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Viewing cable 09ADDISABABA1339, ETHIOPIA: 2009 REPORT ON INVESTMENT DISPUTES AND
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| Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09ADDISABABA1339 | 2009-06-10 05:42 | 2011-08-25 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Addis Ababa |
VZCZCXRO4880
RR RUEHROV
DE RUEHDS #1339/01 1610542
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 100542Z JUN 09
FM AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 5047
INFO RUCNIAD/IGAD COLLECTIVE
RUCPDOC/DEPT OF COMMERCE WASHINGTON DC
RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHINGTON DC
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 04 ADDIS ABABA 001339
SIPDIS
DEPARTMENT FOR EEB/IFD/OIA HEATHER GOETHERT, KIMBERLY BUTLER, AND
PATRICK PEARSALL
DEPT OF COMMERCE WASHDC FOR ITA MARIA RIVERO
DEPT OF TREASURY WASHDC FOR REBECCA KLEIN
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: EINV KIDE CASC OPIC PGOV ET
SUBJECT: ETHIOPIA: 2009 REPORT ON INVESTMENT DISPUTES AND
EXPROPRIATION CLAIMS
REF: A. STATE 49477
¶B. 2008 ADDIS ABABA 1691
¶1. The United States Government is aware of seven (7) claims by U.S.
persons which may be outstanding against the Government of Ethiopia
(GOE). There is one new reported claim.
¶2. Included in these claims are three (3) disputes involving the
confiscation of property by current U.S. citizens who were not U.S.
citizens at the time of expropriation. These cases involve
Claimants B, C, and D and stem from the confiscation of property
during the Derg military regime, which reigned from 1974 to 1991.
There have been two (2) recent cases of expropriation reported by
U.S. citizens under the current government. The remaining two (2)
cases involve contractual investment disputes.
¶3. The GOE confiscated many assets within Ethiopia during the
Ethiopian-Eritrean border conflict of May 1998-June 2000. During
this time, the GOE deported tens of thousands of persons identified
as Eritrean nationals, and in many cases confiscated their assets to
pay for outstanding loans. In 2000, Ethiopia and Eritrea agreed to
the creation of the Ethiopia-Eritrea Claims Commission to address
property claims arising out of the border conflict. The Embassy and
the Department of State provide information about the Claims
Commission and other assistance to these Claimants, when
appropriate. Additionally, in May 2009, the GOE approved a
directive calling for Eritrean citizens to reclaim any property
seized during the Ethiopian-Eritrean conflict. No cases resulting
from the Ethiopian-Eritrean border conflict were reported to the
Embassy during 2005-2009. This conflict delayed Claimant B's case,
as he was deported from Ethiopia during claim resolution
discussions; however, his claim originated in 1977 and was not a
direct result of this conflict.
¶4. Note: The GOE's Privatization and Public Enterprises Supervising
Authority (PPESA) was formerly known as the Ethiopian Privatization
Agency (EPA) and the GOE's Agency for Government Housing (AGH) was
formerly known as the Rented Houses Administration (RHA). For the
purposes of this report, PPESA and AGH will be used throughout to
represent both itself and its predecessor agency. End Note.
¶5. a. Claimant A
b. 1987
c. Claimant A, a U.S. Citizen, entered into an agreement with the
Ethiopian Development and Hotels Corporation (EDHC) for the design
and construction of an extension to the Addis Ababa Hilton Hotel in
¶1983. Two associated firms were also involved in the agreement.
Although construction was completed and premises were handed over in
1986, due to disagreements over the contract, payment was not
rendered to the construction firm until 1996. Payment to Claimant A
for design and professional services remains outstanding.
At Claimant A's request, the U.S. Embassy contacted the GOE on
numerous occasions to request resolution of this outstanding claim.
The then-U.S. Ambassador raised this issue in March 2000 with
Ethiopia's Tourism Commissioner, a former board member on EDHC. The
Commissioner reasserted his willingness to help but neglected to
arrange a meeting between Claimant A's local representatives and
EDHC officials. For the past eight years, Claimant A has neither
contacted the Embassy nor requested additional U.S. Government
assistance.
¶6. a. Claimant B
b. 1977
c. Claimant B was not a U.S. Citizen at the time of expropriation by
the communist Derg government in 1977. The property is a liquor and
alcohol factory in Addis Ababa which supplies alcohol to other
factories and retail distributors around Ethiopia. This property
has since been consolidated under one GOE entity with four
additional properties around Addis Ababa, including three
distilleries and one office. The Privatization and Public
Enterprises Supervising Authority (PPESA) determined that the
property qualified for compensation or restitution under
Proclamation No. 110/1995.
In 1998, a valuation study was conducted and the Claimant was
offered either compensation for his share of the entity or the
option to buy out the GOE's share of the entire entity. Following
an interruption of the processing of the case due to the
Ethiopian-Eritrean border conflict leading to the Eritrean
Claimant's deportation from Ethiopia in 1999, a subsequent
ADDIS ABAB 00001339 002 OF 004
proclamation was passed (No. 193/2000), which precludes restitution
of certain properties. Based on this proclamation, the Board of
Directors of PPESA determined that the Claimant was only eligible
for compensation, not restitution. PPESA notified the Claimant of
the offer in 2002. Claimant B has refused to accept the
compensation claim, insisting that restitution should still be
offered. The compensation claim was valued by PPESA at
approximately $370,000, but has since been reduced to approximately
$106,000 based on an additional valuation. In May 2009, the GOE
approved a directive calling for Eritrean citizens to reclaim any
property seized during the Ethiopian-Eritrean conflict. Since then,
PPESA passed the Claimant's case on to Ministry of Foreign Affairs
to review the decision under the regulations of this new directive.
Over the past several years, Embassy officers have raised the issue
in meetings with the Prime Minister, the General Manager and Deputy
General Manager of PPESA, the Vice President of the World Bank's
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), and officials at
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Embassy officers have also
discussed the case on a number of occasions with Claimant B. PPESA
has provided documentation to Embassy officers on the case,
including official correspondence from PPESA to Claimant B. This
information states the compensation claim offered by PPESA as well
as the principles on which the valuation was calculated. Embassy
officers have also met with MIGA, who confirmed that the valuation
of the property was done in accordance with MIGA principles. The
Finance Minister stated in writing his willingness to discuss the
valuation figure with the Claimant.
Claimant B did not contact the Embassy from 2005 through early 2009.
Embassy officers have met with the Claimant on almost a weekly
basis from March 2009 through May 2009. The Ambassador met with the
PPESA General Manager in April 2009 to request that they allow
Claimant B to re-acquire his property. Claimant B subsequently
obtained legal counsel to assist him in his dealings with the GOE.
Embassy officers currently have a request in with PPESA's General
Manager for another meeting to discuss this matter.
¶7. a. Claimant C
b. 1975
c. Claimant C was neither a U.S. Citizen nor the owner at the time
of expropriation by the communist Derg government in July 1975. The
property is a building containing a hotel, cafe, and laundromat in
Addis Ababa established by Claimant C's father. In April 1991,
PPESA indicated that the hotel's asset was valued at $1.8 million,
out of which the GOE's share of the asset was worth $760,000. The
Claimant's assessment of the GOE's share was $99,000. In 1999,
Claimant C became the legal heir of the property following his
father's death. Claimant C disputed the amount to be paid to the
GOE for several years, but finally paid it and took delivery of the
property in April 2007.
New problems emerged when Claimant C requested the title for the
property. Without the title, the claimant cannot secure financing
for property renovations. The GOE's Agency for Government Houses
(AGH) claimed that it still held ownership rights to the cafe and
laundromat. Claimant C contested this claim, stating that the two
businesses were part of the building's original blueprint and were
never transferred to a third party. PPESA offered to compensate
Claimant C for the two businesses he allegedly re-acquired in 2007
or suggested that Claimant C negotiate with AGH to pay them rent for
these businesses. Claimant retained legal counsel to assist with
acquisition of the property title.
Over the past several years, Embassy officers have discussed the
case with the Claimant, PPESA, and other GOE officials. In April
2009, the Ambassador met with the PPESA General Manager to urge the
GOE to issue Claimant C the property title as soon as possible.
PPESA informed the Ambassador that the GOE was reviewing the matter
and thought that a decision would be returned for Claimant C in the
near future. Embassy officers currently have a request in with
PPESA's General Manager for another meeting to determine if there
has been a decision in this matter.
¶8. a. Claimant D
b. 1976
c. Claimant D was neither the owner nor a U.S. Citizen when the
property was expropriated by the Derg government in 1976. The
property includes a machine shop and garage as well as a truck
company that was originally owned by the Claimant's father, a Greek
Citizen. Claimant D, who became a dual U.S.-Greek Citizen in 1998,
ADDIS ABAB 00001339 003 OF 004
originally tried to resolve his claim through a MIGA-GOE agreement,
whereby MIGA would help facilitate resolution of claims by foreign
nationals. Claims by citizens of the United States and Greece were
not covered by this agreement since other bilateral agreements were
in place. MIGA was not successful in this case, and the agreement
has since expired. Claimant D subsequently applied for assistance
under a 1985 U.S.-Ethiopian claims agreement. However, according to
the U.S. Department of Justice he was ineligible, since he was not a
U.S. Citizen at the time the claim arose or at the time of the 1985
agreement. In 2007, Claimant D sought assistance from Embassy
officials.
The GOE asserted that this claim should be covered by the 1985
U.S.-Ethiopia claims agreement referred to above, and therefore, the
agreement relieves the GOE of any obligations in this matter. In
late 2007, Claimant D requested Embassy support to urge the Ministry
of Finance and Economic Development (MOFED) to correct its assertion
about Claimant D's eligibility under the 1985 claims agreement and
request that the Ministry work with the Claimant on a settlement.
In January 2008, Claimant D informed the Embassy that the Greek
Embassy was pursuing the matter with the GOE. Claimant D requested
the Embassy to stand down temporarily in advocating for his case
since the Greek Embassy was taking the lead. The Embassy has not
had any contact with Claimant D since early 2008.
¶9. a. Claimants E and F
b. 2007
c. Claimants E and F were U.S. Citizens at the time of the alleged
confiscation of an 85-hectare farm inherited from the late father of
Claimant G by the Bora Wereda administration (local government) of
the Oromia Regional Government. Claimant E (legal co-owner and
representative of his three brothers residing in the United States
who were entitled as heirs) managed this 85-hectare farm along with
Claimant F who is a co-investor. The Claimants presented an
investor certificate issued by the Ethiopian Investment Agency and
copies of income tax receipts paid through December 2007.
The Claimants allege that they were forcibly removed from the farm
at gunpoint by the Eastern Oromia Administration, Bora Wereda
Officials, and the local farmer's association leadership. The
Claimants estimated the confiscated property to be worth about $16
million. The property is comprised of: 17 hectares of
ready-to-harvest land planted with vegetables, fruits and food
crops; 3.5 hectares of seedling nursery; a residential building; a
barn; 37 live cattle; generators; irrigation pumps; a pesticide
sprayer; and a variety of farm tools and supporting equipment.
There is no official or third-party valuation of the land in
question.
The Claimants appealed to regional and national authorities in order
to find administrative solutions to this matter, but have not had
success to date. They asked the Embassy to delay involvement until
they exhaust every available avenue. Claimants E and F last
contacted the Embassy in March 2008.
¶10. a. Claimant G
b. 2008
c. Claimant G was a U.S. Citizen at the time of the claimed
expropriation of his land and other properties. Claimant G returned
to Ethiopia in 2005 to partake in commercial farming in the Amhara
regional state. The property confiscated includes 400 hectares of
land and farming equipment (tractors, generator sets, etc.) and
recent harvest years' production of sesame seeds. The Claimant
reported to the Embassy that the 400 hectares were leased to him by
the Amhara National Regional State Land Administration Bureau in
August 2005 for 15 years. The land is in Gonder, in the Wereda of
Quara, which is along the international border with Sudan.
The Claimant alleged that Sudanese government troops ransacked his
residence, burned his house and farm, kidnapped his workers and
relatives, and removed everything from his farm without
compensation. He appealed for assistance at the local and federal
authority levels, but authorities simply denied the occurrence of
the incident. Claimant G feared for the life of his workers and
relatives allegedly kidnapped by Sudanese troops from his farm as
well as his wife and two siblings when he reported this incident.
This Claimant asked for the Embassy's intervention in this matter
only after he exhausts his efforts at the federal level. The
Embassy suggested that the Claimant retain legal counsel to
follow-up on the matter and provided a list of attorneys. The
ADDIS ABAB 00001339 004 OF 004
Embassy has not had contact with the Claimant since May 2008.
¶11. a. Claimant H
b. 2008 (new claim)
c. The Addis Ababa Police Commission signed a contract with Claimant
H, a U.S. Citizen, to supply 30 BMW police cruiser motorcycles.
Claimant H delivered the motorcycles in October 2008 after a
six-month delay. The Addis Ababa Police Commission assessed an
approximately $53,000 penalty to Claimant H for the delayed
delivery. The penalty came in the form of withholding Claimant H's
performance bond deposit it paid upon award of this tender.
Claimant H alleged that the product delivery delay was beyond its
control and is seeking the return of its deposit based on the
contractual terms that make exception for these instances. Claimant
H stated that it incurred a processing delay because it was unable
to secure a bank letter of credit based on Ethiopia's severe
shortage of foreign exchange. This delay caused the products to
miss the shipping departure date of the Ethiopian Shipping Lines'
vessel traveling to Ethiopia. The GOE requires all imports to be
transported by Ethiopian Shipping Lines.
Claimant H approached the Embassy seeking assistance to reclaim its
bond deposit. Embassy officers have met with and held discussions
with several officials from the Addis Ababa Police Commission, the
Federal Police, and the Mayor of Addis Ababa himself. Embassy
efforts have been unsuccessful to date and the last contact we had
with Claimant H was in February 2009.
¶12. List of Claimant's Names:
Claimant A: Ed Reidel, WBTL Associates, U.S. Citizen when the
dispute arose
Claimant B: Berhane Gebremedhin, National Alcohol and Liquor
Factory, not/not a U.S. Citizen when the expropriation claim
occurred
Claimant C: Bisrat Seifu, Hotel d'Afrique, not/not a U.S. Citizen
when the expropriation claim occurred
Claimant D: Paul Constantinou, not/not a U.S. Citizen when the
expropriation claim occurred
Claimant E: Yared Eshetu H. Giorgis, U.S. Citizen when the
expropriation claim occurred
Claimant F: Hagos Girma, U.S. Citizen when the expropriation claim
occurred
Claimant G: Tilahun Tedla, U.S. Citizen when the expropriation
claim occurred
Claimant H: Alemayehu (Alex) B. Ayalew, New York International
Business, PLC, U.S. Citizen when the dispute arose
Note: Post is not aware of any signed Privacy Act Waivers involving
the Claimants listed in this report. End Note.
YAMAMOTO