Keep Us Strong WikiLeaks logo

Currently released so far... 97115 / 251,287

Articles

Browse latest releases

Browse by creation date

Browse by origin

A B C D F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

Browse by tag

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
ETRD EAGR ETTC EAID ECON EFIN ECIN EINV ELAB EAIR ENRG EPET EWWT ECPS EIND EMIN ELTN EC ETMIN EUC EZ ET ELECTIONS ENVR EU EUN EG EINT ER ECONOMICS ES EMS ENIV EEB EN ECE ECOSOC EK ENVIRONMENT EFIS EI EWT ENGRD ECPSN EXIM EIAD ERIN ECPC EDEV ENGY ECTRD EPA ESTH ECCT EINVECON ENGR ERTD EUR EAP EWWC ELTD EL EXIMOPIC EXTERNAL ETRDEC ESCAP ECO EGAD ELNT ECONOMIC ENV ETRN EIAR EUMEM ENRGPARMOTRASENVKGHGPGOVECONTSPLEAID EREL ECOM ECONETRDEAGRJA ETCC ETRG ECONOMY EMED ETR ENERG EITC EFINOECD EURM EENG ERA EXPORT ENRD ECONEINVETRDEFINELABETRDKTDBPGOVOPIC EGEN EBRD EVIN ETRAD ECOWAS EFTA ECONETRDBESPAR EGOVSY EPIN EID ECONENRG EDRC ESENV ETT EB ENER ELTNSNAR ECHEVARRIA ETRC EPIT EDUC ESA EFI ENRGY ESCI EE EAIDXMXAXBXFFR EETC ECIP EIAID EIVN EBEXP ESTN EING EGOV ETRA EPETEIND ELAN ETRDGK EAIDRW ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS EPEC ENVI ELN EAG EPCS EPRT EPTED ETRB EUM EAIDS EFIC EFINECONEAIDUNGAGM EAIDAR ESF EIDN ELAM EDU EV EAIDAF ECN EDA EXBS EINTECPS ENRGTRGYETRDBEXPBTIOSZ EPREL EAC EINVEFIN ETA EAGER EINDIR ECA ECLAC ELAP EITI EUCOM ECONEFINETRDPGOVEAGRPTERKTFNKCRMEAID EARG ELDIN EINVKSCA ENNP EFINECONCS EFINTS ECCP ETC EAIRASECCASCID EINN ETRP EAIDNI EFQ ECOQKPKO EGPHUM EBUD ECONEINVEFINPGOVIZ ENERGY ELB EINDETRD EMI ECONEFIN EIB EURN ETRDEINVTINTCS EIN EFIM ETIO ELAINE EMN EATO EWTR EIPR EINVETC ETTD ETDR EIQ ECONCS EPPD ENRGIZ EISL ESPINOSA ELEC EAIG ESLCO EUREM ENTG ERD EINVECONSENVCSJA EEPET EUNCH ECINECONCS ETRO ETRDECONWTOCS ECUN EFND EPECO EAIRECONRP ERGR ETRDPGOV ECPN ENRGMO EPWR EET EAIS EAGRE EDUARDO EAGRRP EAIDPHUMPRELUG EICN ECONQH EVN EGHG ELBR EINF EAIDHO EENV ETEX ERNG ED
KMDR KPAO KPKO KJUS KCRM KGHG KFRD KWMN KDEM KTFN KHIV KGIC KIDE KSCA KNNP KHUM KIPR KSUM KISL KIRF KCOR KRCM KPAL KWBG KN KS KOMC KSEP KFLU KPWR KTIA KSEO KMPI KHLS KICC KSTH KMCA KVPR KPRM KE KU KZ KFLO KSAF KTIP KTEX KBCT KOCI KOLY KOR KAWC KACT KUNR KTDB KSTC KLIG KSKN KNN KCFE KCIP KGHA KHDP KPOW KUNC KDRL KV KPREL KCRS KPOL KRVC KRIM KGIT KWIR KT KIRC KOMO KRFD KUWAIT KG KFIN KSCI KTFIN KFTN KGOV KPRV KSAC KGIV KCRIM KPIR KSOC KBIO KW KGLB KMWN KPO KFSC KSEAO KSTCPL KSI KPRP KREC KFPC KUNH KCSA KMRS KNDP KR KICCPUR KPPAO KCSY KTBT KCIS KNEP KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KNNB KGCC KINR KPOP KMFO KENV KNAR KVIR KDRG KDMR KFCE KNAO KDEN KGCN KICA KIMMITT KMCC KLFU KMSG KSEC KUM KCUL KMNP KSMT KCOM KOMCSG KSPR KPMI KRAD KIND KCRP KAUST KWAWC KTER KCHG KRDP KPAS KITA KTSC KPAOPREL KWGB KIRP KJUST KMIG KLAB KTFR KSEI KSTT KAPO KSTS KLSO KWNN KPOA KHSA KNPP KPAONZ KBTS KWWW KY KJRE KPAOKMDRKE KCRCM KSCS KWMNCI KESO KWUN KPLS KIIP KEDEM KPAOY KRIF KGICKS KREF KTRD KFRDSOCIRO KTAO KJU KWMNPHUMPRELKPAOZW KEN KO KNEI KEMR KKIV KEAI KWAC KRCIM KWCI KFIU KWIC KCORR KOMS KNNO KPAI KBWG KTTB KTBD KTIALG KILS KFEM KTDM KESS KNUC KPA KOMCCO KCEM KRCS KWBGSY KNPPIS KNNPMNUC KWN KERG KLTN KALM KCCP KSUMPHUM KREL KGH KLIP KTLA KAWK KWMM KVRP KVRC KAID KSLG KDEMK KX KIF KNPR KCFC KFTFN KTFM KPDD KCERS KMOC KDEMAF KMEPI KEMS KDRM KEPREL KBTR KEDU KNP KIRL KNNR KMPT KISLPINR KTPN KA KJUSTH KPIN KDEV KTDD KAKA KFRP KWNM KTSD KINL KJUSKUNR KWWMN KECF KWBC KPRO KVBL KOM KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KEDM KFLD KLPM KRGY KNNF KICR KIFR KM KWMNCS KAWS KLAP KPAK KDDG KCGC KID KNSD KMPF KPFO KDP KCMR KRMS KNPT KNNNP KTIAPARM KDTB KNUP KPGOV KNAP KNNC KUK KSRE KREISLER KIVP KQ KTIAEUN KPALAOIS KRM KISLAO KWM KFLOA
PHUM PINR PTER PGOV PREL PREF PL PM PHSA PE PARM PINS PK PUNE PO PALESTINIAN PU PBTS PROP PTBS POL POLI PA PGOVZI POLMIL POLITICAL PARTIES POLM PD POLITICS POLICY PAS PMIL PINT PNAT PV PKO PPOL PERSONS PING PBIO PH PETR PARMS PRES PCON PETERS PRELBR PT PLAB PP PAK PDEM PKPA PSOCI PF PLO PTERM PJUS PSOE PELOSI PROPERTY PGOVPREL PARP PRL PNIR PHUMKPAL PG PREZ PGIC PBOV PAO PKK PROV PHSAK PHUMPREL PROTECTION PGOVBL PSI PRELPK PGOVENRG PUM PRELKPKO PATTY PSOC PRIVATIZATION PRELSP PGOVEAIDUKNOSWGMHUCANLLHFRSPITNZ PMIG PREC PAIGH PROG PSHA PARK PETER POG PHUS PPREL PS PTERPREL PRELPGOV POV PKPO PGOVECON POUS PGOVPRELPHUMPREFSMIGELABEAIDKCRMKWMN PWBG PMAR PREM PAR PNR PRELPGOVEAIDECONEINVBEXPSCULOIIPBTIO PARMIR PGOVGM PHUH PARTM PN PRE PTE PY POLUN PPEL PDOV PGOVSOCI PIRF PGOVPM PBST PRELEVU PGOR PBTSRU PRM PRELKPAOIZ PGVO PERL PGOC PAGR PMIN PHUMR PVIP PPD PGV PRAM PINL PKPAL PTERE PGOF PINO PHAS PODC PRHUM PHUMA PREO PPA PEPFAR PGO PRGOV PAC PRESL PORG PKFK PEPR PRELP PREFA PNG PGOVPHUMKPAO PRELECON PINOCHET PFOR PGOVLO PHUMBA PRELC PREK PHUME PHJM POLINT PGOVPZ PGOVKCRM PGOVE PHALANAGE PARTY PECON PEACE PROCESS PLN PRELSW PAHO PEDRO PRELA PASS PPAO PGPV PNUM PCUL PGGV PSA PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA PGIV PRFE POGOV PEL PBT PAMQ PINF PSEPC POSTS PHUMPGOV PVOV PHSAPREL PROLIFERATION PENA PRELTBIOBA PIN PRELL PGOVPTER PHAM PHYTRP PTEL PTERPGOV PHARM PROTESTS PRELAF PKBL PRELKPAO PKNP PARMP PHUML PFOV PERM PUOS PRELGOV PHUMPTER PARAGRAPH PERURENA PBTSEWWT PCI PETROL PINSO PINSCE PQL PEREZ PBS

Browse by classification

Community resources

courage is contagious

Viewing cable 08SINGAPORE86, COMBAT METHAMPHETAMINE EPIDEMIC ACT - REPORTING

If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs

Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:
  • The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
  • The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
  • The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.
To understand the justification used for the classification of each cable, please use this WikiSource article as reference.

Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #08SINGAPORE86.
Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08SINGAPORE86 2008-01-24 00:21 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Singapore
VZCZCXRO9473
RR RUEHCHI RUEHDT RUEHHM RUEHNH
DE RUEHGP #0086/01 0240021
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 240021Z JAN 08
FM AMEMBASSY SINGAPORE
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 4774
INFO RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHDC
RUEAWJA/DEPT OF JUSTICE WASHDC
RUCNASE/ASEAN MEMBER COLLECTIVE
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 SINGAPORE 000086 
 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR INL JOHN LYLE 
JUSTICE FOR OIA AND ARMLS 
TREASURY FOR FINCEN 
DEA FOR OILS AND OFFICE OF DIVERSION CONTROL 
CIA FOR CNC 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: KCRM SNAR ECON ETRD PREL SN
SUBJECT: COMBAT METHAMPHETAMINE EPIDEMIC ACT - REPORTING 
RESPONSES 
 
REFS:  A) STATE 686 
 
B) 07 SINGAPORE 1989 
C) 06 SINGAPORE 3654 
 
1.  (U) Per Ref A instructions, this message contains information 
needed by the Department as part of the Control Methamphetamine 
Epidemic Act (CMEA) reporting and certification process. 
 
Regulatory Environment 
---------------------- 
 
2.  (SBU) The Singapore Central Narcotics Bureau (CNB) is 
responsible for the monitoring and control of pseudoephedrine and 
ephedrine, two precursor chemicals covered by the CMEA.  Singapore 
is one of the signatory countries to the 1988 United Nations 
Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotics and Psychotropic 
Substances.  In compliance with the UN 1988 Convention, the 
Government of Singapore (GOS) amended the Misuse of Drugs Act 
(Chapter 185) in 1998 to control the manufacture, supply and 
possession of precursor chemicals and to provide regulations on the 
import, export and transshipment of these chemicals.  Singapore 
participates in multilateral precursor chemical control programs, 
including Operation Purple, Operation Topaz, and Operation Prism. 
The CNB works closely with DEA to track the import of precursor 
chemicals used in the manufacture of controlled drugs (Ref B). 
 
3.  (SBU) To date, Singapore has reported no diversion of precursor 
chemicals used to manufacture methamphetamine.  Nor has the CNB 
reported the seizure of any domestic clandestine methamphetamine 
laboratories in Singapore.  The GOS is considered to be largely free 
of corruption and neither the government nor any senior government 
officials engage in, encourage or facilitate the production or 
distribution of narcotics or other controlled substances, the 
diversion of precursor chemicals or the laundering of proceeds from 
illegal drug transactions.  Singapore's Corruption Practices Bureau 
(CPB) actively investigates all allegations of corruption at all 
levels of government. 
 
Pharmaceutical Growth Fuels Demand for Precursors 
--------------------------------------------- ---- 
 
4.  (U) Singapore's position as one of the world's largest importers 
of ephedrine and a significant importer of pseudoephedrine parallels 
rapid growth of the pharmaceuticals and biomedical sectors.  In an 
effort to diversify its economy, the GOS has embarked on a strategy 
to make Singapore a regional hub for knowledge-intensive and 
innovative industries.  In particular, the government actively 
promotes the life sciences and biotechnology sectors, including 
pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals.  Statutory Board JTC Corporation 
(under the Ministry of Trade and Investment) spent approximately 
US$330 million to create Phase I of "Biopolis," a state-of-the-art 
biomedical research hub that opened in 2003.  Similarly, JTC 
invested nearly US$53 million to develop Tuas Biomedical Park, which 
serves as a magnet for pharmaceutical companies. 
 
5.  (U) Singapore currently has more than 25 pharmaceuticals 
manufacturing plants and includes among its investors many of the 
world's leading pharmaceutical and biomedical firms, including: 
 
Abbot Manufacturing Singapore, 
 
Aventis, 
 
CIBA Vision Asian Manufacturing and Logistics, 
 
Eli Lilly, 
 
Genetech Singapore, 
 
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, 
 
Lonza Biologics, 
 
Merck Sharp & Dohme (Singapore), 
 
Novartis Singapore Pharmaceutical Manufacturing, 
 
Pfizer Asia Pacific, 
 
Schering-Plough, and 
 
Wyeth Nutritionals (Singapore). 
 
 
SINGAPORE 00000086  002 OF 002 
 
 
None of the global industry leaders produced pharmaceuticals in 
Singapore seven years ago.  On a combined basis, pharmaceutical and 
biomedical companies have invested approximately US$19 billion in 
Singapore.  GlaxoSmithKline, for example, recently invested more 
than US$990 million to enhance its vaccines business.  On a combined 
basis, the pharmaceuticals industry currently accounts for nearly 
eight percent of Singapore's GDP, up from less that one percent in 
2000. 
 
6.  (U) Much of Singapore's pharmaceutical production is for export, 
particularly the United States and Europe.  Exports from other Asian 
countries also flow into Singapore for re-export.  Growth in U.S. 
imports from Singapore has been strongest for pharmaceuticals since 
the U.S.-Singapore Free Trade Agreement came into effect January 1, 
2004.  Imports of such products jumped from US$0.09 billion in 2003 
to US$2.4 billion in 2006.  During the first nine months of 2007, 
imports of pharmaceuticals from Singapore reached US$2.2 billion, an 
increase of 26.4 percent over the corresponding period in 2006.  The 
majority (98 percent) of these imports were cardiovascular 
medicaments. 
 
7.  (SBU) We have asked CNB to provide updated data on Singapore's 
trade in ephedrine and pseudoephedrine (Ref C) and to confirm when 
Singapore will report its annual licit market requirements for the 
abovementioned precursors to the International Narcotics Control 
Board (INCB).  We will report these findings septel. 
 
HERBOLD