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### Viewing cable 10CAIRO211, Tenth Annual Trafficking In Persons (TIP) Report - Cairo

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
10CAIRO211 | 2010-02-16 15:03 | 2011-02-16 21:09 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Cairo

`

    VZCZCXRO4573
    OO RUEHROV
    DE RUEHEG #0211/01 0471508
    ZNR UUUUU ZZH
    O R 161508Z FEB 10
    FM AMEMBASSY CAIRO
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 0264
    INFO ARAB ISRAELI COLLECTIVE
    RHEHAAA/NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC
    RHMFIUU/DEPT OF HOMELAND SECURITY WASHINGTON DC
    RHMFIUU/DEPT OF JUSTICE WASHINGTON DC
    RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHINGTON DC
    RUEHC/DEPT OF LABOR WASHINGTON DC

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 10 CAIRO 000211

    SENSITIVE
    SIPDIS
    PASS TO G/TIP, NEA/RA, NEA/ELA, INL, DRL, PRM, USAID, AND G LAURA PENA

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: ELAB KTIP KCRM PGOV PREF PHUM KFRD KWMN KMCA SMIG
    ASEC, EAID, EG
    SUBJECT: Tenth Annual Trafficking In Persons (TIP) Report - Cairo
    Submission

    REF: 10 STATE 2094

    ¶1. (U) This cable contains U.S. Embassy Cairo's response to
    Trafficking in Persons (TIP) contribution requirements (reftel A).
    The following text contains responses to paragraphs 23-29 in the
    original tasking cable.

    ¶2. (U) THE COUNTRY'S TIP SITUATION:

    -- A.   Available sources of information include the press, the
    Egyptian government, UN organizations, and independent TIP experts.
    We regularly discuss TIP with officials in the Egyptian Ministry of
    Foreign Affairs (MFA), Ministry of State for Family and Population
    (MSFP), the Public Prosecutor's Office, the Ministry of Justice,
    the International Organization for Migration and UNICEF.

    In 2010, the National Council for Childhood and Motherhood (NCCM) -
    a unit of the MSFP - conducted a study of "summer marriages," a
    practice whereby Egyptian girls and young women enter into
    short-term marriages with tourists, many from other Arab countries.
    In conjunction with the release of the study, the NCCM launched a
    media campaign to raise societal and government awareness of the
    practice, including establishing a "hotline" for reporting
    instances of the practice and to counsel victims.

    In 2010, the National Commission for Combating Trafficking in
    Persons, composed of 16 agencies in the Government, entered into an
    agreement with various UN agencies to provide financial support to
    the National Center for Criminological and Social Research's
    efforts to carry out a comprehensive study on TIP to determine the
    nature and scope of the problem in Egypt.  The anticipated
    completion date for the study is the fall of 2010.

    Our sources are generally reliable, but several are likely to
    reflect the government's view of the situation.

    -- B. Egypt is a country of origin for street children and others
    trafficked domestically and there are reports that Egypt is used as
    a transit country for Eastern European women being trafficked to
    Israel.

    Trafficking occurs within the country's borders, but does not occur
    in territories outside the government's control.  Street children
    are the most vulnerable population.  Street children are trafficked
    locally where they may be forced to beg and participate in
    prostitution.  Some independent analysts estimated that there may
    be as many as one million street children in Egypt.  Government
    experts believe the number to be lower and cite a study conducted
    by the government in 2009, with financial and technical assistance
    from the World Bank and the Arab Urban Development Institute, which
    identified approximately 5200 street children in central Cairo.

    There are many cases of child marriages where poor families, often
    living in villages, marry their daughters -some below 18, the legal
    age of marriage - to older men from the Arabian Gulf in return for
    money, which is used to assist the families financially. There are
    no statistics on the scope of this practice.  Children are subject
    to domestic servitude, but there are no reliable statistics.
    Children are also recruited for seasonal agricultural work.  Some
    children employed in domestic and agricultural work may face
    conditions of involuntary servitude, restrictions on movement,
    non-payment of wages, threats, and physical or sexual abuse.
    Instances of child sex tourism are reported in Cairo, Alexandria
    and Luxor. There have been no changes in destinations for
    trafficking.

    CAIRO 00000211  002 OF 010

    The Government of Egypt does not fully comply with minimum
    standards for the elimination of trafficking, but is undertaking
    significant actions to do so. In July 2007, the government
    established the National Coordinating Committee to Combat and
    Prevent Trafficking in Persons which improved inter-governmental
    coordination on anti-trafficking initiatives. In 2009, the
    Committee completed drafting a comprehensive law to criminalize all
    forms of trafficking in persons. The draft is currently under
    consideration by Egypt's Parliament, and Egypt's ruling National
    Democratic Party announced in November 2009 that passage of the law
    is one of the party's priorities for the 2009-2010 legislative
    session.

    The Egyptian Government in June 2008 passed amendments to its Child
    Law, which criminalized trafficking of children.  In 2009, two
    marriage registrars were prosecuted under the law for facilitating
    marriages of hundreds of under-age Egyptian girls, primarily to
    foreigners.  An additional 22 registrars were arrested and are
    reportedly under investigation by Egypt's Public Prosecutor for
    facilitating hundreds of other marriages, in violation of the Child
    Law.  In early 2010, five people were arrested for facilitating an
    under-age marriage including the victim's parents, the "husband," a
    marriage "broker" and the registrar.

    Since the passage of the Child Law amendments, the Public
    Prosecutor's office conducted training for 125 prosecutors working
    on children's cases.  The three-day training program, organized
    with the assistance of USAID, defined trafficking in children,
    addressed prosecutor responsibilities for protecting child victims,
    educated prosecutors about street children, and addressed the need
    to provide health and psychological care for child victims. The
    Public Prosecutor's office prepared a handbook that was distributed
    to all prosecutors working with children, which explains how to use
    the child law amendments to prosecute cases.

    In 2008, the National Committee for Childhood and Motherhood (NCCM)
    formed a special anti-trafficking unit using USD 1 million in USAID
    funds made available through the Ministry of International
    Cooperation.  The establishment of this unit strengthened measures
    to prevent and combat trafficking in children through:  1)
    legislative reform, 2) capacity building of governmental and civil
    society organizations to address issues related to child
    trafficking; 3) raising public awareness and community
    responsibility; 4) establishing a mechanism for data collection and
    analysis; and 5) protecting and rehabilitating children at risk and
    their families. NCCM's TIP Unit will also develop a national plan
    of action to combat child trafficking. The unit's goal is to
    provide protection and assistance to victims and children at risk,
    rehabilitate victims of trafficking, provide training and
    awareness, establish a database and coordinate activities of
    governmental and non governmental bodies.  The National Council for
    Women also established a special unit for TIP to push for policies
    to protect women from becoming trafficking victims.

    -- C. The conditions that people are trafficked into depend on the
    type of trafficking. Street children remain on the streets, but are
    subject to abuse. There are reports that women from Eastern Europe
    are moved from Cairo to the Sinai Peninsula and then to Israel.
    Such reports are difficult to verify.

    -- D. Street children, young females from economically
    underprivileged families, female refugees, and Eastern European
    females going to Israel through Egypt are most at risk of being
    trafficked.

    -- E. Traffickers are street children, family members, marriage

    CAIRO 00000211  003 OF 010

    brokers, and external organized crime groups (i.e. purportedly
    moving women from Eastern Europe through Egypt to Israel). Victims
    in Egypt are usually trafficked because they are vulnerable and
    lack the ability to protect themselves, such as street children,
    young girls from impoverished families, and refugees. Traffickers
    may use money as a motivation for trafficking. In the case of early
    marriages, young females (some, but not all, below the legal
    marriage age) may accept marriage to older men, often from the
    Gulf, in return for financial assistance to themselves and their
    families. In the case of street children, traffickers may approach
    potential victims to make them part of the group or the gang. There
    are no national or official agencies that traffic victims.

    ¶3. (U) SETTING THE SCENE FOR THE GOVERNMENT'S ANTI-TIP EFFORTS:

    -- A.   The government now recognizes the trafficking of street
    children and "summer" marriages as domestic slavery issues.
    Government officials previously noted that Egypt has been used as a
    transit country for Eastern European women trafficked to Israel.
    The government will host the first visit to Egypt by the UN Special
    Rapportuer on Trafficking in Person's in April 2010.

    -- B. Multiple government agencies are involved in anti-trafficking
    efforts especially under the auspices of the National Coordinating
    Committee to Combat and Prevent Trafficking in Persons. The lead
    agency for the Committee is the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
    However, 15 agencies are also involved including the Ministry of
    Justice, Public Prosecutor's Office, the National Council for
    Childhood and Motherhood, National Council for Criminological and
    Social Studies, Ministry of Interior, Ministry of Social
    Solidarity, Ministry of Tourism, Ministry of Health, Ministry of
    Information, Ministry of Manpower and Migration, Ministry of
    Education and the National Council for Women.

    -- C. The lack of financial resources is a significant impediment
    to the implementation of trafficking laws.

    Additionally, the lack of training for first responders (police)
    has impeded implementation, although in 2008 and 2009 IOM and
    Egypt's Ministry of Interior collaborated to provide TIP training
    to police officials.  Prosecutors and judges could also use
    training to help prosecute cases under trafficking laws, although
    in 2009 the Public Prosecutor's office successfully prosecuted two
    cases involving marriage registrars and a case involving
    prostitution and street children.

    Egypt lacks data and statistics on the nature and scope of
    trafficking, although in 2009, as discussed above, the government,
    in cooperation with UN agencies, initiated a national study to
    evaluate the scope of the issue.  Overall corruption is a problem,
    but it is not directly related to trafficking in persons.  The
    government lacks resources to aid victims, but in 2009, in
    cooperation with the IOM, the Ministry of Health allocated public
    hospital facilities and personnel to establish a trafficking
    victim's resource center.  Egypt's Ministry of State for Family and
    Population (MSFP), working with NGOs, established in August 2009 in
    Cairo's low-income Dar Al Salaam area a rehabilitation center for
    victims of child trafficking.

    -- D. The government does not systematically monitor
    anti-trafficking efforts in terms of prosecution, prevention and
    protection.

    --E.  The government has a well-developed birth registration and
    national identity card system.  The 2008 Child Law amendments

    CAIRO 00000211  004 OF 010

    addressed an inadequacy in the system by facilitating the
    registration of births out of wedlock.  The NCCM has a national
    program to encourage poor, rural families to register births.

    --F.  The government is unable to systematically maintain and
    gather data on TIP and related prosecutions, in part because of the
    lack of comprehensive legislation.  Local TIP experts rely on
    anecdotal and press accounts of prosecutions.

    ¶4. (U) INVESTIGATION AND PROSECUTION OF TRAFFICKERS:

    -- A. The Child law: Enacted in 1996. It was law no. 12 of 1996 and
    amended to law number 126 of 2008

    Child Law Amendments:

    Article 7 to penal code provision no. 291:  Violating the rights of
    a child to be protected from trafficking is unlawful. This includes
    trafficking, sexual abuse, commercial or economic abuse and use of
    a child in research and scientific experiments. Whoever sells, buys
    or presents a child for sale, and whoever sells the child as a
    slave, assaults a child sexually or commercially or uses a child in
    forced labor or for any illegal gains is punishable by at least 5
    years of imprisonment and a fine no less than 50,000 LE and not
    more than 200,000 LE. (USD 9,000-36,000). The penalty applies even
    if the act was committed abroad.  The same penalty applies on those
    who incite such acts even if the crime was not committed based on
    this incitement.  The penalty is multiplied if committed by an
    organized transnational crime group.

    Child Law

    Article 64: Takes into consideration the non-violation of provision
    18(b) of the Education Law no 139 of 1981. It is unlawful to employ
    a child under the age of 15 and it is unlawful to train a child
    before reaching the age of 13. The Governor of a specific
    Governorate can ask the Minister of Education to permit children
    aged 12-14 to engage in seasonal work  as long as it does not
    affect the children's health, growth and school attendance.

    Article 65: It is unlawful to employ a child in any work that can
    by its nature or its conditions risk the health, well-being or
    morality of a child. It is particularly unlawful to employ a child
    in the worst forms of child labor as stipulated in the agreement
    number 182 of 1999. A child should be subject to medical check-up
    before employment. The medical check-up should be conducted at
    least once a year. The employment must not lead to pain, physical
    or psychological impairments to the child and not deprive a child
    from the right to education, leisure, development. The employer is
    obligated to provide health insurance for the child and to protect
    him/her from any harm that could take place during work. A child's
    annual leave is 7 days longer than adults and should not be delayed
    or canceled.

    Article 66: A child should not be employed for more than 6 hours a
    day and there should be at least one break for lunch or rest for at
    least one hour during the day. A child should not work for more
    than 4 hours consecutively. A child should not work overtime or
    during weekly or official holidays.

    Prostitution law:  Enacted in 1961 and called the Law for Combating

    CAIRO 00000211  005 OF 010

    Prostitution.

    Prostitution Law:

    Article 1(a):  Any person who incites a male or a female to
    practice debauchery or prostitution or tempts them to engage in
    these practices is punished with a minimum of one year of
    imprisonment and a maximum of three years, and a fine between 100
    LE and 300 LE (USD 18-55).

    Article 1 (b): If the victim is below 21 years of age the
    imprisonment should be at least one year and maximum five years.
    The same penalty applies to any individual who uses, deceives, or
    encourages a male or a female to commit debauchery or prostitution
    through deception, force, threat, misuse of authority or any means
    of coercion. The penalty also applies to whoever keeps a male or a
    female without their consent in a place for prostitution or
    debauchery.

    Article 3: Whoever incites or facilitates a male or a female below
    the age of 21 to travel outside Egypt to work in debauchery or
    prostitution is punished by imprisonment of at least one year and
    at most five years, and a fine between 100 LE and 500 LE. (USD
    18-91).

    Article 9: Imprisonment of at least three months and a maximum of
    three years, and a fine between 25 LE to 300 LE (USD 5-55) applies
    to:

    Any person who rents or provides a place for prostitution or
    debauchery.

    Any person who furnishes a venue that facilitates prostitution or
    debauchery whether with the person's consent or by allowing others
    to encourage prostitution or debauchery.

    Any person who habitually practices debauchery or prostitution.

    When arrested, the person may be sent for medical examination. If
    the person proves to have any venereal infectious diseases, he/she
    will be kept in a medical facility until he/she heals from the
    disease. A verdict maybe issued to put the convicted person in a
    special institution after serving the sentence until an
    administrative entity orders his/her release.  However, the person
    may not be kept more than three years.

    Venues used for prostitution or debauchery will be closed. The
    closing duration should not exceed three months.

    On June 7, 2008, Egypt passed amendments to the current Child Law
    criminalizing the trafficking of children. Under the child law
    amendments, an individual who sells, buys, or offers a child for
    sale may be sentenced to at least five years' imprisonment and
    fined up to LE 200,000 ($36,000).

    A Ministry of Justice decree bans marriages of Egyptian girls to
    foreigners, if the age gap is more than 25 years.  The government
    prosecutes trafficking-related cases under laws prohibiting
    commercial sexual exploitation, with penalties of up to seven years

    CAIRO 00000211  006 OF 010

    imprisonment and forced labor.

    The government has drafted and submitted to Parliament a
    comprehensive trafficking law.  The law will criminalize all forms
    of trafficking in persons and will define all people as possible
    victims, not just children.

    -- B. Prostitution law:  Enacted in 1961 and called the Law for
    Combating Prostitution.

    Prostitution Law:

    Article 1(a):  Any person who incites a male or a female to
    practice debauchery or prostitution or tempts them to engage in
    these practices is punished with a minimum of one year of
    imprisonment and a maximum of three years, and a fine between 100
    LE and 300 LE (USD 18-55).

    Article 1 (b): If the victim is below 21 years of age the
    imprisonment should be at least one year and maximum five years.
    The same penalty applies to any individual who uses, deceives, or
    encourages a male or a female to commit debauchery or prostitution
    through deception, force, threat, misuse of authority or any means
    of coercion. The penalty also applies to whoever keeps a male or a
    female without their consent in a place for prostitution or
    debauchery.

    Article 3: Whoever incites or facilitates a male or a female below
    the age of 21 to travel outside Egypt to work in debauchery or
    prostitution is punished by imprisonment of at least one year and
    at most five years, and a fine between 100 LE and 500 LE. (USD
    18-91).

    Article 9: Imprisonment of at least three months and a maximum of
    three years, and a fine between 25 LE to 300 LE (USD 5-55) applies
    to:

    Any person who rents or provides a place for prostitution or
    debauchery.

    Any person who furnishes a venue that facilitates prostitution or
    debauchery whether with the person's consent or by allowing others
    to encourage prostitution or debauchery.

    Any person who habitually practices debauchery or prostitution.

    When arrested, the person may be sent for medical examination. If
    the person proves to have any venereal infectious diseases, he/she
    will be kept in a medical facility until he/she heals from the
    disease. A verdict maybe issued to put the convicted person in a
    special institution after serving the sentence until an
    administrative entity orders his/her release.  However, the person
    may not be kept more than three years.

    Venues for prostitution or debauchery will be closed.  The closing
    duration should not exceed three months.

    CAIRO 00000211  007 OF 010

    -- C. The Unified Labor Law does not define "forced labor."
    Therefore, there are no specific provisions against it.  The
    Egyptian Government investigates labor recruiters and agents.  If
    there is any wrongdoing, the case may be referred for prosecution
    under various penal code provisions, including "swindling." There
    are occasional reports of confiscation of passports of foreign
    workers, although such reports are limited because, according to
    independent TIP experts, Egypt's large labor force and low wages
    makes Egypt a relatively unattractive destination for labor
    migrants and there is no formal labor sponsorship (Kafala) system
    in the country.

    -- D.  Those who exploit, use or incite victims under 21-years old
    to practice prostitution shall be sentenced to not less than one
    year and not more than five years imprisonment.  Anyone who uses
    any means of coercion, threat, or abuses this authority over the
    victim in order to exploit him/her sexually shall be subject to not
    less than one year and not more than seven years in prison. The
    maximum penalty level of seven years imprisonment is used if the
    perpetrators committed crimes against two or more victims.
    According to article 267 of the Penal Code, rape is punishable by
    15 years in prison if the perpetrator uses any means for coercion
    or threat, 25 years in prison if committed by family member or
    guardian, and death if accompanied by the abduction of the victim.

    -- E. Since May 2009, there have been a number of high profile
    prosecutions for trafficking related offenses.  In May 2009, an
    Alexandria court, using the 2008 amendment to Egypt's Child Law and
    other penal code provisions, convicted two men of forcing eight
    street children into prostitution.  The court sentenced one
    trafficker to life and the other to fifteen years in prison.  In
    October 2009, Egyptian courts, also using the 2008 Child Law
    amendments, convicted and sentenced to prison two marriage
    registrars for illegally facilitating the marriages of more than
    100 under-age girls to foreign men (ref B).

    In November, local press reported that as part of an on-going
    investigation into under-age marriages, an additional 21 marriage
    registrars - suspected of illegally recording over 800 such
    marriages in 2009 - had been arrested.

    In February, the Public Prosecutor initiated criminal proceedings
    against five suspects for facilitating the marriage of an under-age
    girl to an older man from Saudi Arabia.  The defendants include the
    victims' parents, the Saudi "husband," a marriage "broker," and a
    lawyer who facilitated the marriage.  All were reportedly charged
    with violating the Child Law.

    -- F. During the year, the NCCM continued to provide TIP training
    to government employees.  NCCM's TIP Unit trained an estimated 500
    prosecutors, judges, police officers Ministry of Tourism employees,
    police officers, labor inspectors and social workers.

    --G. The Prosecutor General told us that the Egyptian government
    will cooperate with other governments in the investigation and
    prosecution of trafficking cases.

    --H. The government provided no specific information on
    extraditions.

    -- I. There is no evidence of government involvement in or
    tolerance of trafficking, on a local or institutional level.

    CAIRO 00000211  008 OF 010

    -- J. There is no evidence government officials are involved in
    trafficking.

    --K.  There were no allegations that Egyptian peacekeepers were
    involved in trafficking.

    -- L.   There are anecdotal reports from independent experts of
    child sex tourism in Cairo, Alexandria, and Luxor but no statistics
    are available.  There are no reports of Egyptians involved in
    extraterritorial sex tourism.

    ¶5. (U) PROTECTION AND ASSISTANCE TO VICTIMS:

    -- A.  The Government is constrained by lack of resources. There is
    a medical file started for each child victim.  The Ministry of
    Social Solidarity and NGO's provide basic health care for victims.
    El Orman Orphanage, a private facility operated by an NGO, houses
    children in need of protection.

    -- B.  There are care facilities, although resources may not be
    sufficient to meet the needs of all victims. In 2009, the Ministry
    of Health (MoH) entered into an agreement with the IOM to establish
    a trafficking victim's care center in a Cairo public hospital,
    staffed with MoH employees trained in identifying and assisting
    trafficking victims.  The center, due to open in March 2010, will
    serve as a pilot for other centers and will provide care to both
    domestic and foreign trafficking victims.   Egypt's Ministry of
    State for Family and Population (MSFP), working with NGOs,
    established in August 2009 in Cairo's low-income Dar Al Salaam area
    a rehabilitation center for victims of child trafficking.

    The Ministry of Social Solidarity provides shelters, but they are
    only open during the day, and do not provide residence for victims
    at night. Juvenile detention centers are in bad condition, and
    juveniles may be subject to incarceration with adults.

    Street children generally refuse to stay in shelters. Child victims
    may also be referred to their guardians. Egypt's Ministry of State
    for Family and Population (MSFP), working with local NGOs,
    established in August 2009 in Cairo's low-income Dar Al Salaam area
    a rehabilitation center for victims of child trafficking.

    The Ministry of Social Solidarity offers day-time shelters.  In
    2008, NCCM launched a special center for rehabilitation of victims
    of trafficking in persons. Other public shelters such as Hope
    Village provide assistance to victims.   NCCM also operates a free
    hotline that operates 24 hours per day, 365 days per year.  Street
    children and victims of violence and abuse can call to receive
    assistance.

    -- C.  The Ministry of Social Solidarity and NGO's provide basic
    health care for victims.  NCCM receives partial funding from the
    government, but it is a quasi-governmental body.

    -- D. Foreign trafficking victims may be returned to their
    countries of origin through their embassies in Cairo, but they are
    not treated as criminals.

    CAIRO 00000211  009 OF 010

    -- E. The government does not provide longer-term sheltering or
    housing benefits to victims.  It also does not currently provide
    resources to aid the victims in rebuilding their lives, although
    the MOH is scheduled to open a treatment center for victims in
    March 2010.

    -- F. The government does not have a formal referral process to
    transfer victims detained, arrested, or placed in protective
    custody by law enforcement authorities to institutions that provide
    short- or long-term care.  However, according to the government
    judges may make such referrals.

    -- G. There are no estimates on the number of trafficking victims.
    Some independent experts estimate that there may be as many as one
    million street children in Egypt who are potentially at risk for
    trafficking, but there are no statistics on the actual trafficking
    cases among street children or other forms of trafficking.   The
    government is currently carrying out a comprehensive study,
    scheduled for completion in fall 2009, to determine the scope of
    human trafficking.

    -- H. The government's law enforcement, immigration, and social
    services personnel do not have a formal system of proactively
    identifying victims of trafficking.  However, in 2008 and 2009, the
    IOM conducted trafficking victim identification training programs
    for officials of Egypt's State Security Investigative Service.

    -- I. There is an effort under way to educate police and first
    responders to the need to respect the rights of and protect victims
    of trafficking.  The IOM's training of police and the Prosecutor
    General's Handbook are two examples of this effort.  However, in
    practice street children and prostitutes may be treated as
    criminals rather than victims especially by the security apparatus.

    -- J. The government encourages street children to assist in the
    investigation and prosecution of trafficking offenses. However, in
    other cases the government may not push victims to testify due to
    familial and societal ramifications.

    -- K. NCCM TIP Unit began training for government officials on TIP
    focusing on prosecutors and judges. NCCM's TIP Unit also completed
    a manual to spread awareness of the selling and trafficking of new
    born babies in hospitals.  NCCM will follow up with training to
    nurses, doctors and psycho-social specialists in hospitals.
    There is no immigration control for identification of potential
    victims at the airport.

    -- L. The government does not provide assistance, such as medical
    aid, shelter, or financial help, to its nationals who are
    repatriated as victims of trafficking.

    -- M.   IOM is working through the MOH with trafficking victims.
    UNICEF works with street children, who are at risk for becoming
    trafficking victims.

    ¶6. (U) PREVENTION:

    -- A. There is no organized campaign to prevent trafficking.
    However, there has been wide media reporting on trafficking in
    persons, much of it related to the efforts of First Lady Suzanne

    CAIRO 00000211  010 OF 010

    Mubarak.

    -- B. The government does not monitor immigration and emigration
    patterns for evidence of trafficking.

    -- C. The National Commission for Combating Trafficking in Persons
    led by Ministry of Foreign Affairs was established to coordinate
    and communicate between various agencies on the issue.  It has also
    been charged with drafting the comprehensive trafficking law.

    -- D. The National Commission and NCCM's TIP Unit both are
    formulating a national plan of action to address trafficking in
    persons. IOM and UN agencies have been included in the process.

    -- E: We have no information on government actions to reduce the
    demand for commercial sex acts.

    -- F. Egyptian nationals do not often participate as consumers in
    child sex trafficking.

    -- G. No Information.  However, we have no reports on Egyptian
    troops in UNAMID or UNMIS being involved in trafficking.

    ¶7. (U) Partnerships

    -- A.  First Lady Suzanne Mubarak - through her International
    Women's Peace Initiative - is a leader internationally in the fight
    against human trafficking.

    --B.  We are not aware off government efforts to assist other
    countries' anti-trafficking efforts.
    SCOBEY

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