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Viewing cable 07BOGOTA5530, COLOMBIAN SUPREME COURT RULING THREATENS LEGAL

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
07BOGOTA5530 2007-07-30 23:37 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Bogota
VZCZCXYZ0000
PP RUEHWEB

DE RUEHBO #5530/01 2112337
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 302337Z JUL 07
FM AMEMBASSY BOGOTA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 7734
INFO RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS PRIORITY 9214
RUEHLP/AMEMBASSY LA PAZ JUL 8861
RUEHPE/AMEMBASSY LIMA PRIORITY 5292
RUEHQT/AMEMBASSY QUITO PRIORITY 5892
RUEHGL/AMCONSUL GUAYAQUIL PRIORITY 4031
RHMFISS/CDR USSOUTHCOM MIAMI FL PRIORITY
RUEAWJC/DEPT OF JUSTICE WASHDC PRIORITY
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC PRIORITY
RUEHBO/USMILGP BOGOTA CO PRIORITY
UNCLAS BOGOTA 005530 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: KJUS PGOV PREL PTER CO
SUBJECT: COLOMBIAN SUPREME COURT RULING THREATENS LEGAL 
FRAMEWORK OF PARAMILITARY DEMOBILIZATION 
 
1.  Summary:  On July 25, President Uribe announced the GOC 
would introduce a bill in Congress to reverse a July 11 
Supreme Court (SC) decision that removes the legal basis for 
pardoning 18,000 demobilized paramilitaries for their 
membership in the United Self-defense Forces of Colombia 
(AUC) and related minor crimes, and undermines the legal 
framework of the paramilitary peace process.  The bill would 
clarify the status of the affected paramilitaries, but would 
exclude paramilitary leaders who committed serious human 
rights crimes or legislators who cooperated with the AUC. 
The ruling has triggered sharp political debate, including 
verbal clashes between Uribe and members of the Supreme 
Court.  Uribe is expected to introduce the bill in Congress 
as soon as August 8. End Summary. 
 
2.  A  July 11 Supreme Court ruling stating that crimes of 
former paramilitary members were common crimes--not political 
crimes--threatens the legal framework of the paramilitary 
peace process and triggered fireworks between President Uribe 
and the Court.  The SC's decision reflects the stance that 
the paramilitary was a criminal, not political group, and 
leaves 18,000 demobilized rank and file paramilitaries who 
have not yet been pardoned for their membership in the AUC 
and related minor crimes exposed to prosecution.  The GOC 
argues sedition charges should apply to paramilitary members 
who have not committed serious crimes, thereby enabling the 
GOC to pardon them.  The Court's ruling does not affect 
paramilitary leaders charged with serious human rights 
violations or politicians charged for colluding with 
paramilitaries.  The ruling leaves open the question of 
whether it will be retroactively applied to the 12,000 
paramilitaries who have already been pardoned through the 
peace process. 
 
3.  The Justice and Peace Law (Law 975), in conjunction with 
Law 782, set up the legal framework for the demobilization of 
the AUC, offering rank and file paramilitaries pardons for 
their membership in the AUC and for minor crimes while 
providing reduced sentences to paramilitaries guilty of 
serious human rights violations in exchange for full 
confessions and reparations.  Under the Court's ruling, the 
National Prosecutor's Office (Fiscalia) would face 
prosecuting up to as many as 30,000 demobilized 
paramilitaries. The GOC argues this would encourage the 
demobilized to return to crime and would overwhelm the 
Fiscalia. 
 
4.  A meeting between Minister of Justice and Interior 
Holguin and SC magistrates on July 27 to discuss the issue 
was called off after President Uribe accused the Court of 
having an "ideological slant" and threatening the peace 
process.  Uribe said the peace process has been openly 
debated by all sectors of society and should not be 
overturned by one branch of government.  The President 
announced he will send a bill to Congress making sedition 
applicable to all members of illegal armed groups who have 
not committed serious human rights abuses.  He argued that 
guerrilla fighters and paramilitaries should be treated 
equally under the law and that all parties, including the 
various branches of government, must do their part to advance 
the peace process. 
 
5.  SC President Cesar Julio Valencia quickly denounced the 
President,s "interference" in judicial matters and said the 
SC is not obstructing the peace process in any way.  He 
called the President,s statements about the Court and his 
proposed bill a "grave and dangerous" form of censorship. The 
president of the SC,s Penal Court, Alfredo Gomez Quintero, 
said pardons are reserved explicitly for political crimes. 
The heart of the problem lies in the inherent weakness of the 
JPL.  Paramilitary spokesman Antonio Lopez said the 
organization would protest the Supreme Court ruling by 
halting participation in confessions (version libres) of 
former paramilitaries in Bogota, Medellin and Barranquilla. 
The paramilitaries later resumed participation after Uribe's 
announcement that he would seek legislation reversing the 
Court's ruling. 
 
6.  An editorial in the Bogota daily El Tiempo on July 30 
urged de-escalation of the confrontation on all sides, but 
supported Uribe,s call for legislation to fix the problem. 
It said the SC,s ruling was appropriate for legal norms, but 
did not reflect the current reality of a country at war.  El 
 
Tiempo further warned the ruling places the demobilization 
process at grave risk. The GOC has posted its proposed bill 
on the Presidential website, soliciting public comment, and 
is expected to formally present the bill to Congress on 
August 8. 
Drucker