Keep Us Strong WikiLeaks logo

Currently released so far... 97115 / 251,287

Articles

Browse latest releases

Browse by creation date

Browse by origin

A B C D F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

Browse by tag

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
ETRD EAGR ETTC EAID ECON EFIN ECIN EINV ELAB EAIR ENRG EPET EWWT ECPS EIND EMIN ELTN EC ETMIN EUC EZ ET ELECTIONS ENVR EU EUN EG EINT ER ECONOMICS ES EMS ENIV EEB EN ECE ECOSOC EK ENVIRONMENT EFIS EI EWT ENGRD ECPSN EXIM EIAD ERIN ECPC EDEV ENGY ECTRD EPA ESTH ECCT EINVECON ENGR ERTD EUR EAP EWWC ELTD EL EXIMOPIC EXTERNAL ETRDEC ESCAP ECO EGAD ELNT ECONOMIC ENV ETRN EIAR EUMEM ENRGPARMOTRASENVKGHGPGOVECONTSPLEAID EREL ECOM ECONETRDEAGRJA ETCC ETRG ECONOMY EMED ETR ENERG EITC EFINOECD EURM EENG ERA EXPORT ENRD ECONEINVETRDEFINELABETRDKTDBPGOVOPIC EGEN EBRD EVIN ETRAD ECOWAS EFTA ECONETRDBESPAR EGOVSY EPIN EID ECONENRG EDRC ESENV ETT EB ENER ELTNSNAR ECHEVARRIA ETRC EPIT EDUC ESA EFI ENRGY ESCI EE EAIDXMXAXBXFFR EETC ECIP EIAID EIVN EBEXP ESTN EING EGOV ETRA EPETEIND ELAN ETRDGK EAIDRW ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS EPEC ENVI ELN EAG EPCS EPRT EPTED ETRB EUM EAIDS EFIC EFINECONEAIDUNGAGM EAIDAR ESF EIDN ELAM EDU EV EAIDAF ECN EDA EXBS EINTECPS ENRGTRGYETRDBEXPBTIOSZ EPREL EAC EINVEFIN ETA EAGER EINDIR ECA ECLAC ELAP EITI EUCOM ECONEFINETRDPGOVEAGRPTERKTFNKCRMEAID EARG ELDIN EINVKSCA ENNP EFINECONCS EFINTS ECCP ETC EAIRASECCASCID EINN ETRP EAIDNI EFQ ECOQKPKO EGPHUM EBUD ECONEINVEFINPGOVIZ ENERGY ELB EINDETRD EMI ECONEFIN EIB EURN ETRDEINVTINTCS EIN EFIM ETIO ELAINE EMN EATO EWTR EIPR EINVETC ETTD ETDR EIQ ECONCS EPPD ENRGIZ EISL ESPINOSA ELEC EAIG ESLCO EUREM ENTG ERD EINVECONSENVCSJA EEPET EUNCH ECINECONCS ETRO ETRDECONWTOCS ECUN EFND EPECO EAIRECONRP ERGR ETRDPGOV ECPN ENRGMO EPWR EET EAIS EAGRE EDUARDO EAGRRP EAIDPHUMPRELUG EICN ECONQH EVN EGHG ELBR EINF EAIDHO EENV ETEX ERNG ED
KMDR KPAO KPKO KJUS KCRM KGHG KFRD KWMN KDEM KTFN KHIV KGIC KIDE KSCA KNNP KHUM KIPR KSUM KISL KIRF KCOR KRCM KPAL KWBG KN KS KOMC KSEP KFLU KPWR KTIA KSEO KMPI KHLS KICC KSTH KMCA KVPR KPRM KE KU KZ KFLO KSAF KTIP KTEX KBCT KOCI KOLY KOR KAWC KACT KUNR KTDB KSTC KLIG KSKN KNN KCFE KCIP KGHA KHDP KPOW KUNC KDRL KV KPREL KCRS KPOL KRVC KRIM KGIT KWIR KT KIRC KOMO KRFD KUWAIT KG KFIN KSCI KTFIN KFTN KGOV KPRV KSAC KGIV KCRIM KPIR KSOC KBIO KW KGLB KMWN KPO KFSC KSEAO KSTCPL KSI KPRP KREC KFPC KUNH KCSA KMRS KNDP KR KICCPUR KPPAO KCSY KTBT KCIS KNEP KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KNNB KGCC KINR KPOP KMFO KENV KNAR KVIR KDRG KDMR KFCE KNAO KDEN KGCN KICA KIMMITT KMCC KLFU KMSG KSEC KUM KCUL KMNP KSMT KCOM KOMCSG KSPR KPMI KRAD KIND KCRP KAUST KWAWC KTER KCHG KRDP KPAS KITA KTSC KPAOPREL KWGB KIRP KJUST KMIG KLAB KTFR KSEI KSTT KAPO KSTS KLSO KWNN KPOA KHSA KNPP KPAONZ KBTS KWWW KY KJRE KPAOKMDRKE KCRCM KSCS KWMNCI KESO KWUN KPLS KIIP KEDEM KPAOY KRIF KGICKS KREF KTRD KFRDSOCIRO KTAO KJU KWMNPHUMPRELKPAOZW KEN KO KNEI KEMR KKIV KEAI KWAC KRCIM KWCI KFIU KWIC KCORR KOMS KNNO KPAI KBWG KTTB KTBD KTIALG KILS KFEM KTDM KESS KNUC KPA KOMCCO KCEM KRCS KWBGSY KNPPIS KNNPMNUC KWN KERG KLTN KALM KCCP KSUMPHUM KREL KGH KLIP KTLA KAWK KWMM KVRP KVRC KAID KSLG KDEMK KX KIF KNPR KCFC KFTFN KTFM KPDD KCERS KMOC KDEMAF KMEPI KEMS KDRM KEPREL KBTR KEDU KNP KIRL KNNR KMPT KISLPINR KTPN KA KJUSTH KPIN KDEV KTDD KAKA KFRP KWNM KTSD KINL KJUSKUNR KWWMN KECF KWBC KPRO KVBL KOM KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KEDM KFLD KLPM KRGY KNNF KICR KIFR KM KWMNCS KAWS KLAP KPAK KDDG KCGC KID KNSD KMPF KPFO KDP KCMR KRMS KNPT KNNNP KTIAPARM KDTB KNUP KPGOV KNAP KNNC KUK KSRE KREISLER KIVP KQ KTIAEUN KPALAOIS KRM KISLAO KWM KFLOA
PHUM PINR PTER PGOV PREL PREF PL PM PHSA PE PARM PINS PK PUNE PO PALESTINIAN PU PBTS PROP PTBS POL POLI PA PGOVZI POLMIL POLITICAL PARTIES POLM PD POLITICS POLICY PAS PMIL PINT PNAT PV PKO PPOL PERSONS PING PBIO PH PETR PARMS PRES PCON PETERS PRELBR PT PLAB PP PAK PDEM PKPA PSOCI PF PLO PTERM PJUS PSOE PELOSI PROPERTY PGOVPREL PARP PRL PNIR PHUMKPAL PG PREZ PGIC PBOV PAO PKK PROV PHSAK PHUMPREL PROTECTION PGOVBL PSI PRELPK PGOVENRG PUM PRELKPKO PATTY PSOC PRIVATIZATION PRELSP PGOVEAIDUKNOSWGMHUCANLLHFRSPITNZ PMIG PREC PAIGH PROG PSHA PARK PETER POG PHUS PPREL PS PTERPREL PRELPGOV POV PKPO PGOVECON POUS PGOVPRELPHUMPREFSMIGELABEAIDKCRMKWMN PWBG PMAR PREM PAR PNR PRELPGOVEAIDECONEINVBEXPSCULOIIPBTIO PARMIR PGOVGM PHUH PARTM PN PRE PTE PY POLUN PPEL PDOV PGOVSOCI PIRF PGOVPM PBST PRELEVU PGOR PBTSRU PRM PRELKPAOIZ PGVO PERL PGOC PAGR PMIN PHUMR PVIP PPD PGV PRAM PINL PKPAL PTERE PGOF PINO PHAS PODC PRHUM PHUMA PREO PPA PEPFAR PGO PRGOV PAC PRESL PORG PKFK PEPR PRELP PREFA PNG PGOVPHUMKPAO PRELECON PINOCHET PFOR PGOVLO PHUMBA PRELC PREK PHUME PHJM POLINT PGOVPZ PGOVKCRM PGOVE PHALANAGE PARTY PECON PEACE PROCESS PLN PRELSW PAHO PEDRO PRELA PASS PPAO PGPV PNUM PCUL PGGV PSA PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA PGIV PRFE POGOV PEL PBT PAMQ PINF PSEPC POSTS PHUMPGOV PVOV PHSAPREL PROLIFERATION PENA PRELTBIOBA PIN PRELL PGOVPTER PHAM PHYTRP PTEL PTERPGOV PHARM PROTESTS PRELAF PKBL PRELKPAO PKNP PARMP PHUML PFOV PERM PUOS PRELGOV PHUMPTER PARAGRAPH PERURENA PBTSEWWT PCI PETROL PINSO PINSCE PQL PEREZ PBS

Browse by classification

Community resources

courage is contagious

Viewing cable 08KIGALI179, RWANDA CONGRESSIONALLY-MANDATED REPORT ON FISCAL

If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs

Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:
  • The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
  • The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
  • The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.
To understand the justification used for the classification of each cable, please use this WikiSource article as reference.

Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #08KIGALI179.
Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08KIGALI179 2008-03-13 11:39 2011-08-24 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Kigali
VZCZCXYZ0025
RR RUEHWEB

DE RUEHLGB #0179/01 0731139
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 131139Z MAR 08
FM AMEMBASSY KIGALI
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 5178
INFO RUEHNR/AMEMBASSY NAIROBI 1158
RUEHDR/AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM 1074
RUEHJB/AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA 0260
RUEHKM/AMEMBASSY KAMPALA 1842
RUEHFR/AMEMBASSY PARIS 0436
RUEHKI/AMEMBASSY KINSHASA 0395
RUEHDS/AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA 0158
UNCLAS KIGALI 000179 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
REF:  A. 07 Kigali 000935 
      B. STATE 16737 
 
DEPARTMENT FOR AF/C 
DEPARTMENT PASS USTDA: EEBONG 
DEPARTMENT PASS USTR: WJACKSON 
DEPARTMENT PASS COMMERCE: RTELCHIN 
DEPARTMENT PASS OPIC: BCAMERON 
ADDIS FOR LISA BRODEY 
 
E.O. 12958:  N/A 
TAGS: EFIN ECON PGOV EINV ENRG ETRD EPET BTIO RW
SUBJECT: RWANDA CONGRESSIONALLY-MANDATED REPORT ON FISCAL 
TRANSPARENCY 
 
 
1. SUMMARY:  President Paul Kagame continues to be a 
strong proponent of fiscal transparency within the 
Rwandan government (GOR).  His government's strong anti- 
corruption stance, policies of financial openness and 
several significant financial reforms have been commended 
by the IMF as well as other multi-national organizations 
and donor missions.  Following the dictates of the 
Organic Budget Law, each fall the budget for the upcoming 
year is presented to Parliament and, once passed, is 
published in both the official gazettes and online. 
While financial accountability has been sometimes 
hindered by a lack of capacity, the GOR is working hard 
to make improvements in the area.  Kagame's mandate for 
fiscal transparency is supported by the large donor 
community who provide 50 percent of GOR's budget.  The 
donor community's support for fiscal transparency is 
often twofold, mandating fiscal transparency in GOR 
budgetary accounts while funding independent projects to 
foster transparency and accountability throughout the 
GOR. End Summary. 
 
2.  Each fall the Finance Minister presents to the 
Parliament the budget for the upcoming fiscal year, which 
runs January - December.  The GOR encourages members of 
Parliament, donors and individuals from the private 
sector to weigh in on the budget.  Once approved by 
Parliament, the budget is then published in the official 
gazettes in Kinyarwanda, English and French.  Since 2006, 
the GOR has also posted the budget online in both French 
and English on the Minster of Finance's website.  The 
published budget is extensive and contains all GOR 
revenues and expenditures.  The online posting allows 
users to view the budget breakouts by Economic Category, 
Agency, Programmes or Sector and Sub-Sector. 
Additionally, the 2008 Budget online posting contains 
budgetary estimates through 2010. 
 
3. Beyond the budgetary process, President Kagame's 
strong commitment to fiscal responsibility has meant the 
GOR has been committed to working with multi-national 
organizations in areas of fiscal reform, anti-corruption 
and good governance.  The GOR continues to work the IMF 
to ensure that Rwanda is compliant with IMF standards and 
codes covering fiscal transparency.  The IMF reports on 
Fiscal Transparency (2003), Banking Supervision (2005) 
and Monetary and Financial Policy (2005) proposed a 
number of recommendations that have been adopted by the 
government. 
 
4. One of the most ambitious projects undertaken by the 
GOR is the Public Financial Management Reform Project 
(PFMRP) which started in the mid-2000s.  Run by the 
Ministry of Finance, the project is designed to bring 
greater fiscal transparency and accountability through a 
multi-tiered approach to creating a more comprehensive 
financial structure and oversight.  Under PFMRP, the GOR 
introduced a broad range of reforms including crafting 
new legal frameworks for the management of public 
finances, development of training programs, strengthening 
audit programs, and implementation of new standardizing 
financial software.  In 2006, the first set of 
consolidated public accounts was published showing all 
Qconsolidated public accounts was published showing all 
revenues, expenditures, financial assets and liabilities 
at a national level.  In 2007, a new Organic Budget Law 
went into effect and the PFMRP began a four-year 
strategic plan with continued financial reforms planned 
through 2010. 
 
5. While the GOR has a strong commitment to fiscal 
transparency and good intentions to bring this policy 
into all levels of the government, the lack of capacity 
sometimes hinders full financial accountability.  In 
October 2007, IMF officials found that implementation of 
the Organic Budget law suffered from complicated 
regulations being implemented by ministries and agencies 
 
that were understaffed and undertrained (see ref A).  The 
GOR agreed with the IMF?s assessment, and the two 
recently signed a MOU in February in which improved 
management and coordination of the budget is a benchmark 
goal of Rwanda's IMF Poverty Reduction and Growth 
Facility Program. 
6. While the expenditures listed in the budget are 
accurate, recent internal audits have shown troubles in 
the management and oversight of the finances, due again 
to lack of capacity.  The Office of the Auditor General 
for State Finances is a government agency that performs 
annual internal audits of the GOR?s finances.  In Oct 
2006, the Auditor General reported that at least Rwf 3.6 
billion was poorly accounted for in the 2005 budget 
cycle.  The audit found, among other things, poor 
management and oversight practices contributed to the 
lack of accountability and called for increased training 
of accounting officers and board members.  The GOR was 
quick to respond, launching a probe the following spring 
into forty-six government entities, resulting in several 
criminal prosecutions.  In March 2008, the Auditor 
General testified before Parliament that Rwf 5.3 billion 
expenditures, out of a budget of Rwf 404.7 billion, were 
unsupported by sufficient documentation during the 2006 
budget cycle.  Reaction from Parliamentarians was swift 
and angry; further investigations will follow. 
 
6. Many donors work to bring fiscal transparency to 
Rwanda. As with the IMF's Poverty Reduction and Growth 
Facility Program, there are often mandatory conditions to 
budgetary support that foster fiscal transparency and 
accountability.  The British, German and Belgium 
governments, and the EU, IMF and World Bank all stress 
fiscal transparency and often participate in budgetary 
and financial policy meetings.  The GOR has a strong 
relationship with the donor community and encourages 
collaboration.  Donors also support independent programs 
that foster fiscal transparency and good governance, as 
the in case of the Swedish and Netherland governments who 
provide monetary and technical support to the Office of 
the Auditor General. 
 
7. While not providing budgetary support, the USG also 
continues to work for fiscal transparency and support 
accountability and good governance in Rwanda.  While 
USAID provides a range of programs that work to foster 
good governance, the Twubakane Decentralization and 
Health Program specifically focuses on increasing fiscal 
transparency and accountability as one of its main 
components. The Twubakane Program works to not only 
provide the district governments with direct funding for 
health care, but to also provide the districts with the 
opportunity to strengthen their budget and planning 
capabilities and demonstrate their management skills.  An 
essential capacity building step within the program is to 
train district accountants in preparation and management 
of budgets as well as software to track funds. 
 
8. Comment: The GOR and President Kagame are committed to 
fiscal transparency and accountability and are continuing 
to undertake numerous reforms to foster accountability 
and fight corruption.  Although the government does 
Qand fight corruption.  Although the government does 
struggle with a lack of capacity which can sometimes 
hinder its ambitious set of fiscal reforms, the GOR is 
proud of its good reputation for fiscal accountability 
and will continue to hard work to safeguard it.