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Viewing cable 09COLOMBO637, SRI LANKA: IMPROVEMENTS IN THE NORTH BUT CHALLENGES REMAIN
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| Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09COLOMBO637 | 2009-06-24 10:17 | 2011-08-25 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Colombo |
VZCZCXYZ0008
PP RUEHWEB
DE RUEHLM #0637/01 1751017
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 241017Z JUN 09
FM AMEMBASSY COLOMBO
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 0146
INFO RUEHKT/AMEMBASSY KATHMANDU PRIORITY 7006
RUEHBK/AMEMBASSY BANGKOK PRIORITY 3891
RUEHNE/AMEMBASSY NEW DELHI PRIORITY 3141
RUEHIL/AMEMBASSY ISLAMABAD PRIORITY 8768
RUEHKA/AMEMBASSY DHAKA PRIORITY 1756
RUEHGV/USMISSION GENEVA PRIORITY 3609
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK PRIORITY 1248
RHEHAAA/NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC
RHHMUNA/CDR USPACOM HONOLULU HI//J3/J332/J52//
RHMFIUU/CDRUSARPAC FT SHAFTER HI//APCW/APOP//
UNCLAS COLOMBO 000637
SENSITIVE
SIPDIS
DEPARTMENT FOR SCA/INS AND PRM
STATE ALSO PASS TO USAID
AID/W FOR ANE/SCA
AID/W FOR DCHA/FFP FOR JDWORKEN, JBORNS
AID/W FOR DCHA/OFDA FOR ACONVERY, RTHAYER AND RKERR
BANGKOK FOR USAID/DCHA/OFDA WBERGER
KATHMANDU FOR USAID/DCHA/OFDA MROGERS AND POL SBERRY
USMISSION GENEVA FOR NKYLOH
USUN FOR ECOSOC DMERCADO
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: EAID PREF PGOV PHUM CE
SUBJECT: SRI LANKA: IMPROVEMENTS IN THE NORTH BUT CHALLENGES REMAIN
REF: A) Colombo 623 B) Colombo 621 C) Colombo 577
¶1. (SBU) SUMMARY: From June 17 to 18, Charge, with the USAID's
Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID/OFDA) regional
advisor and information officer, traveled to Vavuniya District in
northern Sri Lanka. They met with local Government of Sri Lanka
(GSL) authorities and U.N. and non-governmental organization (NGO)
partners, and visited USAID/OFDA-funded health, shelter, and water,
sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) programs implemented at the Manik
Farm camp for internally displaced persons (IDPs). The majority of
the programs are funded through the USAID/OFDA-supported umbrella
grant with the United Methodist Committee on Relief (UMCOR). The
team observed that access to enter Manik Farm has improved. Access
to freely interact and interview IDPS, however, remains restricted.
Release of vulnerable IDPs from camps is moving forward, but the
process has been slow. Freedom of movement continues to be a major
issue. Lack of transparency with screening and registration
procedures remains a concern. The GSL has not yet disclosed a
timeframe and strategic framework that outlines how the IDP return
process will occur. Administration of camp management remains under
the control of the Competent Authority (CA). The U.S. Government
(USG) continues to support health and WASH emergency interventions
at Manik Farm. End Summary.
Access Improves, Serious Restrictions Remain
--------------------------------------------
¶2. (U) On June 17, Charge and USAID/OFDA staff met with U.N.
representatives to discuss the current humanitarian situation at the
Manik Farm IDP camp in Vavuniya District and challenges facing U.N.
staff in conducting their emergency interventions. Office of the
U.N. High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) staff reported that
vehicle and personnel access to Manik Farm has improved in recent
weeks. Several procedures, including issuance of ID cards to local
NGO staff and lists of U.N. and international NGO staff pre-cleared
to enter Manik Farm, are in place. However, some organizations
continue to face delays to enter Manik Farm and have to negotiate
individual entries on an ad-hoc basis with zonal commanders.
¶3. (SBU) The U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) noted that there are two
types of access. The first type is entry to Manik Farm and the
second one is access to IDPs. Without access to IDPs, humanitarian
agencies cannot collect critical protection data. UNHCR also raised
serious concerns over the inability to interview and interact freely
with IDPs in order to understand their issues and provide adequate
assistance and reliable reporting. (Note: UNHCR is allowed to
conduct household surveys and interview IDPs at transit sites only.
End Note.) UNHCR protection activities, though, are ongoing but
UNHCR staff noted that they are difficult to do in this context
without calling attention to their purpose. NGO implementing
partners explained that if the purpose of the visit to Manik Farm is
to carry out protection activities and/or end-use monitoring,
implementing partners often bring a few relief emergency supplies in
their vehicles to give the impression that they are distributing
commodities instead, thus gaining access.
Freedom of Movement and IDP Releases
------------------------------------
¶4. (SBU) The U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian
Affairs (OCHA) reported that as of June 11, the GSL had released an
estimated 3,000 people - including people over 60, people with
learning disabilities, and other vulnerable groups - from IDP camps
to host families and elders' welfare centers. In a meeting with
Vavuniya Government Agent (GA) Mrs. P.S.M. Charles clarified that a
total of 8,000 people have been allowed to leave, but approximately
5,000 IDPs were waiting for their relatives. UNHCR noted, however,
that the process is moving forward very slowly. UNHCR stated that
one of the main issues is that the GSL is not clearly communicating
to IDPs the process for releasing these groups. According to UNHCR,
every rule seems to have an exception such as people over 60 kept in
the camp if they appear healthy.
Lack of Transparency with Registration
--------------------------------------
¶5. (SBU) U.N. representatives informed Charge and USAID/OFDA staff
that it is unclear how IDP registration and screening procedures are
being conducted by the GSL and how long the process will take. The
GSL Ministry of Resettlement and Disaster Relief Services and the
Presidential Secretariat plan to complete IDP registration before ID
cards are issued.
¶6. (SBU) The U.N. knows of three GSL agencies registering IDPs --
the Vavuniya GA, the Ministry of Resettlement and Disaster Relief
Services, and the Presidential Secretariat. The U.N. also assumes
that GSL military intelligence - reportedly wearing plain clothes at
Manik Farm to remain indiscernible from IDPs - is conducting
registration of IDPs. The U.N. does not have access to and is
prohibited from participating in the registration and screening
procedures.
Uncertain Future; De-mining and Returns
---------------------------------------
¶7. (SBU) As the humanitarian situation at the IDP camps gradually
improves, post is actively engaged with the GSL on its plans for
returning IDPs to areas of origin. It is uncertain how long the GSL
plans to keep IDPs at Manik Farm and when and how swiftly returns
will occur. The GSL has indicated that it plans to return the bulk
of IDPs who moved from the former safe zone to GSL-controlled
territory in 180 days. (Ref B) However, the GSL has not yet
disclosed a timetable and strategy for the 180-day IDP return plan.
It is unknown what the plan will entail and when it will be
launched. In a June 18 meeting with the Charge and USAID/OFDA
staff, the Vavuniya GA noted that the progress and completion of
de-mining activities will determine the rate of IDP returns. U.N.
and NGO partners have advocated, however, that de-mining should not
be treated as the only viable criteria for the release of IDPs. For
example, upon the Charge's question to a group of IDPs at Manik Farm
as to whether they had relatives or friends to go to in the event
they were released before de-mining was completed, all IDPs
demonstratively said they did.
Transition from Military to Civilian Authority
--------------------------------------------- -
¶8. (SBU) The Vavuniya GA reported that, despite a GSL announcement
three weeks ago of the transfer of responsibilities for camp
management in Manik Farm and transit sites in and around Vavuniya
District from Competent Authority Major General Chandrasiri to her,
the CA remains in full control as administrator of Manik Farm. (Ref
A) In addition, there is little coordination between the CA and the
GA. The GA also mentioned that only she is allowed to enter Manik
Farm; her staff is not permitted to visit the camp. However, the GA
and her district government staff have a hand in many of the
activities being planned and implemented at Manik Farm. Electrical
power lines are running through the zones, a public address system
is in place, learning spaces have been created and are being used,
and a water distribution network is being built by the district
Water Supply and Drainage Board. In addition, mobile bakeries,
banks, shops that sell non-food items, meat, and fish are available
in all zones. The GA also stated that the district Road Development
Department plans to address drainage issues in zones 0, 1, 3, 4, and
¶5. The U.N. Office for Project Services (UNOPS) plans to address
drainage issues in Zone 2. The GA is also implementing vocational
training for IDPs and plans to set aside low-lying areas of Manik
Farm for cultivation.
Unaccompanied Children and Orphans
----------------------------------
¶9. (SBU) The Charge and USAID/OFDA staff visited one of three
temporary orphanages established in Zone 4 of Manik Farm. The
temporary orphanage receives support from the GSL, UNICEF, and
international NGOs such as Save the Children. Local GSL staff
reported that the GSL plans to transfer the children to an existing
orphanage in Vavuniya District on or about June 25. The GSL plans
to transfer an additional group of children in other zones to
Vavuniya. According to the GA, approximately 1,000 children are
residing in temporary orphanages, including 400 orphans and 600
unaccompanied children. (Note: Some of the children were not
orphaned during the last stages of the conflict between GSL and LTTE
forces. Some orphans who were displaced during the last phase of
the conflict were transferred from an orphanage in Kilinochchi. End
Note.) The GA plans to release as many children as possible from
the orphanage to family and friends. The children who have no place
to go will continue to receive support at orphanages in Vavuniya.
USG Responds to Health and WASH Needs
-------------------------------------
¶10. (U) In response to the pressing health needs at Manik Farm IDP
camp site, the GSL Ministry of Health (MOH) plans to establish 21
primary health centers to provide services to the IDP population.
The USG, through USAID/OFDA, contributed nearly USD 881,000 to the
International Organization for Migration (IOM) to establish 10 of
the 21 planned primary health centers in Manik Farm, as well as
provide three ambulances. (Ref C) The assistance, which is
supporting nearly 50 percent of the planned primary health centers,
is benefiting an estimated 100,000 IDPs. Of the 10 planned primary
health centers, IOM has established four in Zone 2, two of four are
up and running in Zone 4, and two are planned for Zone 5. The
clinics-equipped with two pharmacies and staffed with MOH doctors
and nurses-are providing diagnosis, emergency care, health
education, and referrals to regional hospitals.
¶11. (SBU) In addition, USAID/OFDA provided emergency health
supplies to and is supporting two referral hospitals in zones 2 and
4 implemented by NGO Medical Teams International (MTI) through UMCOR
umbrella grants totaling more than USD 278,000. The two referral
hospitals receive a total of up to 3,000 IDP patients per day.
(Note: MTI reported that at the peak of the emergency - the first
two weeks following the end of the conflict - the referral hospital
in Zone 2 received an estimated 15,000 people. MTI also informed
the USAID/OFDA staff that during this period between 30 to 40 IDPs
died per day at Manik Farm from dehydration and other conditions.
End Note.)
¶12. (U) To help improve the WASH sector at IDP camps, including
Manik Farm, USAID/OFDA has provided nearly USD 1 million through the
UMCOR umbrella grant. The contribution is supporting the provision
of WASH facilities such as latrines, bathing areas, and water
systems; construction and rehabilitation of WASH structures; hygiene
education materials and programs; and cleaning supplies through
implementing partners Sewalanka, Arbeiter-Samariter Bund (ASB),
Relief International, World Concern, CARE, Agency for Technical
Cooperation and Development (ACTED), People in Need (PIN), and IOM.
USAID/OFDA is also supporting UNICEF through the 2009 Common
Humanitarian Appeal (CHAP) to support WASH projects in IDP camp
sites in northern Sri Lanka, including Manik Farm. Activities
include the provision of drinking water and hygiene and sanitation
education services to IDPs. (Ref C)
¶13. (SBU) COMMENT: The GSL, U.N., and NGOs have made extraordinary
efforts to establish Manik Farm within a short period of time.
While Manik Farm is not yet up to international humanitarian
"Sphere" standards, humanitarian conditions, as well as access,
have improved in recent weeks. Despite these efforts, great
challenges remain to meet the basic needs of all IDPs and create an
infrastructure sufficient to withstand the monsoon season which is
expected to begin in October. We will continue to press the
government to accelerate the pace of releases of IDPs to host
families.
MOORE