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Viewing cable 08RANGOON94, GOB SEEKS TO STRENGTHEN AVIAN INFLUENZA PROGRAM

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08RANGOON94 2008-02-07 09:55 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Rangoon
VZCZCXRO1600
RR RUEHCHI RUEHDT RUEHHM RUEHNH
DE RUEHGO #0094/01 0380955
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 070955Z FEB 08
FM AMEMBASSY RANGOON
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 7143
RUCNASE/ASEAN MEMBER COLLECTIVE
RUEHBJ/AMEMBASSY BEIJING 1713
RUEHBY/AMEMBASSY CANBERRA 0877
RUEHKA/AMEMBASSY DHAKA 4750
RUEHNE/AMEMBASSY NEW DELHI 4437
RUEHUL/AMEMBASSY SEOUL 7968
RUEHKO/AMEMBASSY TOKYO 5529
RUEHVI/AMEMBASSY VIENNA 0107
RUEHCN/AMCONSUL CHENGDU 1335
RUEHCHI/AMCONSUL CHIANG MAI 1363
RUEHCI/AMCONSUL KOLKATA 0202
RUEAUSA/DEPT OF HHS WASHDC
RUEHRC/DEPT OF AGRICULTURE WASHINGTON DC
RHHMUNA/CDR USPACOM HONOLULU HI
RUEHPH/CDC ATLANTA GA
RUCLRFA/USDA WASHDC
RUEHRC/USDA FAS WASHDC
RHEHNSC/NSC WASHDC
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC
RUEKJCS/JOINT STAFF WASHDC
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 RANGOON 000094 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT FOR EAP/MLS, G/AIAG 
PACOM FOR FPA 
USDA FOR FAS/PECAD, FAS/CNMP, FAS/AAD, APHIS; 
BANGKOK FOR USAID: JMACARTHUR, APHIS:NCARDENAS, REO:JWALLER 
 
E.O. 12958:N/A 
TAGS: EAGR EAID SENV PGOV PREL BIO KFLU BM
SUBJECT: GOB SEEKS TO STRENGTHEN AVIAN INFLUENZA PROGRAM 
 
REF:  A) 07 Rangoon 1180   B) 07 Rangoon 738 
 
RANGOON 00000094  001.2 OF 002 
 
 
1.  (SBU) Summary.  Responding to repeated outbreaks among poultry 
in Burma, the Burmese Government has dramatically strengthened its 
avian influenza (AI) response program during the past two years, 
culminating in the successful rapid detection and response to 
Burma's first human AI case in December.  In 2008, both the 
Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department (LBVD) and the Ministry 
of Health (MOH) plan to improve AI response capacity through 
continued training of staff on early detection and rapid response, 
public outreach to educate farmers on the dangers of AI, and 
coordinating with regional governments to share information about AI 
cases.  In late February, the Ministry of Health will inaugurate a 
new National Influenza Center in Rangoon.  Working with the WHO and 
FAO, LBVD and the MOH will also address long-term projects, 
including updating the National Avian Influenza Response Plan, 
establishing a monitoring and evaluation framework to access gaps, 
developing biosecurity measures at live bird markets, improving 
surveillance and early detection in rural areas, and addressing ways 
to develop a comprehensive compensation program.  End Summary. 
 
Improving AI Response 
--------------------- 
 
2. (SBU)  During the visit of USAID/RDMA Health Official Dr. John 
MacArthur, we met with officials from the World Health Organization, 
the Food and Agriculture Organization, LBVD, and the Ministry of 
Health to discuss Burma's progress in responding to avian influenza 
outbreaks.  According to Dr. MacArthur, Burma made great strides in 
improving AI response since the first outbreak in March 2006.  FAO 
Country Representative Tang Zhengping acknowledged the improvement, 
noting that GOB officials identified areas for improvement with each 
AI outbreak and adjusted their detection and response plans 
accordingly.  The most recent poultry outbreaks in Eastern Shan 
State in November-December were an example of excellent coordination 
between LBVD and the MOH, resulting in the early detection and 
treatment of Burma's first human case (Ref A).  There is still room 
to develop and improve, LBVD Deputy Director General Dr. Than Tun 
recognized.  With continued donor assistance, including funding from 
USAID and partnerships with the WHO and FAO, GOB agencies will 
continue to develop a more comprehensive AI response plan. 
 
3.  (SBU)  During the past two years, LBVD recognized and reacted to 
the need for improved AI response by training surveillance and 
response teams situated throughout the country.  Currently, LBVD 
employs several hundred field veterinarians in 300 townships who 
survey 20,000 farms and backyard poultry, as well as wild bird 
habitats, for AI cases.  LBVD officials work closely with farmers to 
ensure the reporting of any irregular poultry deaths.  Local LBVD 
and MOH teams can then respond immediately, culling poultry, 
establishing quarantine areas, and monitoring both animal and human 
health for future outbreaks. 
 
4.  (SBU)  In addition to early detection and response, the Burmese 
Government, working with WHO, FAO, and UNICEF, have educated more 
than 14,500 farmers, veterinarians, health officials, and local 
officials on the dangers of AI and the need for early detection. 
More than 2,500 farmers, after receiving training on biosecurity 
measures, have implemented proper procedures to prevent the spread 
of AI.  Targeting the supply chain is important to preventing the 
spread of the disease, Dr. Than Tun emphasized. 
 
5. (SBU)  In recent months, LBVD took steps to improve surveillance, 
collecting serum and swab samples from ducks in Mon State, Rangoon 
Division, Mandalay Division, and Sagaing Division.  By identifying 
sero-positive ducks, which are often carriers of H5N1, LBVD can 
 
RANGOON 00000094  002.2 OF 002 
 
 
better monitor these areas for possible future outbreaks and 
encourage farmers to move quickly to kill the ducks before they 
infect other birds.  While LBVD has identified sero-positive ducks 
in 15 out of 80 villages, Dr. Than Tun admitted that these ducks 
might not infect other poultry with AI.  LBVD is ready for another 
outbreak, he said, recognizing that Burma is now entering peak AI 
period. 
 
Looking Toward the Future 
------------------------- 
 
6.  (SBU)  WHO and FAO officials acknowledged that the GOB still has 
work to do to strengthen its AI program.  The National Avian 
Influenza Response Plan should be updated to incorporate best 
practices and lessons learned, Tang told us.  WHO and FAO will work 
with the GOB agencies to establish a monitoring and evaluation 
framework, which will enhance the monitoring of donor activities, 
evaluate ongoing programs, and assist in identifying and addressing 
gaps in the current program.  This project is a long-term one, but 
will assist the Burmese Government in identifying areas for 
improvement, Dr. MacArthur said.  The GOB agencies will also 
continue coordinating with neighboring countries to share 
information about AI outbreaks. 
 
7.  (SBU)  Dr. Than Tun agreed with the need to address gaps, 
including the need to work with wet markets in Rangoon to improve 
their biosecurity measures.  In 2008, LBVD and FAO plan to work with 
the Yangon City Development Council (YCDC) to restructure the large 
live bird and wet markets in Rangoon.  Currently, more than 40,000 
live birds move in and out of the Rangoon markets daily, with many 
culled onsite.  Establishing a separate culling facility is 
important to preventing human infections, Tang told us. 
 
8.  (SBU)  Additionally, the GOB will work to update labs and train 
technicians so they can more quickly identify new H5N1 cases.  The 
MOH, with the assistance of the WHO, will inaugurate its new 
National Influenza Center in Rangoon in late February.  LBVD must do 
the same with their Animal Health Laboratory, Dr. Than Tun said. 
LBVD officials also addressed the need for a comprehensive 
compensation policy to ensure that farmers report quickly any 
possible AI outbreaks (Ref B), but acknowledged that the lack of 
funding from the government precludes implementation.  The GOB often 
compensates farmers in-kind, with either cell phones, low-cost 
loans, or day-old chicks.  The real problem, Dr. Than Tun continued, 
is that "backyard farmers" try to hide their chickens to prevent 
LBVD from culling them.  LBVD must work with local farmers to 
control the market chain, he said. 
 
Comment 
------- 
 
9.  (SBU)  GOB agencies remain committed to improving their ability 
to respond to AI outbreaks and prevent the spread of the disease, 
which was demonstrated again during the GOB's response to the first 
human AI case in December.  The Burmese have come far in the past 
two years and have shown a willingness to work with, share 
information, and openly discuss AI issues with us.  Despite their 
success, they are their own worst critics.  Their honest assessment 
of their capabilities shows a real understanding of the importance 
of preventing AI outbreaks and the need to work with neighboring 
countries to prevent a regional pandemic.  We should continue to 
work with LBVD and MOH to strengthen their capabilities on this 
disease, which knows no borders. 
 
VILLAROSA