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### Viewing cable 01ABUJA1383, EUCOM BRIEFS DONORS AND ECOWAS ON ASSISTANCE

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
01ABUJA1383 | 2001-06-19 11:18 | 2011-08-25 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Abuja

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 ABUJA 001383

    SIPDIS

    SENSITIVE

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PGOV NI ECOWAS
    SUBJECT: EUCOM BRIEFS DONORS AND ECOWAS ON ASSISTANCE
    POSSIBILITIES

    ¶1.  (SBU) Summary.  On June 12, EUCOM POLAD Ambassador Peter
    Chaveas addressed a meeting of Diplomatic Missions in Abuja
    interested in assisting ECOWAS in its peace-keeping and
    conflict resolution activities.  Ambassador Chaveas briefed
    the representatives on EUCOM's three pillars for ECOWAS
    engagement; civilian control and defense reform, regional
    capacity building, and military professionalism.
    Representatives of the EU and other missions present spoke
    briefly on their own current or planned programs with ECOWAS.
     A general consensus emerged that ECOWAS, although
    institutionally weak, had the political will to pursue its
    peace-keeping and conflict resolution goals, and should be
    supported with carefully targeted and mutually reinforcing
    efforts by donor nations, especially efforts to strengthen
    ECOWAS' accountability, functional scope and institutional
    capacity.

    ¶2.  (SBU) Chaveas also briefed ECOWAS Executive Secretary
    Lansana Kouyate on June 13th on its three pillars of support.
     Kouyate briefed in reply on the status of its initial steps
    to erect the Mechanism on Conflict Prevention and Security,
    including its four observation stations, central operations
    center, Council of Elders, and stand-by units, all to be
    financed by a 0.5% ECOWAS levy on imports from outside the
    community.  Kouyate said a careful consideration of the
    various EUCOM programs would bring a comprehensive response
    by August.  He also agreed to a visit by the EUCOM DCINC the
    same month.  End Summary.

    ¶3.  (SBU) On June 12, in a meeting hosted by Ambassador
    Jeter, EUCOM POLAD Ambassador Peter Chaveas and EUCOM staff
    briefed diplomatic missions interested in assisting ECOWAS on
    the EUCOM outline of engagement with the ECOWAS Secretariat
    in Abuja.  In attendance were the French DCM Gerard Gerold,
    the Canadian Counselor, John McNeish, the German Ambassador
    Armin Hiller and his DCM, Karlfried Bergner, The EU
    Ambassador Veli Ollikainen, the Japanese Second Secretary
    Matsumoto Koichiro, and the Dutch DCM, Michel Deelen.

    ¶4.  (SBU) Chaveas began by cautioning the assembled diplomats
    that, although EUCOM envisaged an ultimately broad engagement
    with ECOWAS, for the moment EUCOM's relationship with ECOWAS
    was "very embryonic."  EUCOM saw ECOWAS as the most promising
    of regional organizations in regard to security issues, and
    the proper initial forum for EUCOM's  desired sub-regional
    engagement, a break from EUCOM's conventional focus on
    bilateral endeavors.  An initial "get-acquainted" meeting
    between ECOWAS Executive Secretary Lansana Kouyate and EUCOM
    DCINC General Fulford last October in Abuja was followed up
    by a meeting with ECOWAS Chairman, President Oumar Konare of
    Mali, in Bamako in February.  The meeting with Kouyate this
    time, said Chaveas, would be the first real opportunity to
    brief ECOWAS on existing program opportunities.

    ¶5.  (SBU) Chaveas and EUCOM J-5 Division Chief Captain
    Stephen Ewell then gave the assembled diplomats a rundown on
    what EUCOM possibly could provide to ECOWAS, presented in the
    form of three main themes of engagement: civilian control and
    defense reform, regional capacity building, and military
    professionalism.  Regarding civilian control and defense
    reform, Chaveas and Ewell outlined the activities of the
    Africa Center for Strategic Studies, and the various security
    assistance programs available, FMS/FMF, EDA, and IMET.
    Regional capacity building, Chaveas explained, could be
    enhanced by participation in ACRI, Humanitarian Civic
    Assistance, the Excess Property program, and other non-lethal
    forms of assistance such as de-mining training, and
    "Communications and Consequence Management".  Ewell briefly
    described Operation Focus Relief's  training of individual
    battalions for service in UNAMSIL operations in Sierra Leone.
     Finally, Ewell briefed the diplomats on activities geared
    toward military professionalism, including JCETs, ship
    visits, FLINTLOCK and MEDFLAG exercises, and the prospective
    African Regional Exercise Program, meant to integrate ACRI
    and Focus Relief training into combined exercises for
    regional entities.

    ¶6.  (SBU) Canadian Counsellor John McNeish replied first,
    noting that his government had plans underway to establish a
    Child Protection Unit within ECOWAS, and to assist with the
    establishment of a NGO network within the ECOWAS community to
    feed information to its four "listening posts".  He cautioned
    that ECOWAS could easily be overwhelmed by "too much support"
    that was not carefully targeted.  German DCM Bergner stated
    that the German Government was in a "fact-finding mode," as
    the ECOWAS Secretariat was considered short-staffed and
    disorganized, and "scrambling" to absorb many different
    offers of assistance.  With only two military officers on its
    staff, for example, ECOWAS headquarters had difficulty
    planning for security contingencies as well as planning
    actual deployments.  Institutional capacity-building appeared
    an essential first step, said Bergner.  Some sort of aid for
    an internal accounting system could be useful, he noted.

    ¶7.  (SBU) EU Ambassador Ollikainen echoed the comments of the
    first two speakers, saying that ECOWAS was very weak
    institutionally.  The EU had a study underway of its various
    capacities on political and economic issues, and was
    considering some sort of budgetary support, although this was
    a very preliminary idea, and the EU had considerable
    misgivings about this.  The EU was also assisting with the
    set-up of the four monitoring posts, now just underway, he
    added.  Japanese Second Secretary Koichiro stated that the
    Japanese Government had established a Japan-ECOWAS Trust Fund
    with an initial one hundred thousand dollar contribution, to
    be used for conflict prevention programs.  Koichiro noted
    that ECOWAS did not lack ideas, but there was a dearth of
    concrete initiatives to fund.  He also noted that the GOJ
    preferred to deal through the UN, as funding restrictions
    prevented the GOJ from working directly with ECOWAS on many
    fronts.

    ¶8.  (SBU) Dutch DCM Deelen said that direct Dutch cooperation
    with ECOWAS was "very preliminary."  The Dutch Government had
    donated trucks to UNAMSIL in Sierra Leone, indirectly
    furthering ECOWAS endeavors, but direct assistance was not an
    immediate prospect.  The Dutch Government had asked ECOWAS
    for an "action plan."  Deelen commented that more funds for
    assistance from the Dutch Government could be forthcoming,
    but only if the capacity of ECOWAS to absorb it was clear.
    French DCM Gerold also noted the institutional weakness of
    ECOWAS, although the French Government was convinced of the
    necessity to build cooperation with ECOWAS.  He noted the
    very slow institutional decision-making structure of ECOWAS:
    "Look how long it took to hire the new Deputy Director of the
    Mechanism for Conflict Prevention, General Diarra," he asked
    rhetorically.  (Comment: Filling this position has taken over
    two years.  End comment).

    ¶9.  (SBU) Participants generally agreed on the importance of
    assisting ECOWAS, despite its weak decision-making structure,
    and its limited capacities on many levels.  ECOWAS had the
    political will to take on regional conflict and attempt to
    solve it, participants agreed, and this had to be nurtured.
    The French and Canadian representatives noted the potential
    harm in sending "mixed messages" to ECOWAS, supporting its
    efforts generally while expressing distrust in particular
    cases, most especially the plan to send an inter-positional
    force to the Liberia-Guinea border area.  Both Ambassadors
    Chaveas and Jeter strongly interjected that the great risks
    of that plan, and the refusal of Guinea to allow deployment
    on its soil, had far outweighed any slight to ECOWAS
    sensibilities.  "We did not want to set up ECOWAS for
    failure," said Chaveas.  As a final note, the diplomatic
    representatives in attendance praised USG organization of
    this first-ever donor meeting, and urged regular interactions
    in the future.

    ¶10.  (SBU) On June 13, Ambassador Chaveas and Ambassador
    Jeter, and EUCOM and Mission staff, met with Executive
    Secretary Kouyate, Deputy Executive Secretary Diarra and

    SIPDIS
    other ECOWAS officials.  Ambassador Chaveas noted at the
    outset that EUCOM had "no great master proposal" for ECOWAS.
    EUCOM and the USG wanted to hear fully from ECOWAS on its
    needs and interests.  "Let us tell you what we have, so you
    can better tell us what you need."  Ambassador Jeter
    mentioned that ECOWAS was now fully certified to receive
    direct U.S. assistance.  Captain Ewell then briefed on the
    three pillars of program support outlined in paragraph 5.

    ¶11.  (SBU)  At the end of the briefing, Kouyate expressed
    great interest in using IMET training for EOCWAS stand-by
    force officers.  "The educational level of our troops in the
    region is very low," he said.  "This sort of program is very
    essential."  He also noted the complementarity of ACRI and
    the French RECAMP programs, and said that ECOWAS wished the
    stand-by units to ultimately train and exercise together,
    with common airlift, logistics and command and control
    mechanisms in place.  Regional training exercises would also
    take care of the Nigerian "ego" problem of insisting its
    troops already possessed full knowledge of modern tactical
    and strategic concepts and were fully trained for regional
    deployment.  Two regional depots, one coastal, one in the
    interior, were envisaged to support joint deployments.

    ¶12.  (SBU) Kouyate gave an overview of the ECOWAS Mechanism
    for Conflict Prevention, Peace-Keeping and Security, noting
    that three headquarters agreements had been already signed
    for the four planned Observation Stations in Benin, Burkina
    Faso, The Gambia and Liberia.  The Observation and Monitoring
    Center at the ECOWAS Secretariat would, he said, ideally be
    equipped with the latest equipment to ensure confidential
    communications and real time information on regional events.
    He noted that the UN was helping with the establishment of a
    "data base" for this operations center.  He briefly described
    the Council of Mediation and Security, and its sub-organs,
    the Defense and Security Commission and the Council of
    Elders.  He noted an ECOWAS-wide customs levy of 0.5% had
    been agreed upon to fund the Mechanism, but "more funds"
    would be needed to fully meet the needs of the Secretariat.

    ¶13.  (SBU) Kouyate then said that his staff would digest the
    EUCOM presentation, and develop a response by August. He also
    pledged his willingness to receive an August visit by the
    EUCOM DCINC, and hoped his staff would have its response
    ready by that time.  Ambassador Chaveas replied that EUCOM
    took a keen interest in enhanced ties with ECOWAS, and it
    understood the heightened focus ECOWAS gave to early warning
    systems with its Observation Stations and Observation Center.
     He invited ECOWAS to send a representative to EUCOM
    headquarters in Frankfurt to see how EUCOM manages its
    operational responsibilities for 91 countries in Africa,
    Europe and elsewhere.  Kouyate accepted, and the meeting
    concluded.

    ¶14.  (SBU) Comment.  ECOWAS has just begun to bring the
    Conflict Prevention and Security Mechanism to life.  Focused
    and complementary assistance to ECOWAS by donor governments,
    which does not exceed the organization's capacity to receive
    it, and which enhances its ability to respond in an organized
    and early manner to crises, appears the proper path to
    pursue.  The universal judgement among interested diplomatic
    missions in Abuja is that well-coordinated and targeted aid
    will work best.  Although there is some hesitation among
    interested Missions in Abuja regarding an organizationally
    weak and under-staffed Secretariat, there is general
    agreement that there is no alternative to ECOWAS and its role
    in conflict prevention, resolution, and peacekeeping.  End
    comment.

    Jeter

`