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Viewing cable 08KINSHASA584, THE EFFECTIVENESS OF UN EFFORTS TO COMBAT SEXUAL

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08KINSHASA584 2008-07-14 15:05 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Kinshasa
VZCZCXRO6537
PP RUEHBZ RUEHDU RUEHGI RUEHJO RUEHMR RUEHRN
DE RUEHKI #0584 1961505
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 141505Z JUL 08
FM AMEMBASSY KINSHASA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 8195
INFO RUEHXR/RWANDA COLLECTIVE
RUCNSAD/SOUTHERN AF DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY COLLECTIVE
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHDC
RHEFDIA/DIA WASHDC
RHMFISS/HQ USEUCOM VAIHINGEN GE
RUZEJAA/JAC MOLESWORTH RAF MOLESWORTH UK
UNCLAS KINSHASA 000584 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958; NA 
TAGS: PREL KPKO PHUM UN SE KCRM KWMN CG
SUBJECT:  THE EFFECTIVENESS OF UN EFFORTS TO COMBAT SEXUAL 
EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE IN UN PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS 
 
REF: A. STATE 68780 
 B. 07 KINSHASA 763 
 
 
1.  (SBU) Summary:  In response to reftel, NGO's and UN officials 
here have confirmed that a number of sexual exploitation and abuse 
(SEA) cases by MONUC peacekeepers are currently under investigation. 
 The good news is that the monthly rate of SEA allegations has gone 
down since 2005.  Also, there have been no recent allegations of 
trafficking in persons (TIP) cases.  Data suggest that MONUC's 
efforts to bring down SEA and TIP are effective.  End summary. 
 
 
2.  (SBU) Emboff contacted local NGO's "Voix Sans Voix" (VSV - Voice 
of the Voiceless) and "Comite des Observateurs des Droits de 
l'Homme" (CODHO - Committee of Human Rights Observers), as well as a 
Conduct and Discipline Unit (CDU) officer at MONUC.  They confirmed 
that an unspecified number of SEA allegations committed by MONUC 
peacekeepers are the subject of internal inquiry.  A UN OIOS (Office 
of Internal Oversight Services) officer told us that there have been 
no recent trafficking in persons (TIP) investigations.  The previous 
assessment of MONUC anti-SEA and -TIP efforts was submitted in July 
2007 (ref B). 
 
3.  (SBU) According to VSV and CODHO, SEA allegations occur in North 
Kivu, Kinshasa, Orientale, and Equateur.  (Note:  90% of MONUC's 
troops are stationed in North Kivu.  End note).  NGO's said, 
unsurprisingly, that incidents of SEA have angered many Congolese 
citizens and they complained that insufficient attention is given to 
the plight of victims.  Representatives of both organizations argued 
that MONUC needs to make both moral and material reparations.  They 
also maintained that the results of investigations need to be made 
public and MONUC employees prosecuted in order to reassure the 
general population that justice is served and to prevent other MONUC 
employees from engaging in similar behavior.  (Note: Local NGOs have 
historically been critical of MONUC and taken proactive positions on 
allegations of MONUC wrongdoing. End note) 
 
4.  (SBU) MONUC CDU and OIOS officers corroborated what NGO 
representatives stated:  that there are several ongoing 
investigations into sexual exploitation and abuse committed by MONUC 
employees.  The CDU officer, however, asserted that the situation 
has improved since 2005 with a decrease in the monthly rate of 
allegations.  The CDU carries out spot checks confirming all new 
personnel receive training on MONUC's zero tolerance policy against 
the solicitation of prostitutes and other sexually exploitative or 
abusive behavior.  The CDU officer alluded to a well-known problem, 
i.e., that it is difficult to have uniform disciplinary procedures 
due to the fact that each contributing country has national 
jurisdiction over their own troops. 
 
5.  (SBU) Comment:  With 23,000 military and civilian personnel on 
the ground, the complete eradication of sexual exploitative behavior 
by MONUC is unlikely.  However, a greater effort by OIOS and MONUC's 
own CDU to publish the results of investigations seems to have put 
pressure on contributing countries to discipline their troops and 
thereby bring down abuses.  The reduction in the monthly rate of SEA 
allegations and the absence of any TIP allegations suggest that 
MONUC's efforts to bring down SEA and TIP are effective.  End 
comment. 
 
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