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Viewing cable 07BUENOSAIRES1850, Argentina's Anticorruption Office:

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
07BUENOSAIRES1850 2007-09-14 19:45 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Buenos Aires
VZCZCXYZ0002
RR RUEHWEB

DE RUEHBU #1850/01 2571945
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 141945Z SEP 07
FM AMEMBASSY BUENOS AIRES
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 9256
INFO RUEHAC/AMEMBASSY ASUNCION 6573
RUEHBR/AMEMBASSY BRASILIA 6438
RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS 1500
RUEHLP/AMEMBASSY LA PAZ SEP MONTEVIDEO 6766
RUEHSG/AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO 0783
RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHINGTON DC
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHINGTON DC
RHEFDIA/DIA WASHINGTON DC
RHMCSUU/FBI WASHINGTON DC
RHEHAAA/NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC
UNCLAS BUENOS AIRES 001850 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT FOR INL/PC FOR CCLINE AND NANGHA 
DEPT FOR INL/C/CP FOR JOHN BRANDOLINO, ROBERT GIFFORD, DAVID LUNA 
AND DIANE Kohn 
 
E.O. 12958:N/A 
TAGS: KCOR KCRM KJUS PGOV PTER SNAR AR
SUBJECT: Argentina's Anticorruption Office: 
Many Investigations, Few Results 
 
REF: A) Buenos Aires 01283 
 B) Buenos Aires 00978 
 
1. (SBU)  SUMMARY:  Despite being ranked 93rd (low) on Transparency 
International's corruption perception index, Argentina has an active 
anti-corruption office. The office has both a policy-promotion 
mission and an investigatory function.  Despite a heavy 
investigatory workload, the office has yet to convict anyone as a 
result of its efforts.  The office attributes this failure to 
Argentina's slow and cumbersome legal system.  The office has 
stressed the importance of working bilaterally with the U.S. to 
combat corruption.  See Ref A for details on the anticorruption 
office's request for improved cooperation.  END SUMMARY. 
 
-------------------- 
Structure of the Anti-Corruption Office 
-------------------- 
 
2. (SBU)  The Office of Anti-Corruption (OA), headed by Abel Fleitas 
Ortiz de Rozas, was created by law 25,233 in 1999 under President De 
la Rua.  The Office of Anticorruption, an independent agency under 
the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights, consists of two parts: an 
investigatory arm and a policy and transparency arm.  It is 
generally a respected organization staffed by professionals and 
appears to be free of overt political interference. 
 
3. (SBU)  The transparency branch, Direccion de Planificacion de 
Politicas de Transparencia (DPPT), is responsible for designing 
policies to enhance transparency and deter corruption.  Its primary 
responsibility is at the national level, but it assists district or 
municipal government as well.  It also administers financial 
disclosure forms for public officials.  Nicolas Raigorodsky is head 
of the transparency branch (as of June 2007), which works closely 
with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in addressing corruption issues 
in international forums. 
 
4. (SBU)  The head of the investigatory branch (Direccion de 
Investigaciones (DIOA)) is Martin Andres Moreno.  The DIOA is 
focused on investigating and presenting cases for prosecution 
involving corruption within the federal executive branch or 
involving federal funds.  The authority relating to use of federal 
money does not extend to money transferred to districts.  It does 
not have authority to investigate allegations at the district or 
municipal levels.  The office, although nominally a part of the 
Judicial branch, does not have authority to independently prosecute 
cases, but can refer cases to other agencies or serve as the 
plaintiff and request a judge to initiate a case.  The office and 
its investigators can produce testimony for the courts and introduce 
evidence as needed. The DIOA has 35 investigators organized into 
five teams, each  consisting of a multi-disciplinary team of 
lawyers, accountants, and other professionals.  It has experienced a 
lot of personnel turnover, as many of their employees have been able 
to obtain more lucrative offers in the judicial sector, other 
government agencies, or the private sector. 
 
------------------------- 
Corruption Investigations 
------------------------- 
 
5. (SBU)  The majority of high profile corruption cases (including 
Skanska-REFTEL B) are investigated by individual judges and not by 
the corruption office.  These judges, however, may request 
assistance from the DIOA in gathering or analyzing evidence, 
especially when related to complicated financial transactions. 
 
6. (SBU)  The 2006 annual report indicated that over 6,000 files 
have been opened to date by the OA, with 688 opened in 2006 alone. 
Individuals, NGOs, and other government agencies can file complaints 
with the OA.  The office then conducts a quick investigation to 
identify if it meets the criteria of a corruption case (e.g. not 
primarily a labor or contract dispute) and that it is a federal 
issue.  If it meets the criteria it will open a preliminary 
investigation to conduct a more thorough review.  The OA does accept 
and will investigate anonymous tips.  The office also has the 
authority to initiate investigations based on analysis of financial 
disclosure forms filed by federal executive branch officials. 
 
7. (SBU)  Despite active investigations, there are few convictions 
for corruption charges.  The main obstacle seems to be the 
ineffective legal system which makes prosecuting complex politically 
sensitive cases close to impossible.  The office consistently refers 
cases (119 in 2006) to the courts or to other agencies (149) for 
review.  The office claims to have had some success with 
administrative penalties related to financial disclosure violations 
or similar violations from other agency rules.  Both Mr. Fleitas and 
Mr. Moreno said that their investigations have been stymied by 
Argentina's slow and cumbersome legal system.  Corruption 
investigations and prosecutions in Argentina take so long that, 
according to Dr. Fleitas, Argentina is still prosecuting cases from 
the mid-1990s. 
 
------------------------ 
International Agreements 
------------------------ 
 
8. (SBU)  Argentina has been a very active participant in various 
international forums against corruption, such as in the Conference 
of State Parties (COSP) related to the United Nations Convention 
Against Corruption (UNCAC) and the Mechanism for Follow-up on the 
Implementation of the Inter-American Convention Against Corruption 
(MESICIC).  Argentina is participating in the pilot review of the 
implementation of UNCAC.  The Anticorruption office is also in 
charge of implementing the checklist reviewing implementation of the 
UNCAC. 
 
---------------------------- 
OA's Perception of Corruption in Argentina 
---------------------------- 
 
9. (SBU) Mr. Fleitas claims that, while he strongly believes that 
corruption is a problem in Argentina, the scale of the problem is 
overstated.  He notes that the current poor rankings of corruption 
indices are worse than they were during the 1990s, when there were a 
number of high profile corruption allegations against the 
government.  He also argues that a review of corruption cases 
indicated that the bulk of them stem from mid-level government 
officials.  He believes that his office has made great strides in 
the field of corruption, but that they have been limited by a lack 
of resources and personnel.  These comments were repeated in our 
meeting with Mr. Moreno and seem to reflect the OA's official 
position. 
 
KELLY