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Viewing cable 09BOGOTA3277, Judicial Institutions' Family Feuds

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
09BOGOTA3277 2009-10-28 21:42 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Bogota
VZCZCXYZ0000
RR RUEHWEB

DE RUEHBO #3277/01 3012142
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 282142Z OCT 09
FM AMEMBASSY BOGOTA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 0548
UNCLAS BOGOTA 003277 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PHUM KJUS SOCI KWMN PGOV CO
SUBJECT: Judicial Institutions' Family Feuds 
 
Summary 
 
------- 
 
 
 
1. (SBU) Colombia's dizzying array of judicial institutions has 
always made understanding and navigating its judicial system 
complicated and time-consuming.  Moreover, recent turf battles have 
frozen the implementation of some policies and threaten to plunge 
the judicial system into crisis.  Inspector General Alejandro 
Ordonez touched off a national debate on abortion with his October 
21 declaration that he would seek to nullify the Constitutional 
Court's decision ordering the GOC to make students aware of the 
specific circumstances when abortion is legal.  On October 28, the 
Superior Judicial Council annulled the jail sentence imposed by the 
Supreme Court on a congresswoman who used an Air Force plane for 
her electoral campaign.  The Supreme Court said it might refer the 
matter to the International Criminal Court (ICC).  End Summary. 
 
 
 
Equal & Overlapping 
 
------------------- 
 
 
 
2. (SBU) Under the Constitution, Colombia has four equally ranked 
courts that make up the judicial branch:  the Supreme Court, the 
Constitutional Court, the State Council, and the Superior Judicial 
Council.  Further complicating matters are the offices of the 
Prosecutor General, the Inspector General and the Human Rights 
Ombudsman.  While battles between the three branches of government 
are common (e.g., Supreme Court blocking President Uribe's 
nominations for Attorney General), recent internal turf battles 
have brought the judiciary's problems into the media spotlight and 
stymied the implementation of policies and sentences. 
 
 
 
IG Reignites Abortion Debate 
 
---------------------------- 
 
 
 
3. (SBU) In May 2009, the Constitutional Court ordered the 
Ministries of Education and Social Protection to implement a 
national information campaign to make students aware of women's 
reproductive rights generally and the specific circumstances when 
abortion is legal.  Inspector General Alejandro Ordonez touched off 
a national debate on abortion rights with his October 21 
declaration that he would seek to nullify the Court's decision. 
The Ombudsman, Mayor of Bogota and Minister of Education said they 
would implement the Court's order. 
 
 
 
4. (SBU) Before becoming Inspector General, Ordonez vehemently 
opposed the 2006 Constitutional Court decision allowing abortion in 
the cases of rape, when the fetus is seriously deformed or when the 
mother's life is at risk due to the pregnancy.  In September, 
Ordonez successfully scuttled the Mayor of Medellin's plans to 
offer abortion services at a new integral women's health clinic. 
Some hospitals and doctors still refuse to perform the legal 
abortions due to objections of conscience, and some judges have 
blocked the full implementation of the ruling.  Ordonez argues that 
abortion is still a crime (punished by one to three years 
imprisonment) with specific exceptions, and not a right.  He 
maintains that the Court has no authority to promote a criminal act 
or determine implementing regulations related to objections of 
conscience. 
 
 
 
5. (SBU) The State Council, the highest administrative court, 
joined the fray on October 22 by suspending the GOC's implementing 
regulations of the 2006 partial decriminalization of abortion.  The 
State Council ruled that the Congress, and not the Executive, must 
enact any implementing regulations.  Abortions remain legal in the 
three aforementioned circumstances even without the regulations, as 
Constitutional Court President Nelson Pinilla told the press. 
However, this void in regulations creates legal uncertainty for 
health institutions. 
 
 
 
Superior Judicial Council 
 
Overturns Supreme Court 
 
------------------------- 
 
 
 
6. (SBU) On October 26, the Superior Judicial Council's 
Disciplinary Court (in charge of investigating judicial officials' 
conduct) annulled the Supreme Court's sentencing of Congresswoman 
Sandra Arabella Velasquez to 74 months imprisonment for having used 
an Air Force plane during her 2006 election campaign.  Supreme 
Court President Augusto Ibanez criticized the annulment, saying 
that the "congressionally-elected" Disciplinary Court "ultimately 
seeks impunity for those allied with paramilitary groups," and is 
considering referring the matter to an international body like the 
ICC.  Angelino Lizcano, one of the Disciplinary Court magistrates 
who voted in favor of the annulment, is a known friend of the 
congresswoman but refused to abstain from the proceedings because 
they "do not have an intimate friendship." 
 
 
 
7. (SBU) The President of the Superior Judicial Council, Maria 
Mercedes Lopez, abstained from the vote on the congresswoman, 
saying that ruling on a penal matter "is going beyond our limits." 
According to press reports, this is the first time someone 
convicted by the Supreme Court (the highest penal authority in the 
land) was absolved by another court because the other court 
determined that no crime had occurred.  The Constitutional Court 
may rule on the matter of the Superior Judicial Council's 
jurisdiction in this and other cases.  Some analysts believe the 
Superior Judicial Council should cease to exist. 
BROWNFIELD