Currently released so far... 97115 / 251,287
Articles
Brazil
Sri Lanka
United Kingdom
Sweden
00. Editorial
United States
Latin America
Egypt
Jordan
Yemen
Thailand
Browse latest releases
2010/12/01
2010/12/02
2010/12/03
2010/12/04
2010/12/05
2010/12/06
2010/12/07
2010/12/08
2010/12/09
2010/12/10
2010/12/11
2010/12/12
2010/12/13
2010/12/14
2010/12/15
2010/12/16
2010/12/17
2010/12/18
2010/12/19
2010/12/20
2010/12/21
2010/12/22
2010/12/23
2010/12/25
2010/12/26
2010/12/27
2010/12/28
2010/12/29
2010/12/30
2011/01/01
2011/01/02
2011/01/04
2011/01/05
2011/01/07
2011/01/09
2011/01/11
2011/01/12
2011/01/13
2011/01/14
2011/01/15
2011/01/16
2011/01/17
2011/01/18
2011/01/19
2011/01/20
2011/01/21
2011/01/22
2011/01/23
2011/01/24
2011/01/25
2011/01/26
2011/01/27
2011/01/28
2011/01/29
2011/01/30
2011/01/31
2011/02/01
2011/02/02
2011/02/03
2011/02/04
2011/02/05
2011/02/06
2011/02/07
2011/02/08
2011/02/09
2011/02/10
2011/02/11
2011/02/12
2011/02/13
2011/02/14
2011/02/15
2011/02/16
2011/02/17
2011/02/18
2011/02/19
2011/02/20
2011/02/21
2011/02/22
2011/02/23
2011/02/24
2011/02/25
2011/02/26
2011/02/27
2011/02/28
2011/03/01
2011/03/02
2011/03/03
2011/03/04
2011/03/05
2011/03/06
2011/03/07
2011/03/08
2011/03/09
2011/03/10
2011/03/11
2011/03/13
2011/03/14
2011/03/15
2011/03/16
2011/03/17
2011/03/18
2011/03/19
2011/03/20
2011/03/21
2011/03/22
2011/03/23
2011/03/24
2011/03/25
2011/03/26
2011/03/27
2011/03/28
2011/03/29
2011/03/30
2011/03/31
2011/04/01
2011/04/02
2011/04/03
2011/04/04
2011/04/05
2011/04/06
2011/04/07
2011/04/08
2011/04/09
2011/04/10
2011/04/11
2011/04/12
2011/04/13
2011/04/14
2011/04/15
2011/04/16
2011/04/17
2011/04/18
2011/04/19
2011/04/20
2011/04/21
2011/04/22
2011/04/23
2011/04/24
2011/04/25
2011/04/26
2011/04/27
2011/04/28
2011/04/29
2011/04/30
2011/05/01
2011/05/02
2011/05/03
2011/05/04
2011/05/05
2011/05/06
2011/05/07
2011/05/09
2011/05/10
2011/05/11
2011/05/12
2011/05/13
2011/05/14
2011/05/15
2011/05/16
2011/05/17
2011/05/18
2011/05/19
2011/05/20
2011/05/21
2011/05/22
2011/05/23
2011/05/24
2011/05/25
2011/05/26
2011/05/27
2011/05/28
2011/05/29
2011/05/30
2011/05/31
2011/06/01
2011/06/02
2011/06/03
2011/06/04
2011/06/05
2011/06/06
2011/06/07
2011/06/08
2011/06/09
2011/06/10
2011/06/11
2011/06/12
2011/06/13
2011/06/14
2011/06/15
2011/06/16
2011/06/17
2011/06/18
2011/06/19
2011/06/20
2011/06/21
2011/06/22
2011/06/23
2011/06/24
2011/06/25
2011/06/26
2011/06/27
2011/06/28
2011/06/29
2011/06/30
2011/07/01
2011/07/02
2011/07/04
2011/07/05
2011/07/06
2011/07/07
2011/07/08
2011/07/10
2011/07/11
2011/07/12
2011/07/13
2011/07/14
2011/07/15
2011/07/16
2011/07/17
2011/07/18
2011/07/19
2011/07/20
2011/07/21
2011/07/22
2011/07/23
2011/07/25
2011/07/27
2011/07/28
2011/07/29
2011/07/31
2011/08/01
2011/08/02
2011/08/03
2011/08/05
2011/08/06
2011/08/07
2011/08/08
2011/08/10
2011/08/11
2011/08/12
2011/08/13
2011/08/15
2011/08/16
2011/08/17
2011/08/19
2011/08/21
2011/08/22
2011/08/23
2011/08/24
2011/08/25
Browse by creation date
Browse by origin
Embassy Athens
Embassy Asuncion
Embassy Astana
Embassy Asmara
Embassy Ashgabat
Embassy Apia
Embassy Antananarivo
Embassy Ankara
Embassy Amman
Embassy Algiers
Embassy Addis Ababa
Embassy Accra
Embassy Abuja
Embassy Abu Dhabi
Embassy Abidjan
Consulate Auckland
Consulate Amsterdam
Consulate Alexandria
Consulate Adana
American Institute Taiwan, Taipei
Embasy Bonn
Embassy Bujumbura
Embassy Buenos Aires
Embassy Budapest
Embassy Bucharest
Embassy Brussels
Embassy Bridgetown
Embassy Brazzaville
Embassy Bratislava
Embassy Brasilia
Embassy Bogota
Embassy Bishkek
Embassy Bern
Embassy Berlin
Embassy Belmopan
Embassy Belgrade
Embassy Beirut
Embassy Beijing
Embassy Banjul
Embassy Bangui
Embassy Bangkok
Embassy Bandar Seri Begawan
Embassy Bamako
Embassy Baku
Embassy Baghdad
Consulate Belfast
Consulate Barcelona
Embassy Cotonou
Embassy Copenhagen
Embassy Conakry
Embassy Colombo
Embassy Chisinau
Embassy Caracas
Embassy Canberra
Embassy Cairo
Consulate Curacao
Consulate Ciudad Juarez
Consulate Chiang Mai
Consulate Chennai
Consulate Chengdu
Consulate Casablanca
Consulate Cape Town
Consulate Calgary
Embassy Dushanbe
Embassy Dublin
Embassy Doha
Embassy Djibouti
Embassy Dili
Embassy Dhaka
Embassy Dar Es Salaam
Embassy Damascus
Embassy Dakar
DIR FSINFATC
Consulate Dusseldorf
Consulate Durban
Consulate Dubai
Consulate Dhahran
Embassy Guatemala
Embassy Grenada
Embassy Georgetown
Embassy Gaborone
Consulate Guayaquil
Consulate Guangzhou
Consulate Guadalajara
Embassy Helsinki
Embassy Harare
Embassy Hanoi
Consulate Hong Kong
Consulate Ho Chi Minh City
Consulate Hermosillo
Consulate Hamilton
Consulate Hamburg
Consulate Halifax
Embassy Kyiv
Embassy Kuwait
Embassy Kuala Lumpur
Embassy Kolonia
Embassy Kinshasa
Embassy Kingston
Embassy Kigali
Embassy Khartoum
Embassy Kathmandu
Embassy Kampala
Embassy Kabul
Consulate Krakow
Consulate Kolkata
Consulate Karachi
Consulate Kaduna
Embassy Luxembourg
Embassy Lusaka
Embassy Luanda
Embassy London
Embassy Lome
Embassy Ljubljana
Embassy Lisbon
Embassy Lima
Embassy Lilongwe
Embassy Libreville
Embassy La Paz
Consulate Leipzig
Consulate Lahore
Consulate Lagos
Mission USOSCE
Mission USNATO
Mission UNESCO
Mission Geneva
Embassy Muscat
Embassy Moscow
Embassy Montevideo
Embassy Monrovia
Embassy Mogadishu
Embassy Minsk
Embassy Mexico
Embassy Mbabane
Embassy Maseru
Embassy Maputo
Embassy Manila
Embassy Manama
Embassy Managua
Embassy Malabo
Embassy Madrid
Consulate Munich
Consulate Mumbai
Consulate Montreal
Consulate Monterrey
Consulate Milan
Consulate Merida
Consulate Melbourne
Consulate Matamoros
Consulate Marseille
Embassy Nouakchott
Embassy Nicosia
Embassy Niamey
Embassy New Delhi
Embassy Ndjamena
Embassy Nassau
Embassy Nairobi
Consulate Nuevo Laredo
Consulate Naples
Consulate Naha
Consulate Nagoya
Embassy Pristina
Embassy Pretoria
Embassy Praia
Embassy Prague
Embassy Port Of Spain
Embassy Port Moresby
Embassy Port Louis
Embassy Port Au Prince
Embassy Podgorica
Embassy Phnom Penh
Embassy Paris
Embassy Paramaribo
Embassy Panama
Consulate Ponta Delgada
Consulate Peshawar
REO Mosul
REO Kirkuk
REO Hillah
REO Basrah
Embassy Rome
Embassy Riyadh
Embassy Riga
Embassy Reykjavik
Embassy Rangoon
Embassy Rabat
Consulate Rio De Janeiro
Consulate Recife
Secretary of State
Embassy Suva
Embassy Stockholm
Embassy Sofia
Embassy Skopje
Embassy Singapore
Embassy Seoul
Embassy Sarajevo
Embassy Santo Domingo
Embassy Santiago
Embassy Sanaa
Embassy San Salvador
Embassy San Jose
Consulate Surabaya
Consulate Strasbourg
Consulate St Petersburg
Consulate Shenyang
Consulate Shanghai
Consulate Sapporo
Consulate Sao Paulo
Embassy Tunis
Embassy Tripoli
Embassy Tokyo
Embassy Tirana
Embassy The Hague
Embassy Tel Aviv
Embassy Tehran
Embassy Tegucigalpa
Embassy Tbilisi
Embassy Tashkent
Embassy Tallinn
Consulate Toronto
Consulate Tijuana
Consulate Thessaloniki
USUN New York
USMISSION USTR GENEVA
USEU Brussels
US Office Almaty
US Mission Geneva
US Mission CD Geneva
US Interests Section Havana
US Delegation, Secretary
US Delegation FEST TWO
UNVIE
UN Rome
Embassy Ulaanbaatar
Embassy Vilnius
Embassy Vientiane
Embassy Vienna
Embassy Vatican
Embassy Valletta
Consulate Vladivostok
Consulate Vancouver
Browse by tag
AF
ADANA
ASEC
AFIN
AMGT
AE
AORC
AID
AR
AO
AU
ASEAN
AGOA
AFGHANISTAN
AFFAIRS
AMED
APER
ASECARP
APEC
AEMR
AS
AA
ANET
AFLU
ABLD
AL
ASUP
AJ
APECO
AMER
ABUD
AODE
AM
AFSN
AESC
AND
AG
ALOW
AROC
AVIANFLU
ATRN
ACOA
AEGR
AMGMT
AADP
AFSI
ACABQ
APRM
AZ
AIDS
ASE
AGAO
ADCO
ABDALLAH
ARF
AIDAC
ACOTA
ASCH
AC
ASEG
AGR
ACS
AMCHAMS
AN
AMIA
ASIG
ADPM
ADB
ANARCHISTS
ALOWAR
ARM
AUC
AINF
AINT
AORG
AY
AVIAN
AMEDCASCKFLO
AK
ARSO
ARABBL
ASO
ANTITERRORISM
ARABL
AOWC
AGRICULTURE
ALJAZEERA
AMTC
AFINM
AOCR
ABER
ARR
AFPK
ASSEMBLY
ASSK
AZE
AORCYM
AINR
AGMT
AEC
ACKM
APRC
AIN
ASCC
AFPREL
ASED
APERTH
ASFC
ASECTH
AFSA
AOMS
AORCO
ANTXON
ARC
AFAF
ADIP
AIAG
AFARI
AEMED
AORL
AX
ASECAF
AOPC
ASECAFIN
AFZAL
APCS
AMB
AGUIRRE
AEMRASECCASCKFLOMARRPRELPINRAMGTJMXL
AIT
ARCH
AMEX
ALI
AQ
ATFN
AMBASSADOR
AORCD
AVIATION
ARAS
AINFCY
ACBAQ
AOPR
AREP
ALEXANDER
ATRD
AEIR
AOIC
ABLDG
ASEX
AFR
ASCE
ATRA
ASEK
AER
ALOUNI
AMCT
AVERY
APR
AMAT
AEMRS
ASPA
AFU
AMG
ATPDEA
ALL
AECL
ACAO
ASECKFRDCVISKIRFPHUMSMIGEG
AORD
AFL
AME
ADM
ASECPHUM
AGIT
ABT
ASECVE
AGUILAR
AT
ABMC
ALZUGUREN
ANGEL
ASR
ANTONIO
BMGT
BEXP
BM
BG
BL
BA
BR
BTA
BO
BY
BBSR
BLUE
BK
BF
BTIO
BELLVIEW
BE
BU
BN
BH
BD
BC
BTC
BILAT
BT
BX
BRUSSELS
BP
BB
BRPA
BUSH
BURMA
BMENA
BESP
BIT
BBG
BGD
BMEAID
BAGHDAD
BEN
BIO
BMOT
BWC
BLUNT
BURNS
BUT
BGMT
BAIO
BCW
BOEHNER
BFIF
BOL
BASHAR
BIMSTEC
BOU
BIDEN
BZ
BFIN
BTRA
BI
BHUM
BOIKO
BERARDUCCI
BOUCHAIB
BORDER
BEXPC
BTIU
BTT
BIOS
BEXB
BGPGOV
BOND
BLR
CE
CG
CH
CVR
CASC
CU
CI
CD
CO
CDG
CB
CJAN
CPAS
COM
CVIS
CMGT
CT
CENTCOM
CNARC
CTERR
COUNTER
CHIEF
CDC
CTR
CBW
COUNTRY
CLEARANCE
CY
CA
CM
CS
CWC
CN
CITES
CF
CWG
CIVS
CFIS
CASCC
CROATIA
CONS
COUNTERTERRORISM
CASA
COE
CJ
CHR
CODEL
CR
CBC
CACS
CHERTOFF
CAS
CONTROL
CONDITIONS
CONDOLEEZZA
CITEL
CV
CLINTON
CHG
CZ
CON
CTBT
CEN
CRIMES
COMMERCE
CLOK
CRISTINA
CFED
CARC
CND
CTM
CARICOM
COUNTRYCLEARANCE
CBTH
CHINA
CSW
CICTE
CJUS
CYPRUS
CW
CAMBODIA
CENSUS
CIDA
CRIME
CBG
CBE
CMGMT
CAIO
CEC
CARSON
CPCTC
CEDAW
COMESA
CVIA
CWCM
CEA
COSI
CAPC
CGEN
COPUOS
CGOPRC
COETRD
CKGR
CFE
CQ
CITT
CIC
CARIB
CVIC
CLO
CAFTA
CVISU
CHRISTOPHER
CACM
CIAT
CDB
CIS
CUL
CHAO
CNC
CL
CSEP
COMMAND
CENTER
COL
CAN
CAJC
CUIS
CONSULAR
CLMT
CIA
CBSA
CEUDA
CAC
CROS
CIO
CPUOS
CKOR
CVPR
CONG
CONTROLS
CEPTER
CVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGKIRF
CDCE
DPOL
DEMARCHE
DHS
DR
DA
DISENGAGEMENT
DEMOCRATIC
DEFENSE
DJ
DY
DARFUR
DHRF
DEA
DTRO
DPRK
DO
DARFR
DOC
DRL
DK
DOJ
DTRA
DOMESTIC
DAC
DOD
DEAX
DIEZ
DEOC
DELTAVIOLENCE
DCOM
DMINE
DRC
DCG
DPKO
DOMESTICPOLITICS
DE
DB
DOT
DEPT
DOE
DHLAKAMA
DHSX
DS
DKEM
DAO
DCM
DANIEL
DEM
DAVID
DCRM
ETRD
EAGR
ETTC
EAID
ECON
EFIN
ECIN
EINV
ELAB
EAIR
ENRG
EPET
EWWT
ECPS
EIND
EMIN
ELTN
EC
ETMIN
EUC
EZ
ET
ELECTIONS
ENVR
EU
EUN
EG
EINT
ER
ECONOMICS
ES
EMS
ENIV
EEB
EN
ECE
ECOSOC
EK
ENVIRONMENT
EFIS
EI
EWT
ENGRD
ECPSN
EXIM
EIAD
ERIN
ECPC
EDEV
ENGY
ECTRD
EPA
ESTH
ECCT
EINVECON
ENGR
ERTD
EUR
EAP
EWWC
ELTD
EL
EXIMOPIC
EXTERNAL
ETRDEC
ESCAP
ECO
EGAD
ELNT
ECONOMIC
ENV
ETRN
EIAR
EUMEM
ENRGPARMOTRASENVKGHGPGOVECONTSPLEAID
EREL
ECOM
ECONETRDEAGRJA
ETCC
ETRG
ECONOMY
EMED
ETR
ENERG
EITC
EFINOECD
EURM
EENG
ERA
EXPORT
ENRD
ECONEINVETRDEFINELABETRDKTDBPGOVOPIC
EGEN
EBRD
EVIN
ETRAD
ECOWAS
EFTA
ECONETRDBESPAR
EGOVSY
EPIN
EID
ECONENRG
EDRC
ESENV
ETT
EB
ENER
ELTNSNAR
ECHEVARRIA
ETRC
EPIT
EDUC
ESA
EFI
ENRGY
ESCI
EE
EAIDXMXAXBXFFR
EETC
ECIP
EIAID
EIVN
EBEXP
ESTN
EING
EGOV
ETRA
EPETEIND
ELAN
ETRDGK
EAIDRW
ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS
EPEC
ENVI
ELN
EAG
EPCS
EPRT
EPTED
ETRB
EUM
EAIDS
EFIC
EFINECONEAIDUNGAGM
EAIDAR
ESF
EIDN
ELAM
EDU
EV
EAIDAF
ECN
EDA
EXBS
EINTECPS
ENRGTRGYETRDBEXPBTIOSZ
EPREL
EAC
EINVEFIN
ETA
EAGER
EINDIR
ECA
ECLAC
ELAP
EITI
EUCOM
ECONEFINETRDPGOVEAGRPTERKTFNKCRMEAID
EARG
ELDIN
EINVKSCA
ENNP
EFINECONCS
EFINTS
ECCP
ETC
EAIRASECCASCID
EINN
ETRP
EAIDNI
EFQ
ECOQKPKO
EGPHUM
EBUD
ECONEINVEFINPGOVIZ
ENERGY
ELB
EINDETRD
EMI
ECONEFIN
EIB
EURN
ETRDEINVTINTCS
EIN
EFIM
ETIO
ELAINE
EMN
EATO
EWTR
EIPR
EINVETC
ETTD
ETDR
EIQ
ECONCS
EPPD
ENRGIZ
EISL
ESPINOSA
ELEC
EAIG
ESLCO
EUREM
ENTG
ERD
EINVECONSENVCSJA
EEPET
EUNCH
ECINECONCS
ETRO
ETRDECONWTOCS
ECUN
EFND
EPECO
EAIRECONRP
ERGR
ETRDPGOV
ECPN
ENRGMO
EPWR
EET
EAIS
EAGRE
EDUARDO
EAGRRP
EAIDPHUMPRELUG
EICN
ECONQH
EVN
EGHG
ELBR
EINF
EAIDHO
EENV
ETEX
ERNG
ED
FR
FREEDOM
FINREF
FJ
FI
FRELIMO
FOREIGN
FAA
FETHI
FAS
FTAA
FRB
FAO
FCS
FINANCE
FWS
FTA
FEMA
FDA
FLU
FRANCISCO
FBI
FORCE
FO
FARC
FK
FT
FCSC
FAC
FM
FMGT
FINV
FCSCEG
FARM
FERNANDO
FINR
FIN
FINE
FIR
FDIC
FOR
FOI
FCUL
FKLU
FMLN
FISO
FIXED
GM
GMUS
GG
GR
GE
GAZA
GT
GH
GZ
GJ
GLOBAL
GV
GABY
GOI
GA
GCC
GB
GY
GATT
GC
GUAM
GEORGE
GTIP
GOV
GOMEZ
GUTIERREZ
GL
GKGIC
GF
GU
GWI
GARCIA
GTMO
GN
GANGS
GIPNC
GAERC
GREGG
GUILLERMO
GASPAR
GERARD
GI
HK
HR
HUMANR
HUMAN
HO
HA
HUMANRIGHTS
HU
HHS
HIV
HUM
HRKAWC
HILLEN
HILLARY
HDP
HUMRIT
HSTC
HUMANITARIAN
HCOPIL
HADLEY
HURI
HL
HRETRD
HOURANI
HG
HARRIET
HESHAM
HI
HNCHR
HARRY
HRECON
HRC
HOSTAGES
HEBRON
HUMOR
HSWG
HYMPSK
HECTOR
HN
HYDE
HUD
HRPGOV
HIGHLIGHTS
ID
ILC
IS
IZ
ICAO
IMO
ITU
IR
IAEA
ICRC
IPROP
IT
IBRD
ISRAELI
IRAQI
ISSUES
ITRA
IV
IO
IGAD
IRAQ
IN
IMF
ICTR
ISCON
IADB
IDB
IEA
INR
IWC
ICCAT
ILO
INMARSAT
IOM
ICJ
IQ
ISPA
ITRD
IPR
INTELSAT
ISN
IAHRC
INTERNAL
IFAD
IICA
IHO
IRAN
IL
IRCE
IC
INTELLECTUAL
IRM
IE
ICTY
IDLI
IFO
ISCA
INF
INL
ISRAEL
INV
IBB
INFLUENZA
ISPL
ITER
ITIA
INRA
ISAF
IACHR
INTERPOL
IFR
IRS
INRB
IEF
ISAAC
ICC
INDO
IIP
IATTC
INAUGURATION
IND
INS
IZPREL
IACI
IEFIN
INNP
ILAB
IA
IMTS
ITALY
ITALIAN
IFIN
IRAJ
IX
ICG
IF
ITPHUM
ITA
IP
IACW
IK
IUCN
IZEAID
IRPE
IDA
ISLAMISTS
ITF
INRO
IBET
IDP
IRC
ISO
ICES
IRMO
ITPGOV
IQNV
IMSO
IRDB
IMET
INCB
IFRC
JA
JO
JP
JM
JCIC
JOHN
JE
JEFFERY
JS
JUS
JN
JOHNNIE
JAMES
JKUS
JOSEPH
JML
JAWAD
JSRP
JIMENEZ
JOSE
JKJUS
JK
JAPAN
KMDR
KPAO
KPKO
KJUS
KCRM
KGHG
KFRD
KWMN
KDEM
KTFN
KHIV
KGIC
KIDE
KSCA
KNNP
KHUM
KIPR
KSUM
KISL
KIRF
KCOR
KRCM
KPAL
KWBG
KN
KS
KOMC
KSEP
KFLU
KPWR
KTIA
KSEO
KMPI
KHLS
KICC
KSTH
KMCA
KVPR
KPRM
KE
KU
KZ
KFLO
KSAF
KTIP
KTEX
KBCT
KOCI
KOLY
KOR
KAWC
KACT
KUNR
KTDB
KSTC
KLIG
KSKN
KNN
KCFE
KCIP
KGHA
KHDP
KPOW
KUNC
KDRL
KV
KPREL
KCRS
KPOL
KRVC
KRIM
KGIT
KWIR
KT
KIRC
KOMO
KRFD
KUWAIT
KG
KFIN
KSCI
KTFIN
KFTN
KGOV
KPRV
KSAC
KGIV
KCRIM
KPIR
KSOC
KBIO
KW
KGLB
KMWN
KPO
KFSC
KSEAO
KSTCPL
KSI
KPRP
KREC
KFPC
KUNH
KCSA
KMRS
KNDP
KR
KICCPUR
KPPAO
KCSY
KTBT
KCIS
KNEP
KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG
KNNB
KGCC
KINR
KPOP
KMFO
KENV
KNAR
KVIR
KDRG
KDMR
KFCE
KNAO
KDEN
KGCN
KICA
KIMMITT
KMCC
KLFU
KMSG
KSEC
KUM
KCUL
KMNP
KSMT
KCOM
KOMCSG
KSPR
KPMI
KRAD
KIND
KCRP
KAUST
KWAWC
KTER
KCHG
KRDP
KPAS
KITA
KTSC
KPAOPREL
KWGB
KIRP
KJUST
KMIG
KLAB
KTFR
KSEI
KSTT
KAPO
KSTS
KLSO
KWNN
KPOA
KHSA
KNPP
KPAONZ
KBTS
KWWW
KY
KJRE
KPAOKMDRKE
KCRCM
KSCS
KWMNCI
KESO
KWUN
KPLS
KIIP
KEDEM
KPAOY
KRIF
KGICKS
KREF
KTRD
KFRDSOCIRO
KTAO
KJU
KWMNPHUMPRELKPAOZW
KEN
KO
KNEI
KEMR
KKIV
KEAI
KWAC
KRCIM
KWCI
KFIU
KWIC
KCORR
KOMS
KNNO
KPAI
KBWG
KTTB
KTBD
KTIALG
KILS
KFEM
KTDM
KESS
KNUC
KPA
KOMCCO
KCEM
KRCS
KWBGSY
KNPPIS
KNNPMNUC
KWN
KERG
KLTN
KALM
KCCP
KSUMPHUM
KREL
KGH
KLIP
KTLA
KAWK
KWMM
KVRP
KVRC
KAID
KSLG
KDEMK
KX
KIF
KNPR
KCFC
KFTFN
KTFM
KPDD
KCERS
KMOC
KDEMAF
KMEPI
KEMS
KDRM
KEPREL
KBTR
KEDU
KNP
KIRL
KNNR
KMPT
KISLPINR
KTPN
KA
KJUSTH
KPIN
KDEV
KTDD
KAKA
KFRP
KWNM
KTSD
KINL
KJUSKUNR
KWWMN
KECF
KWBC
KPRO
KVBL
KOM
KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG
KEDM
KFLD
KLPM
KRGY
KNNF
KICR
KIFR
KM
KWMNCS
KAWS
KLAP
KPAK
KDDG
KCGC
KID
KNSD
KMPF
KPFO
KDP
KCMR
KRMS
KNPT
KNNNP
KTIAPARM
KDTB
KNUP
KPGOV
KNAP
KNNC
KUK
KSRE
KREISLER
KIVP
KQ
KTIAEUN
KPALAOIS
KRM
KISLAO
KWM
KFLOA
LE
LU
LH
LA
LG
LO
LY
LANTERN
LI
LABOR
LORAN
LTTE
LT
LAS
LAB
LAW
LVPR
LARREA
LEBIK
LAURA
LS
LOTT
LOVE
LR
LEON
LAVIN
LGAT
LV
LAOS
LOG
LN
LB
MOPS
MO
MARR
ML
MASS
MZ
MR
MNUC
MX
MV
MCC
MY
MEDIA
MTCRE
MG
MCAP
MOPPS
MP
MI
MK
MC
MD
MA
MU
MASC
MW
MT
MEPP
MN
MTCR
MH
MEPI
MIL
MNUCPTEREZ
MMAR
MICHAEL
MUNC
MDC
MPOS
MONUC
MAR
MGMT
MAS
MEPN
MENDIETA
MARIA
MONTENEGRO
MOOPS
MSG
MARITIME
MURRAY
MUKASEY
MOTO
MCA
MFO
MEX
MRSEC
MMED
MACP
MAAR
MINUSTAH
MCCONNELL
MAPP
MGT
MARQUEZ
MANUEL
MNUR
MCCAIN
MF
MOHAMMAD
MOHAMED
MNU
MFA
MILITANTS
MINORITIES
MTS
MLS
MILI
MIAH
MEETINGS
MERCOSUR
MED
MARAD
MNVC
MINURSO
MNUCUN
MIK
MARK
MBM
MPP
MILITARY
MAPS
MNUK
MILA
MTRRE
MACEDONIA
MICHEL
MASSMNUC
MUCN
MQADHAFI
MPS
MARRGH
MRCRE
MTRE
MORALES
MAP
MCTRE
MHUC
MOPSGRPARM
MOROCCO
MCAPS
NL
NU
NS
NI
NPT
NATO
NO
NG
NATEU
NSF
NZ
NAS
NP
NDP
NLD
NGO
NEPAD
NAFTA
NASA
NEA
NGUYEN
NIH
NK
NIPP
NONE
NR
NANCY
NEGROPONTE
NRR
NERG
NSSP
NSG
NSFO
NE
NATSIOS
NFSO
NATIONAL
NTDB
NT
NCD
NTSB
NRC
NELSON
NAM
NH
NPG
NEC
NSC
NFATC
NMFS
NATOIRAQ
NAR
NZUS
NARC
NCCC
NA
NC
NEW
NRG
NUIN
NOVO
NATOPREL
NEY
NV
NICHOLAS
NPA
NW
NARCOTICS
NORAD
NOAA
NON
NTTC
NKNNP
NMNUC
NUMBERING
ODIP
OIIP
OPRC
OSCE
OREP
OTRA
OPET
OSCI
OVIP
OECD
OCII
OUALI
OPDC
OEXC
OFPD
OPIC
OFDP
OPCW
OECV
OAS
OM
OMIG
ODAG
OPREP
ORA
OIC
OEXCSCULKPAO
OIG
OASS
OFFICIALS
ORTA
OSAC
OIL
OIE
OEXP
OPEC
OPDAT
OMS
OES
OHI
OMAR
OCRA
OFSO
OCBD
OSTA
OAO
ONA
OTP
ORC
OAU
OXEC
OA
ODPC
OPDP
OVIPPRELUNGANU
OASC
OSHA
OPCD
OTR
OPPI
OPCR
OF
OFDPQIS
OSIC
OHUM
OSTRA
OASCC
OBSP
OFDA
OPICEAGR
OIM
OGAC
OTA
OTRAORP
OPPC
OESC
OCEA
OVP
ON
OPAD
OTAR
OCS
ODC
OTRD
OCED
OSD
ORUE
OREG
PHUM
PINR
PTER
PGOV
PREL
PREF
PL
PM
PHSA
PE
PARM
PINS
PK
PUNE
PO
PALESTINIAN
PU
PBTS
PROP
PTBS
POL
POLI
PA
PGOVZI
POLMIL
POLITICAL
PARTIES
POLM
PD
POLITICS
POLICY
PAS
PMIL
PINT
PNAT
PV
PKO
PPOL
PERSONS
PING
PBIO
PH
PETR
PARMS
PRES
PCON
PETERS
PRELBR
PT
PLAB
PP
PAK
PDEM
PKPA
PSOCI
PF
PLO
PTERM
PJUS
PSOE
PELOSI
PROPERTY
PGOVPREL
PARP
PRL
PNIR
PHUMKPAL
PG
PREZ
PGIC
PBOV
PAO
PKK
PROV
PHSAK
PHUMPREL
PROTECTION
PGOVBL
PSI
PRELPK
PGOVENRG
PUM
PRELKPKO
PATTY
PSOC
PRIVATIZATION
PRELSP
PGOVEAIDUKNOSWGMHUCANLLHFRSPITNZ
PMIG
PREC
PAIGH
PROG
PSHA
PARK
PETER
POG
PHUS
PPREL
PS
PTERPREL
PRELPGOV
POV
PKPO
PGOVECON
POUS
PGOVPRELPHUMPREFSMIGELABEAIDKCRMKWMN
PWBG
PMAR
PREM
PAR
PNR
PRELPGOVEAIDECONEINVBEXPSCULOIIPBTIO
PARMIR
PGOVGM
PHUH
PARTM
PN
PRE
PTE
PY
POLUN
PPEL
PDOV
PGOVSOCI
PIRF
PGOVPM
PBST
PRELEVU
PGOR
PBTSRU
PRM
PRELKPAOIZ
PGVO
PERL
PGOC
PAGR
PMIN
PHUMR
PVIP
PPD
PGV
PRAM
PINL
PKPAL
PTERE
PGOF
PINO
PHAS
PODC
PRHUM
PHUMA
PREO
PPA
PEPFAR
PGO
PRGOV
PAC
PRESL
PORG
PKFK
PEPR
PRELP
PREFA
PNG
PGOVPHUMKPAO
PRELECON
PINOCHET
PFOR
PGOVLO
PHUMBA
PRELC
PREK
PHUME
PHJM
POLINT
PGOVPZ
PGOVKCRM
PGOVE
PHALANAGE
PARTY
PECON
PEACE
PROCESS
PLN
PRELSW
PAHO
PEDRO
PRELA
PASS
PPAO
PGPV
PNUM
PCUL
PGGV
PSA
PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA
PGIV
PRFE
POGOV
PEL
PBT
PAMQ
PINF
PSEPC
POSTS
PHUMPGOV
PVOV
PHSAPREL
PROLIFERATION
PENA
PRELTBIOBA
PIN
PRELL
PGOVPTER
PHAM
PHYTRP
PTEL
PTERPGOV
PHARM
PROTESTS
PRELAF
PKBL
PRELKPAO
PKNP
PARMP
PHUML
PFOV
PERM
PUOS
PRELGOV
PHUMPTER
PARAGRAPH
PERURENA
PBTSEWWT
PCI
PETROL
PINSO
PINSCE
PQL
PEREZ
PBS
RS
REFUGEES
RW
RP
RELFREE
RO
REGIONAL
RIGHTS
REACTION
REPORT
RU
RENAMO
RIGHTSPOLMIL
REFORM
RM
REFUGEE
REL
RELATIONS
ROW
RREL
REGION
RATIFICATION
RBI
RICE
ROOD
RODENAS
RUIZ
RODHAM
ROBERT
RGY
ROY
REUBEN
RELIGIOUS
RUEHZO
RODRIGUEZ
RUEUN
RELAM
RSP
RF
RSO
RCMP
REO
ROSS
RPTS
RENE
REID
RUPREL
RMA
RI
REMON
RPEL
RFE
RFIN
RA
RAFAEL
RAY
RUS
RPREL
ROBERTG
RECIN
RAMONTEIJELO
SNAR
SP
SN
SMIG
SL
SOCI
SU
SG
SF
SENV
SZ
SOE
SCUL
SY
SO
SR
SYR
SE
SA
SW
SIPDIS
SCIENCE
SADC
SI
SCI
SOCIETY
SC
SAARC
STR
SECRETARY
SANC
SSH
ST
SNA
SGWI
SEP
SOCIS
SETTLEMENTS
SPECIALIST
SK
SHUM
START
STET
SCVL
SREF
SCHUL
SCUIL
SYRIA
SECURITY
SPCE
SYAI
SMIL
SOWGC
STEPHEN
SNRV
SKCA
SENSITIVE
SECI
SNAP
SPP
SCUD
SOM
SPECI
SMIGBG
SENC
SCRM
SGNV
SECTOR
SENVEAGREAIDTBIOECONSOCIXR
SENVSXE
SASIAIN
SACU
SENVSPL
SWMN
STEINBERG
SOPN
SOCR
SCOI
SCRS
SILVASANDE
SWE
SARS
SNARIZ
SUDAN
SENVQGR
SM
SNARKTFN
SAAD
SD
SAN
SIPRNET
STATE
SENS
SUBJECT
SFNV
SECSTATE
SSA
SPCVIS
SOI
SOFA
SCULKPAOECONTU
SPTER
SKSAF
SENVKGHG
SHI
SEVN
SANR
SPSTATE
SMITH
SCOM
SH
SNARCS
SNARN
SIPRS
SNARM
SIPDI
SCPR
SNIG
SELAB
SULLIVAN
SENVENV
SECDEF
SOLIC
SOIC
SPAS
SASC
SOSI
SEC
SEN
SENVCASCEAIDID
TU
TH
TW
TSPA
TRGY
TPHY
TBIO
TIFA
TS
TZ
TX
TSPL
TT
TK
TC
TINT
TERFIN
TERRORISM
TIP
TURKEY
TI
TECHNOLOGY
TNGD
TRSY
TRAFFICKING
TOPEC
TPSL
TP
TD
TR
TA
TIO
TREATY
TO
THPY
TECH
TRADE
TPSA
TG
TAGS
TF
TRAD
THKSJA
TVBIO
TNDG
TN
TBIOZK
TWI
TV
TWL
TRT
TWRO
TSRY
TTPGOV
TAUSCHER
TRBY
TRBIO
TL
TPKO
TIA
TGRY
TSPAM
TREL
TNAR
TBI
TFIN
TPHYPA
TWCH
THOMMA
THOMAS
TERROR
TRY
TBID
TPP
TE
THANH
TJ
TBKIO
UNGA
USUN
UN
UG
UNSC
UK
UP
US
UNCTAD
UNVIE
UNHRC
USTR
UNAMA
UNCRIME
UNESCO
UV
UNDP
UNHCR
UNCSD
UNCHR
UZ
USAID
UNEP
UNO
UNPUOS
UY
UNDC
UNCITRAL
UNAUS
UNCND
UA
UNMIK
USTDA
USEU
USDA
UNICEF
UR
UNFICYP
USNC
USTRRP
UNODC
UNRWA
UNOMIG
USTRPS
USAU
USCC
UNEF
UNGAPL
UNFPA
UNSCE
USSC
UGA
UEU
UNMIC
UNTAC
UNION
UNCLASSIFIED
USPS
UNA
UMIK
USOAS
UNMOVIC
UNFA
UNAIDS
UNCHC
USGS
UNSE
UNRCR
UNTERR
USG
UE
UAE
UNWRA
UNCSW
UNSCR
UNCHS
UNDESCO
UNPAR
UNC
UB
UNSCS
UKXG
UNGACG
UNREST
UNHR
USPTO
UNFCYP
USCG
UNIDROIT
UNSCD
UPU
UNBRO
UNECE
USTRUWR
UNCC
UNESCOSCULPRELPHUMKPALCUIRXFVEKV
VM
VE
VT
VETTING
VN
VZ
VIS
VC
VTPREL
VIP
VTEAID
VTEG
VOA
VA
VTIZ
VANG
VISIT
VO
VENZ
VAT
VI
VEPREL
VEN
WFP
WTO
WHO
WTRO
WBG
WMO
WIPO
WA
WI
WSIS
WHA
WCL
WE
WMN
WEBZ
WS
WAR
WZ
WMD
WW
WILLIAM
WEET
WAEMU
WM
WWBG
WWT
WWARD
WITH
WMDT
WTRQ
WCO
WEU
WALTER
WRTO
WB
WHTI
WBEG
WCI
WEF
WAKI
WHOA
WGC
Browse by classification
Community resources
courage is contagious
Viewing cable 09BRASILIA1412, Brazil: Scenesetter - Economic Partnership Dialogue December
If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs
Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:
- The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
- The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
- The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.
Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #09BRASILIA1412.
| Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09BRASILIA1412 | 2009-12-04 22:20 | 2011-07-11 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Brasilia |
VZCZCXRO8401
RR RUEHRG
DE RUEHBR #1412/01 3382222
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 042220Z DEC 09
FM AMEMBASSY BRASILIA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 0018
INFO RUEHBR/AMEMBASSY BRASILIA
RUEHRG/AMCONSUL RECIFE 0011
RUEHRI/AMCONSUL RIO DE JANEIRO
RUEHSO/AMCONSUL SAO PAULO
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 06 BRASILIA 001412
SENSITIVE
SIPDIS
DEPARTMENT PASS E U/S HORMATS, EEB A/S FERNANDEZ, WHA PDAS KELLY
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: ECON ETRD EINV EAGR EFIN BR
SUBJECT: Brazil: Scenesetter - Economic Partnership Dialogue December
14
SENSITIVE BUT UNCLASSIFIED
1.(SBU) SUMMARY: The fourth meeting of the Economic Partnership
Dialogue (EPD) provides an excellent opportunity to reinforce the
importance the USG attaches to deepening and expanding the positive
economic agenda between the United States and Brazil. This meeting
will permit the two sides to cement a broader partnership under the
Dialogue created to launch new economic cooperation opportunities
between State and the Ministry of External Relations (MRE) and to
provide impetus and support to initiatives developed in other
channels. Our economic interests in engaging with Brazil are
bilateral, including increasing trade and investment opportunities
through addressing regulatory barriers and liberalizing civil
aviation; regional, including promoting labor standards; and
global, including development cooperation as well as engagement in
fora including G20 and the WTO. The December 14 meeting will
further cement our expanding development cooperation partnership in
Africa and Haiti and deepen our dialogue on the regulatory and
business climate issues that support innovation and
competitiveness. This Dialogue is an opportunity to lay out our
vision for the U.S.-Brazil economic relationship as Brazil
continues to develop as a significant regional and global economic
player, potentially laying the foundation for expanded positive
cooperation in other policy areas over time. END SUMMARY
OVERVIEW
2.(SBU) Brazil is a developing country moving onto the global
stage. The tenth largest world economy, Brazil has evolved from
IMF creditor to donor, from development assistance recipient to
provider, and from a country that suffered extreme economic shocks
to a country emerging early from the global crisis and confident in
its macroeconomic policy. New offshore pre-salt finds could
eventually lead to Brazil becoming a significant oil and gas
exporter. The Mission continues to seek opportunities to deepen
investment and trade ties with Brazil bilaterally in order to
increase business opportunities, job growth, and economic
development. We are building partnerships with Brazil to promote
regional and global economic and social inclusion goals, including
addressing the global financial crisis, trade liberalization, and
economic development cooperation. We continue to work with Brazil
to build consensus for World Trade Organization trade
liberalization; to promote enhanced cooperation in fora such as
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, World Health
Organization and International Civil Aviation Organization; and to
create the conditions for global development and prosperity. At
the same time, we are cooperating with Brazil to address the
regulatory, legal and infrastructure challenges that constrain
Brazil's growth and social inclusion goals and hurt U.S. exporters
and investors.
3.(SBU) Economic issues are proving to be the pathway to
increasingly productive GOB engagement - both because as a large
emerging economy it is beginning to have a natural seat at the
table and because GOB most easily sees how global economic issues
directly impact its own well-being and national security.
Constructive engagement in the G20 has given Brazil increased
confidence that it can and should engage in issues outside its own
borders. Brazil's interest in taking on the leadership mantle
economically offers numerous opportunities for engagement,
encouraging Brazil to take on increasingly responsible roles
globally. It is important to frame approaches to GOB as a partner,
and not a junior partner. GOB takes particular pride that, having
been through many developing country experiences (previous
financial crises, addressing GINI inequalities, infrastructure
impact on growth, etc), it is uniquely placed to help developing
countries tackle their own challenges, drawing on Brazilian
"lessons learned." GOB has been receptive to partnering with us on
development cooperation, including a newly developing initiative in
Mozambique and Haiti on agriculture, health and infrastructure
development. Cooperation on political and security issues remains
more difficult to navigate, where GOB is less persuaded that
playing an active role on issues beyond its borders has
implications for its own domestic and global security and tends
sometimes to stress a "no judgment" approach on many issues that
reflect in part its own sovereignty sensitivities. This, too, is
evolving, though more slowly than on the economic side.
BRASILIA 00001412 002 OF 006
3.(SBU) Brazil is a country where personal relationships matter a
great deal. President Lula and POTUS' positive interactions have
translated into tangible follow-on action, such as Finance Minister
Mantega's (not previously notable for an eagerness to engage the
United States) recent travel to the United States to meet Treasury
Secretary Geithner and urge resumption of a bilateral MOF/Treasury
dialogue. MRE contacts have stressed that FM Amorim is personally
committed to the success of the EPD. MRE is delighted that U/S
Hormats will lead the Dialogue on the United States side. The
Brazilian chair, Undersecretary for Economic Affairs Pedro
Mendonca, is an experienced diplomat responsible for the WTO
negotiations and is Brazil's G20 Sherpa.
POLITICAL CONTEXT
4.(SBU) The Brazilian political elite and media are already
focused on the October 2010 national elections for president,
governors of all 26 states and the federal district, two-thirds of
the senate, and all federal deputies. Ministers who intend to run
for any of these offices must, under Brazilian law, resign by April
2010 (six months before elections), and some will leave in March or
earlier. Although many Ministers are expected to leave, FM Amorim
is expected to remain in place for the duration of the Lula
Administration. Lula is constitutionally barred from seeking a
third term and has supported Civil Household Minister (Prime
Minister-equivalent) Dilma Rousseff as his party's candidate.
Rousseff is currently a distant second in the polls to likely
opposition candidate Sao Paulo Governor Jose Serra, but the race
remains unpredictable this early in the process.
5.(SBU) The United States and Brazil share the basic goals of
fostering hemispheric stability and integration, promoting
democracy and human rights, and preventing transnational illicit
activity. The attainment of a permanent seat on the UN Security
Council has been a central goal of Brazil's foreign policy under
President Lula's government. Regionally, Lula has maintained
Brazil's historic focus on stability, seeing good relations with
all parties as the best way to achieve this goal. As a result,
Brazil maintains an active dialogue with Venezuela and Cuba, has
worked to foster good relations with Bolivia and Ecuador, and has
stood firmly on the principle of respect for sovereignty in the
region. In line with Lula's demonstrated interest in Brazil
playing a larger role in global issues, as well as expanding
Brazil's commercial ties, Lula hosted separate visits from Iranian
President Ahmadinejad, Israeli President Peres, and Palestinian
President Abbas, among others, in November.
ECONOMIC CONTEXT
6.(SBU) Brazil's annual Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew 5.1
percent in 2008, and inflation was 5.8 percent. The global
economic crisis eroded previous predictions for annual GDP growth
for 2009 from four per cent to essentially flat or slightly
negative. Despite this decline in immediate prospects, Brazil has
weathered the crisis better than most major economies and shows
signs of a recovery, led by strong domestic demand and a growing
middle class. Conservative macroeconomic policies in the years
prior to the crisis, and targeted responses during the crisis --
including credit injections in the financial system and tax cuts on
automobiles and consumer durables -- played a role in lessening the
impact of the global crisis on Brazil. Growth in 2010 is expected
to return to approximately 5%. That said, Brazil's growth
potential is constrained by factors including its tax code (2600
hours/year to pay taxes), its rigid labor law, and its obtuse
licensing procedures (126 days to start a business). Brazil ranks
129 on the World Bank's Ease of Doing Business list.
7.(SBU) Brazil is a major producer and exporter. Agriculture makes
up 36 percent of exports, and the agribusiness sector accounts for
25 percent of Brazil's GDP. Brazil is a leading exporter of
BRASILIA 00001412 003 OF 006
soybeans, beef, sugar, coffee, and orange juice. Brazil also
distinguishes itself as a major exporter of civilian aircraft,
steel, and petrochemicals. The United States is Brazil's top
trading partner overall, although in March China became Brazil's
primary export destination. Prior to the current financial crisis,
U.S.-Brazil trade experienced significant annual growth, surpassing
USD 60 billion in 2008. Brazil typically experiences a slight
positive balance in the trade relationship. However, in the first
three quarters of 2009, Brazilian exports to the United States
totaled USD 11.4 billion, while imports from the United States
totaled USD 14.8 billion, resulting in a slightly negative trade
balance.
8.(SBU) In recent years, U.S. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in
Brazil has averaged around USD 4 billion per year. In the second
quarter of 2009 (the most recent available data), the Bureau of
Economic Analysis reported U.S. FDI into Brazil of USD 1.2 billion.
The Economist noted recently that FDI into Brazil from all sources
increased 30% last year, while overall FDI worldwide contracted
14%. At the same time, Brazil has significant offensive investment
interests. Illustrating a trend of increasing external investment,
Brazilian Central Bank figures show that the stock of Brazilian FDI
in the United States increased from USD 3.9 billion in 2006 to USD
6.025 billion in 2007 (the last year for which figures are
available). Brazil holds investment grade status from the major
rating entities.
ANNOTATED EPD AGENDA TOPICS
9.(SBU) The topics below follow the order of the EPD agenda:
CIVIL AVIATION: The EPD will welcome the continued implementation
of the June 2008 civair agreement. You may wish to note our hope
that expanded flight possibilities into the north/northeast of
Brazil will further social inclusion objectives, as potential
increased American tourism and other business opportunities could
also benefit development objectives in that region. We are
exploring with ANAC whether further liberalization in air cargo is
possible in the near term and can welcome MRE confirmation that the
civair authority, ANAC, is prepared to meet again in 2010 to
discuss Open Skies possibilities.
COMPETITIVENESS: The last EPD session agreed the Joint Commission
on Science and Technology (JCM) would discuss innovation and report
to the EPD. The November 19-20 JCM in Washington discussed United
States' and Brazil's efforts to promote innovation and means of
governmental cooperation. Members of the U.S. Delegation pointed to
the importance of certain institutional features, including an
effective intellectual property rights regime and a tradition of
venture and "angel" investing to foster innovation and therefore
competitiveness. They recognized that not all countries will or
should follow the same innovation model as the United States, but
underlined the importance of the government 'not getting in the
way' of private sector innovation. Commerce Department
representatives noted the creation of the Office of Innovation and
Entrepreneurship and the National Advisory Council on Innovation
and Entrepreneurship, designed to bring a whole of government
approach to fostering innovation. The Brazilian Delegation pointed
out that Brazil is still a developing nation and therefore has a
different perspective than developed nations on a variety of topics
related to innovation. These include differences in opinion about
the role of intellectual property rights and a strong view that the
government must play an active role, e.g., through providing
incentives, in fostering innovation. Despite these differences,
the Brazilian Delegation was very interested in working with the
USG to find ways to better foster innovation in Brazil. Possible
next steps include a workshop to identify common areas of interest,
a workshop or white paper to begin tackling the idea of how to
benchmark public-private partnerships and public sector innovation
incentives, and a workshop to identify new models of cooperation;
to include financial, political and other aspects to support
innovation and competitiveness. On-going efforts under the DOC-MDIC
(Trade Ministry) Commercial Dialogue include cooperation on venture
capital.
BRASILIA 00001412 004 OF 006
OECD: MRE has indicated that the OECD Secretariat has suggested
increased Brazilian participation in OECD labor and health under
Brazil's Enhanced Engagement program. MRE is interested in hearing
our experiences working in these areas with the OECD, from how
effective and useful we have found the OECD role in these topics to
how the USG organizes to cover these committees. The discussion
provides an opportunity to continue to encourage GOB movement
toward eventual OECD membership.
AGRICULTURE: MRE understands that USDA has the lead in USG on
CODEX and on the Consultative Committee on Agriculture (CCA).
Regardless, the Brazilians wish to emphasize again their concerns
regarding developing country participation in CODEX and to press
State to urge a meeting in the near term for the USDA-Ministry of
Agriculture (MAPA) CCA. A technical level meeting rather than a
CCA may be the appropriate next engagement on the issues MAPA
wishes to discuss.
REGULATORY DIALOGUE: MRE has expressed a new interest in
supporting and fostering further regulator to regulator cooperation
and exchange. Regulatory reform is critical to improving the
business climate in Brazil for U.S. exporters and investors. MRE
support could be helpful in encouraging Brazilian regulatory
agencies to engage further, and MRE buy-in ensures regulator to
regulator initiatives come to fruition. Current cooperation, at
differing levels of engagement, includes FCC/ANATEL, FAA/ANAC,
TSA/ANAC, NIST/INMETRO, FED/CADE, FDA/ANVISA and FERC/ANEEL
(details e-mailed to WHA and EEB). Deeper and broader cooperation
could, for example, help address TBT and SPS barriers, make
progress toward mutual recognition agreements, and expand bilateral
cooperation on regulatory issues in third countries.
TRADE FACILITIATION: Already an active area of cooperation, GOB
and Brazilian industry have provided significant feedback that
intensified cooperation on trade facilitation would be welcome.
USDOC and CAMEX have sponsored two week-long trips this year for
GOB agencies to learn how customs clearance and inter-agency
coordination works in the United States. Other activities include
seminars held by CBP in Brazil for Brazilian Customs and the
Federal Police, and a Commercial Dialogue Trade Facilitation
meeting held in Manaus in November 2009. The CEO Forum has also
prioritized trade facilitation. There is some sensitivity
regarding the CBP Trade Facilitation and Supply Chain Security
Program within MRE. While CAMEX, MDIC and the trade promotion
department within MRE support and welcome the program, the MRE
transnational crimes office is not familiar with the program and
has been less inclined to support. MRE will benefit from the EPD
briefing explaining the advantages to Brazil in participating. MRE
also requested to add this topic to the December 9 U.S.-Brazil
Bilateral Consultative Mechanism with USTR in Brasilia.
SECTORAL DIALOGUE: MRE intends to propose a sectoral event on
aeronautics (including parts and services) and ask for USG support
for this Brazilian-United States industry event.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS: We understand that in addition to resource
concerns involved in negotiating a highly technical Mutual
Recognition Agreement (MRA), GOB may be reluctant to negotiate on
product categories where domestic production exists or where
Brazilian labs currently have certification capacity. MRE is
likely to propose an extremely limited MRA model covering only
products not produced domestically and where no certification
capability exists domestically. A MRA would facilitate bilateral
exports and provide a model for Latin America as a whole. Brazil
will raise internet governance to urge further
internationalization.
DISTINCTIVE PRODUCTS: GOB has indicated that it will move its
rule-making on whiskey/bourbon forward when USG moves the cachaca
rule-making forward. MRE put this topic on the first EPD agenda
and continues to raise the issue.
BRASILIA 00001412 005 OF 006
DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION: The U.S. and Brazil development
cooperation in 3rd countries has been a positive story. MRE's
Brazilian Cooperation Agency (ABC) head Farani has been an active
partner, traveling to the United States and Mozambique with USG
officials to foster and develop that cooperation. USAID and ABC
have negotiated an MOU which outlines our continued desire for
development cooperation in 3rd countries. Brazil would like to
discuss the timing of when to sign this MOU. The U.S. and Brazil
are working on two joint projects in Mozambique: 1) agriculture and
2) HIV\AIDs. The U.S. and Brazil led a joint mission to Mozambique
in June 2009 and in August 2009, a Brazilian delegation from ABC
and Embrapa traveled to Washington to advance discussions on the
agriculture project designed to develop an agricultural research
platform in Mozambique. In April 2009, at the invitation of USAID,
a delegation from the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MOH) visited
Mozambique to become familiar with the USAID/Mozambique HIV/AIDS
portfolio and to identify ways to strengthen the Mozambican
response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic through trilateral cooperation.
A Mozambican delegation visited Brazil from June 29 to July 2, 2009
to become familiar with the Brazilian response to the HIV/AIDS
epidemic and to define the principles that will guide further
trilateral cooperation among the three countries. Four areas for
trilateral cooperation have been identified: improving the
visibility, advocacy, and leadership of persons living with AIDS;
improving communication strategies; improving Supply Chain
Management; and institutionalizing monitoring and evaluation
systems. Project documents for both the agriculture and HIV/AIDS
trilateral cooperation are expected to be finalized in time for
implementation to start January 2010. In addition, CDC is working
with the Brazilian Ministry of Health on a program to build
epidemiological capacity in Mozambique. ABC and USAID are also
working with Sao Tome and Principe on a program to support malaria
control activities, focusing support in three primary areas: 1)
capacity building, 2) strengthening malaria surveillance and 3)
strengthening communications and behavior change. The Oswaldo Cruz
Institute, Brazil's premier medical research facility and the
headquarters of their National School of Public Health, is in the
very initial phases of exploring a partnership with State, NIH,
CDC, and other USG partners to develop a National Public Health
Institute in El Salvador. Trilateral development cooperation is a
win-win in encouraging broader GOB commitment as a donor, deepening
our engagement with Brazil bilaterally, and benefiting recipient
developing countries.
HAITI: USAID/Brazil and ABC visited Port-au-Prince November 22-26
to identify opportunities for trilateral cooperation in Haiti.
Areas identified for potential cooperation include joint technical
assistance to train garment sector workers; a jobs program that
would promote recycling and advance Haiti's alternative energy
development opportunities; bringing Brazilian artist and musician
Carlinhos Brown and Haitian musician Wyclef Jean together to
collaborate with Brazil and the United States on a
cultural/community center that would serve as a driver for
community development; an infrastructure project bringing
USSOUTHCOM/ USACE and MINUSTAH engineers together to improve roads,
including reconstructing the approach roads to the USAID funded
Ennery bridge project between Gonaives and Cap Haitien and the
creation/improvement of a number of rural farm-to-market roads.
USSOUTHCOM also expressed interest in conducting any environmental
assessments that may be necessary for the 4C dam project in
Artibonite and in working with the Brazilians to do joint
assessments of existing power plants in the country to identify
ways to increase capacity. The joint USAID/Brazil-ABC trip to
Haiti continues the close working relationship that has developed
between the two organizations and is a first step towards jointly
undertaking projects with a significant development impact in
Haiti. MRE will also raise Brazilian access to the HOPE program.
MRE must consult with Mercosul partners and pass legislation in
order to provide reciprocal HOPE access. MRE has indicated that
MERCOSUL partners, particularly Paraguay, have raised objections.
No legislation has been forwarded to the Brazilian congress for
formal consideration.
"DECENT LABOR": MRE has proposed expanding cooperation in Latin
America on "decent labor," possibly with a focus on child and/or
forced labor. While some cooperation in this area already exists,
MRE is interested in exploring the possibility of further joint
work in the region. We are encouraged that Brazil is reaching out
BRASILIA 00001412 006 OF 006
to deepen regional cooperation on a specific initiative.
FURTHER FOOD SECURITY COOPERATION IDEAS: On November 13, FM Amorim
responded to Secretary Clinton's letter on this issue. MRE will be
receptive to further ideas offered at the EPD.
INVESTMENT: The USG and the Brazilian government have had
productive consultations on Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT)
elements on the margins of previous EPDS, although Brazil is still
cautious about negotiating BITs given historical congressional
opposition. The Brazilian Coalition of Industries (CNI) has
traditionally been non-supportive of BITs, seeing them as a
constraint on industrial policy, but has recently begun
re-examining this position as Brazilian companies' overseas FDI
increases. A side session on the margins of the December 14 EPD
will further discuss investment agreement elements, with MRE
interest particularly in CFIUS and indirect expropriation. GOB has
previously indicated a preference to start investment agreement
negotiations with a smaller country in the region rather than
tackle the topic with USG, and Mission has heard informally that
MRE has begun an investment agreement conversation with Chile. The
EPD discussion provides an opportunity for forward momentum toward
an eventual BIT with the United States.
TAX: Progress toward a Bilateral Tax Treaty has been slow. Issues
including OECD-standard transfer pricing and the information
exchange requirements under a BTT remain difficult to bridge. GOB
also fears revenue losses under a potential BTT. Meanwhile the
more limited 2007 United States-Brazil Tax Information Exchange
Agreement (TIEA) continues to move slowly through the ratification
process in the Brazilian Congress. Eventual ratification is
expected.
TRADE: While trade cooperation is not on the EPD agenda, the
December 9 Bilateral Consultative Mechanism between USTR and MRE
will explore this topic in depth. GOB has been keen to conclude
Doha, and has carefully balanced protectionist instincts on the
NAMA side with offensive agricultural interests. The Brazilian
private sector has generally acknowledged Amorim did a fairly good
job in balancing these interests and resists giving more on the
NAMA side (e.g., sectoral agreements). Amorim is increasingly
characterizing the fate of Doha as being in U.S. hands. At the
same time, GOB is expressing interest in exploring what we can do
together bilaterally on trade cooperation. While tariffs must be
negotiated in 4+1 (Mercosul plus United States) format, other areas
could be discussed bilaterally, with a possibility to build out to
4+1 cooperation if mutual interest exists. The cotton case
rankles, and Amorim has talked tough in the press, but MRE (and
MDIC) are well aware the issue is not black and white - GOB wants
to see USG comply with the ruling, but is aware of the effect on
the investment climate of further signaling a lack of commitment to
IPR protection.
KUBISKE
KUBISKE