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Viewing cable 08NAIROBI277, KENYA'S ELECTORAL CRISIS - INTERNATIONAL HUMAN

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08NAIROBI277 2008-01-25 09:15 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Nairobi
VZCZCXRO0947
PP RUEHROV
DE RUEHNR #0277/01 0250915
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 250915Z JAN 08
FM AMEMBASSY NAIROBI
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 4427
INFO RUCNIAD/IGAD COLLECTIVE
RUEHDS/AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA 9844
RUEHDR/AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM 5738
RUEHDJ/AMEMBASSY DJIBOUTI 5062
RUEHKM/AMEMBASSY KAMPALA 2576
RUEHKH/AMEMBASSY KHARTOUM 1846
RUEHLO/AMEMBASSY LONDON 2606
RUEHFR/AMEMBASSY PARIS 2540
RHMFIUU/CDR USCENTCOM MACDILL AFB FL
RHMFIUU/CJTF HOA
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 NAIROBI 000277 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
LONDON AND PARIS FOR AFRICA WATCHERS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PGOV PHUM PREL KE
SUBJECT: KENYA'S ELECTORAL CRISIS - INTERNATIONAL HUMAN 
RIGHTS BODIES JOIN (OR DRAGGED INTO) THE FRAY 
 
1. Summary: The post-election violence that has killed over 
700 people and displaced an estimated 250,000 more has drawn 
the attention of international human rights groups and 
institutions.  Human Rights Watch currently has a research 
team in country to collect information and analyze events and 
has issued a press release accusing the opposition Orange 
Democratic Movement of organizing ethnic violence in the Rift 
Valley. The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights issued a 
statement calling on the Kenyan government to conduct an 
impartial investigation of killings. The International 
Criminal Court (ICC) has also been drawn into the fray.  Both 
the government and the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM) have 
called on the ICC to investigate alleged crimes against 
humanity, but it is unlikely that either request will result 
in an ICC case. Nevertheless, the international attention 
reinforces Kenyans' hopes that outside bodies can help bring 
resolution to the current ruinous stalemate.  End Summary. 
 
2. Human Rights Watch (HRW) has had a research team in 
country for the past ten days. They are focusing on the 
post-election violence, particularly in Kisumu, Eldoret and 
Nairobi. The team is due to leave the country this week. 
Based on its investigations, HRW issued a statement on 
January 24 accusing some members of the ODM of organizing 
post-election violence targeting Kikuyu in the Rift Valley. 
HRW also stated that more attacks on Kikuyu are planned in 
Eldoret, the scene of some of the most brutal violence in 
Rift Valley.  Prior to that, the team relayed to poloff that 
it had initial indications that the Administration Police 
were involved in killing 43 protesters in Kisumu on December 
31. HRW may send a larger team to more fully investigate its 
preliminary findings.  HRW's press releases have gotten 
extensive coverage in Kenyan media. We have requested to 
Human Rights Watch to make available to us their evidence. 
 
3. The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Louise Arbour, 
issued a pres release on January 21 in which she reiterated 
her deep concern about the continued violence and reports of 
grave human rights abuses in Kenya.  She also condemned the 
use of live ammunition by police in responding to protests. 
She called on the Kenyan Government to abide by its human 
rights obligations and called for an impartial and 
expeditious investigation to determine responsibility for the 
killings.  She called for anyone found responsible to be 
brought to justice. 
 
4. Kenyan politicians are attempting to drag another human 
rights body, the International Criminal Court, into the 
political arena. The ODM's Secretary General, Professor 
Anyang Nyon'go, announced that he has written to the ICC's 
chief prosecutor asking him to investigate alleged crimes 
against humanity and state-sponsored terrorism allegedly 
perpetrated by the Kenyan government. This announcement 
appears to be aimed more at the court of public opinion than 
a court of law.  The ICC's statute does allow the court to 
receive information on crimes within the jurisdiction of the 
court from individuals or NGOs.  However, the ICC only has 
jurisdiction over cases where a state is unwilling or 
genuinely unable to carry out the investigation or 
prosecution. The ICC is deferential to states' attempts to 
investigate crimes. Therefore, the ICC is unlikely to find it 
has jurisdiction if the Kenyan government initiates even the 
most mild investigation into the subject of ODM's complaint. 
 
5. After Nyon'go's statement, Justice Minister Martha Karua 
countered that the government is also considering filing a 
request for investigation at the ICC for genocide.  However, 
if the government makes such a request, an ICC genocide case 
is equally unlikely. Certainly, terrible crimes have been 
(and are still being) committed in opposition-dominated 
areas.  But the crime of genocide by definition requires 
state action, so the ICC would not have jurisdiction to 
consider accusations that non-state actors (in this case, 
opposition elements) engaged in genocide. 
 
6. COMMENT: Ordinary Kenyans give much credit to the 
international community (writ large) as an agent for positive 
change.  The interest and attention that international human 
rights groups are paying to the current human rights 
situation has reinforced this belief among Kenyans. Kenyans 
 
NAIROBI 00000277  002 OF 002 
 
 
see this international attention as concurrent to 
international facilitation efforts, which they hope will lead 
to a resolution of the current crisis and to a return to 
normalcy. 
RANNEBERGER