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Viewing cable 09BOGOTA3878, MASS OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION OFFERS IN COLOMBIA

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
09BOGOTA3878 2009-12-04 15:26 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Bogota
VZCZCXRO7921
RR RUEHGH
DE RUEHBO #3878/01 3381527
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 041526Z DEC 09
FM AMEMBASSY BOGOTA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 1390
INFO RHEBAAA/DEPT OF ENERGY WASHINGTON DC
RUEHBJ/AMEMBASSY BEIJING 0004
RUEHBO/AMEMBASSY BOGOTA
RUEHBU/AMEMBASSY BUENOS AIRES
RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS
RUEHGA/AMCONSUL CALGARY
RUEHGH/AMCONSUL SHANGHAI 0001
RUEHLO/AMEMBASSY LONDON 0593
RUEHME/AMEMBASSY MEXICO 0807
RUEHMU/AMEMBASSY MANAGUA
RUEHOT/AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
RUEHPE/AMEMBASSY LIMA
RUEHQT/AMEMBASSY QUITO
RUEHSG/AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO
RUEHZP/AMEMBASSY PANAMA
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 BOGOTA 003878 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: ENRG ECON PREL EINT SENV CO
SUBJECT: MASS OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION OFFERS IN COLOMBIA 
 
REF: BOGOTA 3350; BOGOTA 3415 
 
1.  (SBU) Summary.  Colombia opened its ninth petroleum show on 
December 2 with offers to explore and produce oil and gas in 168 
blocks throughout Colombia and offshore.  Close to 1,000 
businessmen and women were in attendance representing firms from 
North America, Europe, China, and Latin America.  Although 
Colombia's oil production has grown substantially, the lack of a 
big discovery has tempered interest from the big multi-national 
companies.  Discussions about the Copenhagen Climate Change 
Conference were critical, with the keynote speaker noting 
Copenhagen will be a disguised failure.  End Summary. 
 
 
 
--------------------------------------------- 
 
Ministers of Energy and Environment Speak Out 
 
--------------------------------------------- 
 
2.  (U) Colombia's National Agency for Hydrocarbons hosted the 
ninth Colombian Petroleum Show in Bogota, December 2-4.  Close to 
1,000 experts attended the opening, representing all businesses in 
the petroleum sector.  Minister of Mines and Energy Hernan Martinez 
highlighted the investment-friendly environment for the petroleum 
sector in Colombia and assured those present that the natural gas 
transit problem will be resolved in 2010 (ref A). 
 
 
 
3.  (U) Environment Minister Carlos Costa emphasized that Colombia 
has an impressive ecosystem that it seeks to protect.  That said, 
Costa noted that the process to obtain an environmental license is 
transparent.  The Minister underscored that the rules and the 
environmental restrictions are clear, and that both the environment 
and hydrocarbon sectors in Colombia are working together to promote 
oil and gas investment in an environmentally-friendly manner. 
 
 
 
----------------------------- 
 
Positive Outlook for Colombia 
 
----------------------------- 
 
 
 
4.  (U) Javier Gutierrez, President of Colombia's state-owned 
petroleum company Ecopetrol, remarked on the many reforms Colombia 
undertook to create a more open and business-friendly petroleum 
sector.  Since 2004, Ecopetrol has had to compete like any other 
oil and gas company for exploration and production rights in 
Colombia.  These reforms also generated significant growth in the 
petroleum sector, contributed to major increases in foreign direct 
investment, and increased oil production in Colombia.  Gutierrez 
noted that Colombia is the fourth largest oil and gas producer in 
Latin America, has the fifth largest oil reserves, and possesses 
the seventh largest gas reserves in the region.  He added that 
Ecopetrol alone plans to produce 1 million barrels of petroleum 
product by 2015, requiring a 12 percent growth year on year. 
 
 
 
5.  (U) Armando Zamora, Director General of the National Agency for 
Hydrocarbons (ANH), announced the offer of 168 blocks, covering 
126,023,745 acres.  Of these, 74 are small blocks that have 
geological data or are abandoned oil and gas plots; 31 are new 
blocks with oil and gas data/projections; and the remaining 63 
blocks are new locations covering 76 percent of the area up for 
exploration and production.  The new areas are located throughout 
Colombia, but for the first time expand into the northern Amazon 
 
BOGOTA 00003878  002 OF 003 
 
 
area and around Colombia's Caribbean islands of San Andres and 
Providencia.  Zamora hopes to sell at least 50 blocks, 
understanding that the industry continues to be cautious and 
selective.  ANH plans to conduct road shows in New York, London, 
Shanghai, Buenos Aires, Calgary, and other sites to promote these 
blocks. 
 
 
 
6.  (U) Julian Lee of the Center for Global Energy Studies 
highlighted Colombia's growth in oil production, noting that from 
2007 to 2008 Colombia had the fourth largest growth in oil 
production, behind Iraq, Kazakhstan, and Brazil.  In January 2007, 
Colombia produced only 530,000 barrels per day (bpd), but in 
October 2009, Colombia began producing over 700,000 bpd (the 
highest in over a decade), and expects to reach 800,000 bpd in 
2010.  Colombia's goal is to produce 1 million bpd in 2014.  Lee 
noted that Colombia's oil is not "new oil," but is considered new 
as the country emerges from a period of violence and instability. 
 
 
 
-------------------------------------- 
 
Room for Non-Conventional Hydrocarbons 
 
-------------------------------------- 
 
 
 
7.  (SBU) Discussions on non-conventional hydrocarbons focused on 
shale gas, coal-bed methane, oil (tar) sands, and marine gas 
hydrates.  A StatoilHydro company official noted Colombia as a 
potential source for shale gas with three basins that could yield 
30 trillion cubic feet of gas, but cautioned that large amounts of 
water is needed.  Romeo Flores of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 
indicated there is great potential for coal-bed methane (CBM) in 
Colombia (Note: Flores is already working in Colombia under a 
Memorandum of Understanding between USGS and Ecopetrol to provide 
CBM technical assistance.  ANH is in the process of requesting 
technical assistance from the U.S. Trade Development Agency, ref B, 
to develop a CBM regulatory framework.  End Note). 
 
 
 
8.  (U) Daulat Mamora of Texas A&M highlighted several areas 
throughout Colombia where large oil sands have the potential to 
produce significant amounts of oil, though carbon emissions are 3 
to 5 times greater than conventional oil and gas extraction. 
Mamora claims that Colombia has theoretically up to 68 billion 
barrels of oil in the following areas:  Florencia (20bn bbl), San 
Vicente (29bn bbl), Rio Guejar (15bn bbl), Rio Nare (3bn bbl) and 
Sogamoso (704mn bbl).  University of Texas' Nathan Bangs described 
marine gas hydrates as the most exotic non-conventional hydrocarbon 
and added that the technology to explore and produce gas from 
hydrates is many years away.  That said, Bangs noted Colombia has 
the potential for 400 trillion cubic feet of gas in the form of 
hydrates. 
 
 
 
-------------------------- 
 
Criticism about Copenhagen 
 
-------------------------- 
 
 
 
9. (SBU) On the opening day of the conference, only one presenter 
spoke favorably of the Copenhagen Climate Change Conference, noting 
that it was a good start.  The majority of other speakers 
criticized the Copenhagen event as a likely conference of 
discussions but no actions.  The keynote speaker, former U.S. 
 
BOGOTA 00003878  003 OF 003 
 
 
Secretary of Defense and Energy Jim Schlesinger, noted to the 
audience to take Copenhagen with a couple of grains of salt.  He 
claimed that the end result will only be a disguised failure, which 
will lead to cycles of blame.  Schlesinger recounted his 
conversation last week with the Chinese Ambassador to the U.S., 
noting that China's priority is to ensure that Copenhagen does not 
affect its economic growth.  He added that China is more concerned 
about its sulfur than its carbon dioxide emissions. 
BROWNFIELD