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Viewing cable 07LAGOS736, Nigerian Grain Production Drop Leads to Higher Food Prices

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
07LAGOS736 2007-11-10 07:43 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Consulate Lagos
VZCZCXRO3673
RR RUEHMA RUEHPA
DE RUEHOS #0736 3140743
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 100743Z NOV 07
FM AMCONSUL LAGOS
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 9578
INFO RUEHUJA/AMEMBASSY ABUJA 9335
RUEHRC/DEPT OF AGRICULTURE USD WASHDC
RUEHZK/ECOWAS COLLECTIVE
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHINGTON DC
RHEFDIA/DIA WASHINGTON DC
UNCLAS LAGOS 000736 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR AF/W 
STATE FOR INR/AA 
STATE PASS OPIC FOR ZHAN, MSTUCKART 
STATE PASS TDA FOR EEBONG, PDAVIS 
STATE PASS EXIM FOR JRICHTER 
DOE FOR GPERSON, CGAY 
USDA/FAS FOR RVERDONK, ARIFFKIN 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: EAGR SOCI NI
SUBJECT: Nigerian Grain Production Drop Leads to Higher Food Prices 
 
 
1.  Summary:  With the drop in Nigeria's grain production from 
reduced acreage and late season dryness, the price of grain has 
risen and with it animal feed, leading to higher prices for eggs, 
poultry, and meats to consumers.  These price increases come at a 
time when the price of bread, which is eaten by all segments of 
Nigerian society, is rising due to the high cost of international 
wheat.   Nonetheless, the rise does not seem to be either 
sufficiently steep or precipitous enough to threaten social 
stability.  End Summary. 
 
----------------------------------------- 
Drop in Production Drives Up Grain Prices 
----------------------------------------- 
 
2.  In 2006, Nigeria produced bumper crops of corn and other grains. 
 In addition, the impact of avian influenza on the poultry industry 
led to a drop in demand for feed.   As the result of these two 
influences, farmers got poor returns on their crops, and many 
shifted out of grains and into the production of soybeans, rice and 
cotton in 2007.  High fertilizer costs also influenced farmers' 
decisions to shift away from corn. 
 
3.  Erratic rainfall in the 2007 growing season reduced yields of 
corn and other major grains, including sorghum, of which Nigeria is 
the world's second largest producer, and millet.  After early rains, 
a long dry spell caused farmers to plant and in some cases replant. 
Another spell of good rain ended three weeks early, severely 
affecting corn yields, especially in northern states such as Kano, 
Katsina, Zamfara and Sokoto.   These influences drove up the price 
of grains used by farmers as feed and by millers and other food 
processing concerns. 
 
--------------------------------------------- 
Exports & Import Ban Also Boosts Grain Prices 
--------------------------------------------- 
 
4.  Neighboring countries, such as Niger, were also affected by the 
lack of rain and have increased their imports of Nigerian grains. 
This pressure also added to the domestic price increases for 
Nigerian grains.   The Nigerian government's ban on corn imports 
from the United States, further exacerbates the scarcity and drives 
up price.  (Note:  The cost of landed U.S. corn into southern ports 
is approximately USD 300 per ton, as compared with the price of 
domestic corn, USD 400 per ton. End Note.) 
 
------------------------------- 
Poultry, Egg & Meat Prices Jump 
------------------------------- 
 
5.  Higher prices for grains resulted in higher costs of feeding 
poultry and livestock.  The high cost of international wheat 
prevents feed millers from substituting wheat for corn in feeds. 
Increases in costs are squeezing poultry producers as they are 
trying to expand their flocks after avian influenza outbreaks in 
2006.  As a result, the cost of poultry, meat and eggs on the 
Nigerian market has risen; the cost of a crate of 30 eggs has risen 
from naira 550 (USD 4.6) to naira 600 (USD 5). 
 
6.  Comment: The increased costs of chicken, eggs and corn comes at 
the same time as the high international price of wheat is driving up 
the price of bread, a staple food eaten by Nigerians of every class 
on an almost daily basis.  Nonetheless, the increase in prices does 
not seem to be sufficiently steep or precipitous enough to threaten 
social stability.  The Foreign Agricultural Service compiled this 
information in GAIN Report 17028, dated 11/2/2007. End Comment. 
 
HUTCHINSON