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### Viewing cable 05GUAYAQUIL257, GUAYAQUIL'S AUTONOMY MOVEMENT GAINS MOMENTUM

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
05GUAYAQUIL257 | 2005-02-28 22:10 | 2011-05-02 00:12 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Consulate Guayaquil

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 GUAYAQUIL 000257

    SIPDIS

    SENSITIVE

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PGOV ASEC EC
    SUBJECT: GUAYAQUIL'S AUTONOMY MOVEMENT GAINS MOMENTUM

    REF: GUAYAQUIL 00132

    ¶1. (U) Summary: Calls for greater autonomy and even
    independence for Guayaquil during last month's "Marcha
    Blanca," (reftel) while raising awareness about the
    issue, are not galvanizing local leaders to take their
    efforts national. Rather than an all-encompassing reform
    that is sent down from Quito, Guayaquil civic leaders
    and local government officials alike prefer a more
    gradual approach, gaining increased municipal authority
    one public service sector at a time.  Ramiro Gonzalez,
    the prefect from Pichincha, may be calling for a nation-
    wide plan to enhance provincial autonomy, but here in
    Guayaquil authorities are content to look after their
    own.  End Summary

    ---------------------------------
    AUTONOMY'S SLOW BUT STEADY COURSE
    ---------------------------------

    ¶2. (U) Autonomy is not a new issue in Guayaquil.  The
    call for greater self-sufficiency in this independent-
    minded city can be traced back to when Leon Febres-
    Cordero served as mayor (1992-2000).  Seeking mechanisms
    to breathe life back into the dilapidated city he
    inherited from the PRE party, his administration created
    a series of foundations to carry out public works
    projects and reforms, effectively bypassing central
    government control of purse strings and bureaucratic
    approval processes.  Under Mayor Jaime Nebot (2000-
    present), such actions continue with noteworthy success
    and international recognition.  At the national level,
    Guayaquil congressman Juan Jose Illingworth, who served
    from 1996 to 2000, made autonomy his number one
    priority, drafting and ultimately getting passed a
    decentralization law that designated 15% of the national
    budget to the  provinces (70% of which goes directly to
    the municipal governments).

    ¶3. (U) In 2000, a national referendum included a
    question as to whether municipalities should be afforded
    greater independence from the central government.  Five
    large provinces voted for the change, including Guayas,
    but the proposal never made it to Congress.  Meanwhile,
    Guayaquil continued to look for ways within existing
    laws to exert more authority over public services and
    works projects.  The city's efforts were significantly
    aided in September 2004 with Congress's amendment to the
    Municipal Regimen Reform law.  This amendment calls for
    strengthening financial and administrative autonomy in
    areas that would benefit from direct intervention at the
    local level, as long as they do not conflict with clear
    areas of responsibility of the central government.
    Nebot referenced this amendment in his efforts to
    utilize private security companies to help address the
    city's critical crime problem. (reftel)

    --------------------------------------------- ---
    WAVE OF POPULARITY WILL NOT CHANGE CITY'S COURSE
    --------------------------------------------- ---

    ¶4. (SBU) In a 22 February meeting with PolOff and
    PolAsst, former Congressman and civic activist Juan Jose
    Illingworth described how he and a group of like-minded
    citizens have spent the last several years seeking low
    profile ways to influence moves towards autonomy.  He
    stated that recently they have changed tactics to bring
    greater public attention to the issue, by publishing a
    manifesto in the city's most important newspapers, and
    by carrying an autonomy banner in January's 'Marcha
    Blanca' demonstration in Guayaquil. (reftel)  He added
    that they are also working with the Chambers of Commerce
    and Production to bring speakers to Guayaquil, including
    Bolivian autonomy leader Ruben Costas in early March,
    and in April Jordi Pujol, who has worked on autonomy
    issues in Spain.  According to Illingworth, Nebot is
    beginning to embrace this issue more completely, and
    expects that considerable strides will be made in the
    next six months in the direction of autonomy.

    ¶5. (U)  Guayaquil's vice mayor, Luis Chiriboga, on 23
    February confirmed that the mayor's office has been
    working towards autonomy for many years.  It began with
    the city's regeneration projects and expanded to include
    enterprises such as the airport and public security.  In
    the last month, the municipality sent requests to the
    central government for the right to bring the local fire
    department under their purview and for partial transfer
    of the sewage system projects.  The vice mayor mentioned
    that they are also investigating a manner in which they
    can gain control of social security services and the
    civil registry.

    ¶6. (U) Overall, Chiriboga echoed other local officials
    in stating that Guayaquil had taken a deliberate
    approach to reform.  However, he also emphasized that
    city officials have no intention of ramping up efforts
    to transform this into a national campaign or tackling
    areas such as education and health.  In a conversation
    with Consul General, Guayas Prefect Nicolas Lapenti
    reiterated this position, saying that he opposes the
    Pichincha prefect's call for sweeping, accelerated
    change, stressing that the country must first implement
    existing decentralization plans.

    ¶7. (U) While the mayor's office recognizes the popular
    swell that autonomy is riding after the city's
    successful civic pride march, the vice mayor added that
    Nebot will continue to focus his efforts locally and to
    work within existing legislation.  Chiriboga
    acknowledged that Guayaquil has been approached by
    authorities from other cities, who are interested in
    utilizing similar methods to gain control over key
    public services.  However, he stated that Guayaquil is
    not looking to join forces with their counterparts in
    other provinces.

    ¶8. (SBU) Comment:  While other mayors and prefects are
    renewing calls for autonomy nation-wide, Guayaquil
    leaders are not rising to the bait, at least for now.
    Their success in turning Guayaquil from an eyesore into
    an admirable example of urban renewal, both
    administratively and physically, is born out of their
    methodical approach to carry out their plans.  As such,
    they are not inclined to rock the boat by taking
    autonomy national.  Illingworth described Nebot as being
    a separatist at heart, but at the same time it appears
    the mayor is not going to risk what he has gained thus
    far by publicly advocating radical reform on a national
    scale.  We are sure to hear more on the autonomy issue
    as this movement gains more steam.  End comment.

    HERBERT

`