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### Viewing cable 08OTTAWA850, CANADA: KHAWAJA TERROR TRIAL OPENS

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
08OTTAWA850 | 2008-06-24 11:52 | 2011-04-28 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Ottawa

`

    VZCZCXRO1893
    PP RUEHGA RUEHHA RUEHMT RUEHQU RUEHVC
    DE RUEHOT #0850 1761152
    ZNR UUUUU ZZH
    P 241152Z JUN 08
    FM AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 8074
    INFO RUCNCAN/ALL CANADIAN POSTS COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
    RUEKJCS/JOINT STAFF WASHDC PRIORITY
    RUEAIIA/CIA WASHDC PRIORITY
    RHEHNSC/WHITE HOUSE NSC WASHINGTON DC PRIORITY
    RUEKJCS/OSD WASHDC PRIORITY
    RUEHLO/AMEMBASSY LONDON 0940
    RUEAWJA/DEPT OF JUSTICE WASHDC
    RUEAHLC/DEPT OF HOMELAND SECURITY WASHDC

` `

    UNCLAS OTTAWA 000850

    SENSITIVE

    SIPDIS

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PTER PGOV CA
    SUBJECT: CANADA: KHAWAJA TERROR TRIAL OPENS

    ¶1. (SBU) Summary:  The Canadian government's ability to win its
    first major anti-terrorism case will soon be tested in Ontario
    Superior Court in the landmark trial of Momin Khawaja, which began
    on June 23 in Ottawa.  Khawaja is the first Canadian citizen to be
    charged under the 2001 Anti-terrorism Act.  Although key provisions
    of the Act and related national security legislation have largely
    stood up to over four years of pre-trial constitutional challenges,
    many security experts believe that a major trial is required to
    determine whether the Act will serve as a workable tool in Canada's
    fight against terrorism.  End summary.

    ¶2. (U) Twenty-nine year old Canadian-born software developer Momin
    Khawaja was arrested in Ottawa in March 2004 and charged as a
    co-conspirator in a thwarted home-grown plot by British-born
    terrorists of Pakistani origin in 2003 and 2004 to detonate a 600
    kilogram ammonium nitrate fertilizer bomb against a target in the
    U.K.  Khawaja's alleged role was to develop and build a
    radio-frequency detonator.  He was the only person arrested in
    Canada in connection with the plot and has spent more than four
    years in pre-trial custody.  Meanwhile, five of his alleged British
    co-conspirators were convicted of terrorism by British courts in
    April 2007 and are serving life sentences.  Two more were acquitted.
     A significant portion of the prosecution evidence to be used
    against Khawaja is thought to have been supplied by British security
    agencies and police, and media reports claim U.S. agencies also
    contributed intelligence to the case.

    ¶3. (U) Khawaja is charged with seven counts under the Anti-terrorism
    provisions of the Criminal Code of Canada, including helping to
    develop bomb detonators, possessing explosives, helping to finance
    terrorist activity, receiving terrorist training and facilitating
    terrorism.  Three of the seven counts carry maximum penalties of
    life in prison, while four carry maximum prison terms of 10 or 14
    years.  On June 23, Khawaja pleaded not guilty to all charges
    against him, and his non-jury trial is expected to run through
    October 2008, or longer.

    ¶4. (U) The case has already helped to define the balance between
    civil rights and national security in Canada, and the courts'
    approach to secrecy.  In October 2006 Khawaja successfully
    challenged the constitutionality of the "motive" clause of the
    Anti-terrorism Act defining a terrorist act as one committed for "a
    political, religious or ideological purpose, objective or cause"
    when an Ontario Superior Court judge struck it down agreeing that it
    violated the Charter of Rights and Freedoms (Canada's Bill of Rights
    analogue).  Despite Khawaja's partial victory, a provincial judge
    ruled that the case against him could proceed.  The Supreme Court of
    Canada meanwhile has twice refused to hear appeals by Khawaja to
    throw out his case on the grounds that the government's ability to
    withhold sensitive information on national security grounds impedes
    his right to a fair trial.

    ¶5. (U) The Khawaja trial will proceed simultaneously with Canada's
    other ongoing terrorism trial of a member of the so-called "Toronto
    11," a group of suspects accused of planning a terror attack against
    Canadian targets.  Although the Khawaja prosecution is not Canada's
    first terrorism case to go to trial -- the Toronto 11 case got
    Qfirst terrorism case to go to trial -- the Toronto 11 case got
    underway earlier this year -- it is by far the most important.
    Unlike the Toronto 11 defendants, Khawaja is allegedly linked to a
    global terror plot whose members had ties to al-Qaeda, and he is
    alleged to have undergone terrorist training in camps in Pakistan,
    making his case of international interest.

    ¶6. (SBU) Comment: The conviction of Khawaja's alleged conspirators
    in Britain, and the four-year delay in bringing him to trial in
    Canada, has raised the stakes for the Royal Canadian Mounted Police,
    the Canadian Security and Intelligence Service, and Crown
    prosecutors in securing Canada's first terrorist conviction,
    prompting questions about whether Canada is capable of mounting a
    timely and successful prosecution.  The trial has already, and will
    continue to, challenge the ability of government officials and the
    judiciary to find the right balance between protecting citizens'
    civil rights and securing Canada from terrorist threats.  Further,
    expert observers (such as Canadian international security analyst
    Wesley Wark) have noted that Canadian security agencies are heavily
    dependent on foreign intelligence, and that friendly intelligence
    services are watching the case with interest to see whether Canada
    follows through on prior assurances to protect the confidentiality
    of sensitive material when introducing foreign intelligence products
    in open court.
    WILKINS

`