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Viewing cable 08SANTIAGO1096, Chile's New Action Plan on Climate Change

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08SANTIAGO1096 2008-12-15 12:21 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Santiago
VZCZCXYZ0001
OO RUEHWEB

DE RUEHSG #1096/01 3501221
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
O 151221Z DEC 08
FM AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4129
INFO RUCNMER/MERCOSUR COLLECTIVE
RUEAEPA/EPA WASHDC
UNCLAS SANTIAGO 001096 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: ECON SENV ENRG PGOV CI TRGY
 
SUBJECT:  Chile's New Action Plan on Climate Change 
 
1. (SBU) Summary: President Michelle Bachelet announced December 4th 
a National Action Plan on Climate Change, the culmination of a 
three-year process conducted by the National Commission for the 
Environment (CONAMA).  The plan is divided into three categories: 
adapting to the effects of climate change, ways to mitigate climate 
change and how to increase Chile's capacity to address the problem. 
It replaces the existing National Strategy on Climate Change and 
makes specific institutions responsible for each priority with a 
precise timeframe for completion. Reaction from experts was mixed. 
Some consider the plan an improvement from the previous strategy. 
Some deem the plan's measures incomplete and suggest incorporating 
the private sector and civil society.  Chilean Minister of the 
Environment Ana Lya Uriarte will present the plan at the XIV UN 
Conference on Climate Change the second week of December. End 
Summary 
A Plan for Action 
----------------- 
2. (U) The National Action Plan on Climate Change was created by 
CONAMA under the supervision of Minister Uriarte.  The goal of the 
document is to outline concrete steps the GOC's environmental 
institutions, academic establishments, and non-governmental 
organizations are expected to take to address climate change and its 
adverse effects.  President Bachelet believes this plan will 
demonstrate that less developed nations should also take action to 
contribute to efforts to diminish greenhouse gas emissions. 
3. (U) The content of the plan is the result of a series of climate 
change diagnostic studies conducted by CONAMA as early as 2005.  The 
studies indicate that, if the current level of emissions does not 
change by 2100 the average temperature in Chile will rise four 
degrees, levels of rain and snow will decrease, and the oceans' 
temperature will continue to drop. These alterations are expected to 
negatively impact agriculture, forests, animal life, and 
hydroelectric power generation.  [NOTE: Chile's electricity matrix 
is dominated by hydropower plants.] 
4. (U) The document is designed to address the three objectives 
outlined in the previous Climate Change National Strategy approved 
in January 2006: adapting to the effects of climate change, ways to 
mitigate climate change, and how to increase Chile's capacity to 
address the problem.  The plan sorts 16 specific sets of priorities 
into the three categories and outlines the specific government 
entities that will address and implement each of the priorities.  A 
specific timeframe for completion is also included for each area. 
Adapting to the Effects of Climate Change 
----------------------------------------- 
5. (U) The GOC identified hydro resources, food production, urban 
and coastal infrastructure, and energy supply as the four areas most 
susceptible to climate change.  In order to protect these resources, 
CONAMA studied several vulnerability scenarios that evaluated the 
environmental, socio-economic, and sanitary impacts of climate 
change.  The information gathered from the studies served to create 
a series of steps at the national and regional level intended to 
help Chile adapt to the effects of climate change. 
 
6. (U) The most relevant short-term measures in this category 
include: 1. Strengthening and creating new capacities to face yellow 
fever, dengue, and malaria, 2. Creating a water investigation center 
in the Atacama Region, 3. Constructing a glacier inventory, 
installing a monitoring network and generating a glacier management 
strategy, 4. Constructing desalination plants to provide potable 
water to the Norte Grande cities, 5. Constructing new dams to 
increase the amount of watered surface by 50 percent, 6. Improving 
the nation's capability to predict and respond to hydrologic 
emergencies by repairing and repositioning bridges (240 by 2014), 
building new bridges (180 by 2020), and increasing the availability 
of bridges, 7. Developing new approaches to address climate change 
in the agricultural and forestry sector. 
Ways to Mitigate Climate Change 
-------------------------------- 
7. (U) The plan also discusses the need to reduce the Chilean 
economy's dependence on coal, contribute to a path of sustainable 
development, and join global efforts to prevent the effects of 
climate change.  This objective provides guidance on how to mitigate 
the impact of national emissions by identifying tangible steps to 
reduce them and improve biological absorption of coal in regions 
that rely on agricultural, mining, and transportation industries. 
8. (U) The GOC plans to mitigate climate change by calling on 
specific environmental institutions to: 1. Take advantage of the 
bioenergy potential from agrarian and cattle residue, 2. Create and 
implement partnerships to study second-generation biofuels 
production, 3. Utilize the state's loan guarantees to promote 
investment in renewable energies, 4. Install thermal solar systems 
in public, commercial industrial, and residential sectors, 5. Create 
a center for renewable energy, 6. Implement a Chilean biofuels 
policy, 7. Establish annual levels of emissions for the copper 
mining industry, 8. Determine the amount of greenhouse gasses 
generated by the agrarian and cattle sectors, 9. Design a labeling 
system for new vehicles identifying levels of carbon dioxide 
emission, 10. Develop incentives to use more energy efficient 
vehicles such as hybrid and electric cars, 11. Provide the 
infrastructure and safety features needed to encourage bicycles as a 
primary mode of transportation. 
Increasing Chile's Capability to Address the Problem 
--------------------------------------------- ------- 
9. (U) The document discusses the importance of educating its 
citizens on general environmental issues and particularly those 
related to climate change.  This segment of the plan acknowledges a 
need to enhance the quality and accessibility to information related 
to this issue.  The last objective outlines several steps to improve 
the accuracy of the information the public and private sector use 
for decision-making. The plan specifically calls for a National 
Educational and Awareness Climate Change Plan. 
 
Reaction from Academia 
----------------------- 
10. (SBU) Juan Carlos Castilla, an ecologist from the Universidad 
Catolica, told E/Pol officer that the GOC's move from a National 
Strategy to a National Plan as a step in the right direction.  He 
believes the plan contains useful diagnostic information, provides 
specific consequences from Chile's emissions, and presents a clear 
course of action for the next four years with measurable objectives. 
 Castilla believes the plan falls short in addressing behavioral 
changes.  He would prefer a document that contains a more detailed 
educational plan (beyond the current measures) and provides guidance 
on the topic to schools for the next 10 to 15 years. 
 
View from a Climate Change Expert 
---------------------------------- 
11. (SBU) Eduardo Zanhueza, climate change expert and advisor to the 
UN Economic Commission for Latin American and the Caribbean 
(ECLC/CEPAL) expressed concern to us that the document does not 
explicitly mention a role for either the private sector or civil 
society.  Both are involved and impacted by the proposed measures. 
The plan does not exclude these entities from participating in the 
mitigation process yet Zanhueza fears that without clear guidelines 
their involvement will not be guaranteed which would weaken Chile's 
efforts to reduce emissions. 
Chile's Environmental Commitment on the Global Stage 
--------------------------------------------- -------- 
12. (U) A Chilean delegation will present the action plan to the 192 
nations expected at the XIV UN Conference on Climate Change hosted 
in Poznan, Poland.  Minister Uriarte plans to encourage other 
countries to continue to engage in environmental negotiations under 
the guidance of the UN.  She will reiterate Bachelet's commitment to 
mitigating climate change. Uriarte also plans to ask industrial 
countries to pay for additional studies in the field and 
implementing green technology in developing countries. 
Comment 
------- 
13. (SBU) The 2008-2012 Chilean National Action Plan on Climate 
Change is a comprehensive initiative with suggested concrete steps. 
The document covers a four-year period, which could minimize the 
impact of Chile's presidential elections on the implementation of 
the plan (December 2009).  The Action Plan makes specific agencies 
responsible for each of its measures but fails to outline how the 
GOC plans to enforce the actions listed.  Bachelet announced funds 
will be provided for each of the plan's objectives yet the document 
only lists specific figures for a limited number of measures 
(approximately 412 million dollars. 
SIMONS