SYAI SMIL SOWGC STEPHEN SNRV SKCA SENSITIVE SECI SNAP SPP SCUD SOM SPECI SMIGBG SENC SCRM SGNV SECTOR SENVEAGREAIDTBIOECONSOCIXR SENVSXE SASIAIN SACU SENVSPL SWMN STEINBERG SOPN SOCR SCOI SCRS SILVASANDE SWE SARS SNARIZ SUDAN SENVQGR SM SNARKTFN SAAD SD SAN SIPRNET STATE SENS SUBJECT SFNV SECSTATE SSA SPCVIS SOI SOFA SCULKPAOECONTU SPTER SKSAF SENVKGHG SHI SEVN SANR SPSTATE SMITH SCOM SH SNARCS SNARN SIPRS SNARM SIPDI SCPR SNIG SELAB SULLIVAN SENVENV SECDEF SOLIC SOIC SPAS SASC SOSI SEC SEN SENVCASCEAIDID
TU TH TW TSPA TRGY TPHY TBIO TIFA TS TZ TX TSPL TT TK TC TINT TERFIN TERRORISM TIP TURKEY TI TECHNOLOGY TNGD TRSY TRAFFICKING TOPEC TPSL TP TD TR TA TIO TREATY TO THPY TECH TRADE TPSA TG TAGS TF TRAD THKSJA TVBIO TNDG TN TBIOZK TWI TV TWL TRT TWRO TSRY TTPGOV TAUSCHER TRBY TRBIO TL TPKO TIA TGRY TSPAM TREL TNAR TBI TFIN TPHYPA TWCH THOMMA THOMAS TERROR TRY TBID TPP TE THANH TJ TBKIO
UNGA USUN UN UG UNSC UK UP US UNCTAD UNVIE UNHRC USTR UNAMA UNCRIME UNESCO UV UNDP UNHCR UNCSD UNCHR UZ USAID UNEP UNO UNPUOS UY UNDC UNCITRAL UNAUS UNCND UA UNMIK USTDA USEU USDA UNICEF UR UNFICYP USNC USTRRP UNODC UNRWA UNOMIG USTRPS USAU USCC UNEF UNGAPL UNFPA UNSCE USSC UGA UEU UNMIC UNTAC UNION UNCLASSIFIED USPS UNA UMIK USOAS UNMOVIC UNFA UNAIDS UNCHC USGS UNSE UNRCR UNTERR USG UE UAE UNWRA UNCSW UNSCR UNCHS UNDESCO UNPAR UNC UB UNSCS UKXG UNGACG UNREST UNHR USPTO UNFCYP USCG UNIDROIT UNSCD UPU UNBRO UNECE USTRUWR UNCC UNESCOSCULPRELPHUMKPALCUIRXFVEKV
VM VE VT VETTING VN VZ VIS VC VTPREL VIP VTEAID VTEG VOA VA VTIZ VANG VISIT VO VENZ VAT VI VEPREL VEN
WFP WTO WHO WTRO WBG WMO WIPO WA WI WSIS WHA WCL WE WMN WEBZ WS WAR WZ WMD WW WILLIAM WEET WAEMU WM WWBG WWT WWARD WITH WMDT WTRQ WCO WEU WALTER WRTO WB WHTI WBEG WCI WEF WAKI WHOA WGC
XA XM XR XL XY XC XK XF XT XD XG XI XH XB XE XW XX XV XXX XJ XU XS XZ XQ XO XP XFNEA XTAG
YM YMOEXC YI YE YL YEH YMCS YOUSSEF YU
ZO ZI ZK ZR ZF ZU ZL ZP ZA ZIM ZANU ZJ ZM ZOELLICK ZCTU ZB ZN ZH ZT ZFR ZEALAND ZW ZXA

### Browse by classification

CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL//NOFORN SECRET SECRET//NOFORN UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

### Community resources

Follow us on Twitter Check our Reddit Twitter this Digg this page Contact us on IRC

courage is contagious

### Viewing cable 03ABUJA2193, NIGERIA: 2003-2004 INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL

If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs
Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:

- The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
- The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
- The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.

To understand the justification used for the classification of each cable, please use this WikiSource article as reference.
Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #03ABUJA2193.

Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
03ABUJA2193 | 2003-12-22 10:09 | 2011-08-25 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Abuja

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 04 ABUJA 002193

    SIPDIS

    STATE FOR INL
    ALSO FOR AF/W
    JUSTICE FOR OIA AND AFMLS
    TREASURY FOR FINCEN

    E.O. 12958:  N/A
    TAGS: SNAR KCRM EFIN NI
    SUBJECT: NIGERIA: 2003-2004 INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL
    STRATEGY REPORT (INCSR) PART II FINANCIAL CRIMES AND MONEY
    LAUNDERING

    Ref: STATE 328024

    The following is Post's submission for part II INCSR for
    Nigeria

    Nigeria.
    --------

    Nigeria is Africa's largest democracy and a hub for money
    laundering and other financial crimes not only for the West
    African sub-region but also increasingly for the entire
    continent. Individuals and criminal organizations have taken
    advantage of the country's location, weak laws, systemic
    corruption, lack of enforcement, and poor economic
    conditions to strengthen their ability to perpetrate all
    manner of financial crimes at home and abroad.  Their
    success in avoiding prosecution has led to an increase in
    financial crimes of all types, including bank fraud, advance
    fee fraud, and money laundering. Despite the determined
    efforts of the government to counter years of rampant
    corruption, Transparency International still ranks Nigeria
    as the second most corrupt country in the World.

    Nigerian Advance Fee Fraud is one of the most lucrative
    financial crimes committed by Nigerians.  This type of fraud
    is referred to internationally as "Four-One-Nine-Scams,"
    (419 is the Nigerians penal code's section on fraud). The
    gist of a "419" scam is to convince victims that they will
    receive an exorbitant return for providing a relatively
    modest payment of a fictitious fee in advance. Businesses
    and individuals around the world have been and continue to
    be targeted by these "get rich quick" offers.  These scams
    often go beyond confidence games; violence against the fraud
    victims has also occurred.  Some evidence exists that
    narcotics traffickers have utilized 419 Scams to fund their
    illicit smuggling efforts.

    In December 2002, the National Assembly passed three key
    pieces of anti-money laundering legislation:  an amendment
    to the 1995 Money Laundering Act, that extends the scope of
    the law's coverage beyond the proceeds of drug trafficking
    to the proceeds of all crimes; an amendment to the 1991
    Banking and Other Financial Institutions (BOFI) Act that
    expands coverage of the law to stock brokerage firms and
    foreign currency exchange facilities and gives the Central
    Bank of Nigeria greater power to deny banks licenses and to
    freeze suspicious accounts; and the new Financial Crimes
    Commission Act that creates a central law enforcement body
    to coordinate anti-money laundering operations and
    information sharing.  The Economic and Financial Crimes
    Commission (EFCC), created by the December legislation, was
    formally constituted in April 2003 to investigate and
    prosecute all forms of economic crimes, advance fee fraud
    (419) and other financial sabotage against the country.  In
    November 2003, President Obasanjo presented bills on money
    laundering and economic crimes to the Senate for
    consideration.  The bills would repeal the Money Laundering
    Act 2003 and the Economic and Financial Crimes
    (Establishment) Act 2002 in order to strengthen them against
    these crimes and to get Nigeria de-listed from the Financial
    Action Task Force (FATF) list of Non-Cooperative Countries
    or Territories (NCCT).  Nigeria recently inaugurated a 15-
    member panel, chaired by the National Security Advisor, to
    check advance-fee fraud and allied crimes via the Internet.

    The National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) and the
    Money Laundering Surveillance Unit (MLSU) of the Central
    Bank of Nigeria will continue to play a role in fighting
    money laundering, but will have the lead only where money
    laundering is connected to proceeds of drug trafficking.

    The EFCC recently set up a Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)
    and has since May 2003, recovered or seized assets valued at
    over 31 billion Naira (US219 million dollars) from various
    fraudsters inside and outside of Nigeria and more than one
    billion Naira (approximately US7 million dollars) from a
    syndicate that included highly placed government officials
    defrauding the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS).
    Several influential individuals have been arrested and are
    currently incarcerated awaiting trial and numerous
    properties and personal possessions have been confiscated.
    In an effort to expedite the trial process, the Commission
    has been assigned two high court judges in Lagos and two in
    Abuja to hear all cases involving financial crimes.  This
    has resulted in an aggressive campaign to combat "419" and
    other economic crimes in Nigeria and has served as notice
    for some that the country is serious about sanitizing its
    image as a corrupt nation.    We encourage the Government of
    Nigeria to adequately fund all agencies involved in
    combating economic crimes making them less susceptible to
    corruption.

    The following responses are keyed to the questions in
    reftel.

    ¶18. Nigeria is considered an important regional financial
    center.  Lagos, the former capitol, is the New York of
    Nigeria.  It is the hub of all manner of financial crimes,
    including bank fraud, advance fee (419) fraud and money
    laundering.
    ¶19. Money laundering is not primarily related to narcotics
    proceeds but rather to the proceeds of public corruption.
    According to reports from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and
    the National Insurance Cooperation of Nigeria (NICON), bank
    fraud is on the increase.  Numerous banks have been closed
    due to rules violations and misappropriation.
    ¶20. Criminal proceeds laundered in Nigeria are from domestic
    criminal activity.
    ¶21. Nigeria does have a significant black market for
    smuggled goods and although items have been linked to
    individuals connected with financial crimes, the funding of
    these goods are not believed to be from narcotics or other
    illicit proceeds.
    ¶22. Money Laundering occurs in all areas of financial
    activities.(example: Government officials deposit agency
    funds in preferred banks sometimes for a fee)
    ¶23. There is no evidence that narco-traffickers or any other
    particular group controls money-laundering proceeds in
    Nigeria.  Nigeria has pockets of criminal activity but not
    organized in our definition of criminal organizations, i.e.
    mafia, cartel etc.
    ¶24. Neither the Nigerian government nor any senior
    government officials are known to encourage, facilitate or
    engage in laundering the proceeds from illegal drug
    transactions, from other serious crimes or from terrorist
    financing as a matter of government policy or practice.  To
    the contrary, the Obasanjo administration has gone out of
    its way to project an image of being serious about stamping
    out corruption and other crimes that affect the image of the
    country.
    ¶25. It is possible for financial institutions to engage in
    illegal currency transactions involving international
    narcotics trafficking proceeds that include U.S. currency
    but post has no direct knowledge of any particular
    occurrences.  The Nigeria National Assembly recently passed
    money laundering and financial and economic crime
    legislation strengthening previous legislation in both
    areas.
    ¶26. Money laundering is a criminal offense under Nigerian
    law.  The Money Laundering Prohibition Act 2003 signed May
    22, 2003 and the new Economic and Financial Crimes Act 2002
    were recently appealed and new Money Laundering and Economic
    Crime Bills recently passed the National Assembly and have
    been forwarded to the President for signature.
    ¶27. The money laundering law applies to proceeds of all
    financial crimes.  It also covers stock brokerage firms and
    foreign currency exchange facilities.  It also gives the CBN
    greater powers to deny banks licenses and freeze suspicious
    accounts.
    ¶28. Banks and Financial Institutions are required to
    identify customers whenever transactions exceed the
    threshold amount of $5,000 or its equivalent.  A report must
    be filed even if the transaction was not accepted.
    ¶29. Banks are required to retain record of significant
    transactions for five years.
    ¶30. Suspicious transactions must be reported when they
    occur.
    ¶31. Since money-laundering laws require banks to report
    suspicious transactions, they are in turn, protected by that
    law.
    ¶32. There are no secrecy laws dealing with financial
    activity in Nigeria.
    ¶33. Individuals are required to declare currency of $10,000
    or equivalent when entering Nigeria.
    ¶34. See 33.
    ¶35. Banks risk losing their license to operate and bank
    officers are subject to prosecution for failure to take
    actions to identify and combat money-laundering activity.
    ¶36. Nigeria's money laundering law of May 2003 applies to
    exchange houses and other financial institutions.  New
    legislation recently passed in the National Assembly is
    designed to close the loopholes in casinos, insurance
    companies, hotels and individuals not covered under previous
    legislation.
    ¶37. There is one case currently before the Nigerian courts
    involving money laundering.
    ¶38. The anti-money laundering law created the EFCC that has
    made numerous high-profile arrests of persons suspected of
    financial crimes.  Public opinion has been very favorable
    and the banks are very receptive since many have been hurt
    by fraudulent activity in the past.

    ¶39. The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission
    (Establishment) Act 2002, which passed on December 15, 2002,
    criminalizes the financing and participation in terrorism.
    Any person who commits an offense under the Act is liable on
    conviction to imprisonment for life. "Offenses relating to
    Terrorism"
     a.   a person who willfully provides or collects by any
        means, directly or indirectly, any money by any other person
        with intent that the money shall be used for any act of
        terrorism, commits an offense under this Act and is liable
        on conviction to imprisonment for life.
    b.   Any person who commits or attempts to commit a
    terrorist act or participates in or facilitates the
    commission of a terrorist act, commits an offense under this
    Act and is liable on conviction to imprisonment for life.
    c.   Any person who  makes funds, financial assets or
    economic resources or financial or other related services
    available for use of any other person to commit or attempt
    to commit, facilitate or participate in the commission of a
    terrorist act is liable on conviction to imprisonment for
    life.

    ¶40. The jurisdiction has the authority to identify, freeze,
    and seize terrorist finance-related assets, and circulate
    the list of individuals and entities that have been included
    in the UN 1267 Sanctions Committee Consolidated list.
    ¶41. No terrorist finance-related assets have been identified
    by the GON.
    42.Nigeria recognizes the existence and use of indigenous
    alternative remittance systems such as moneychangers and has
    established a requirement for registration with the CBN
    according to prescribed criteria.
    ¶43. According to the EFCC, this is not yet a problem in
    Nigeria.
    ¶44. Nigeria is a party to the 1999 International Convention.

    OFFSHORE FINANCIAL CENTERS
    45-48. Not Applicable, Nigeria has no offshore banking
    system.

    INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
    ¶49. Nigeria and the U.S. signed a Mutual Legal Assistance
    Treaty (MLAT) in 1989, which was ratified by the U.S. in
    ¶2001.  The instrument of ratification was signed in January
    ¶2003.
    ¶50. N/A
    ¶51. USG personnel as well as those of other governments have
    access to documents and records involving investigations of
    all criminal activity.
    ¶52. Nigeria has demonstrated a willingness to cooperate with
    all USG law enforcement agencies in the investigations of
    all types of crimes.
    ¶53. Nigeria is a party to the UN Drug Convention and has
    passed legislation that adheres to international money
    laundering standards.  Nigeria's EFCC, constituted in April
    2003, recently set up a Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU).
    Legislation to strengthen the laws was passed by the
    National Assembly in December 2003.
    ¶54. Yes, frequent exchanges of information have taken place
    with USG law enforcement agencies but on-site examinations
    are done through host country contacts.
    ¶55. Nigeria has been very cooperative with the U.S.,
    especially during extradition proceedings, resulting in the
    extradition to the U.S. of an individual for financial
    fraud.  Two additional cases are pending on which the GON
    has been extremely cooperative with U.S. law enforcement
    authorities.
    ¶56. Since 1999, the USG and GON have enjoyed excellent
    cooperation on many fronts.  Post knows of no instances
    where Nigeria has refused to cooperate with a foreign
    government or the USG.
    ¶57. Nigeria has signed bi-lateral agreements for exchange of
    information on money laundering with South Africa, United
    Kingdom, and all Commonwealth and Economic Community of West
    African States (ECOWAS) countries.
    ¶58. Nigeria and the U.S. signed a bi-lateral Letter of
    Agreement (LOA) in July 2002 for narcotics and law
    enforcement assistance.  That agreement has been amended
    four times to expand assistance in various area of law
    enforcement.  The instrument of ratification for the Mutual
    Legal Assistance Treaty (MLAT) was signed in January 2003.

    ASSET FORFEITURE AND SEIZURE LEGISLATION
    ¶59. (N/A)
    ¶60. Asset forfeiture is covered under the Economic and
    Financial Crimes Commission (Establishment) Act 2002.
    ¶61. The EFCC Act has provisions for sharing of proceeds of
    seized assets.
    62.Adequate provisions exist in current laws but the
    resources for enforcement are limited.
    ¶63. N/A
    ¶64. According to Nigeria's money laundering legislation,
    anything related to the crime is liable to seizure.
    ¶65. Any business involved in the commission of a crime is
    liable for seizure under Nigeria's money laundering law.
    ¶66. Proceeds of seized assets go to the Federal Government.
    ¶67. Working with FATF, Nigeria took great strides to ensure
    that traffickers could not take advantage of money
    laundering laws.  The bill currently being forwarded to the
    President for signature should close any remaining
    loopholes.
    ¶68. Yes, the law applies equally to civil and criminal
    forfeitures.
    69.Enforcement is limited for drug-related seizures since
    most of the drug seizures are small and involve couriers
    transiting Nigeria's international airports, however, the
    EFCC has made numerous seizures involving financial fraud.
    ¶70. The National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) and the
    Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and the
    Nigerian Police Force (NPF) in some cases are responsible
    for tracing and seizing assets.
    ¶71. The EFCC Act gives police powers to the Commission.
    ¶72. Since May 2003, the EFCC has seized assets valued over
    $200,000,000.
    73.The EFCC didn't exist until April of 2003 and no
    estimates are available for the time period prior to their
    existence.
    ¶74. The MLAT and improved relations between Nigeria and the
    U.S. has ensured cooperation on many issues.  Bank accounts
    have been frozen in response to request from the USG.
    ¶75. Yes, in the investigative process, Nigeria uses all
    available information to pursue the perpetrators of
    financial crimes.
    ¶76. Nigeria is engaged with South Africa, United Kingdom and
    ECOWAS on agreements to enhance its fight against financial
    fraud.
    ¶77. Public and political response have been very positive to
    the efforts of the EFCC.
    ¶78. Banks are very supportive and cooperative with the law
    enforcement agencies responsible for money laundering and
    financial crime prevention.  They recognize the benefits to
    be gained.
    ¶79.  EFCC revealed that some threats have been made but no
    attempts to carry out any threats or retaliation for
    enforcing the economic crime laws.

    ROBERTS

`