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Viewing cable 07VIENTIANE483, MAJORS LIST CERTIFICATION PROCEEDURES FOR LAOS FY

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
07VIENTIANE483 2007-06-08 06:43 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Vientiane
VZCZCXYZ0008
PP RUEHWEB

DE RUEHVN #0483/01 1590643
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 080643Z JUN 07
FM AMEMBASSY VIENTIANE
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 1303
UNCLAS VIENTIANE 000483 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR INL/AAE 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: SNAR LA
SUBJECT: MAJORS LIST CERTIFICATION PROCEEDURES FOR LAOS FY 
2008 
 
REF: A. STATE 072494 
 
     B. INL/AAE E-MAIL 291726GMAY07 
 
1.  (SBU) Summary.  While Laos continues to be a major 
producer of narcotics, it reduced opium production by 
approximately 69% between 2005 and 2006 and has achieved a 
96% decline in overall opium cultivation from its recorded 
peak in 1989.  Production is currently estimated to be below 
domestic consumption, so opium is exported from Laos in very 
limited quantities.  Methamphetamine, imported from Burma, is 
now the largest illicit drug problem in Laos. A dearth of law 
enforcement capacity has allowed Laos to become a major 
illicit drug transit nation.  The Government of Laos (GOL) is 
committed to complete elimination of opium cultivation and 
supports programs to combat methamphetamine abuse, but 
remains reliant on donor support to sustain these efforts. 
 
2.  (U) Certification Report card.  The following evaluation 
is based upon specific criteria established in the 2006 
Letters of Agreement (LOA) between the GOL and the USG on 
crop control, demand reduction, and law enforcement. 
 
A.  Crop Control 
 
1) (U) The USG asked the GOL to reduce opium cultivation 
below 2000 hectares. 
 
--(U) Opium Cultivation declined 69 % to 1700 hectares 
between 2005 and 2006. 
 
2) (U) The USG asked the GOL to reduce the number of opium 
addicts to below 5,000. 
 
-- (SBU) The GOL reported that it has approximately 7,700 
opium addicts.  GOL efforts to sustain opium detoxification 
programs have been hampered by limited resources as the U.S. 
INCLE crop control funds that support opium detoxification 
declined by 85% from 2001 to 2006.  NAS Vientiane is working 
with the Lao National Commission for Drug Control and 
Supervision (LCDC) and the United Nations Office for Drugs 
and Crime Representative (UNODC) in Vientiane to restore 
momentum to this effort. 
 
B.  Demand Reduction 
 
1) (SBU) The United States asked Laos to reduce 
methamphetamine abuse in Savannakhet Province, where a U.S. 
funded treatment facility opened in 2006, by 3%. 
Unfortunately, the funding currently available to Provincial 
Committees for Drug Control (PCDC) throughout Laos, including 
Savannakhet, is insufficient to support an accurate 
assessment of methamphetamine addiction;  while the PCDCs 
have tabulated statistics, these cannot yet be considered 
reliable.  NAS Vientiane's observations indicate that this 
goal has not yet been achieved in Savannakhet or other 
provinces.  While Savannakhet is working earnestly if 
austerely to promote drug education, the new U.S. funded 
provincial treatment center remains only partially 
operational.  There are two key reasons for this:  the 
center's staff is insufficiently trained, and Savannakhet 
Province underestimated the total operational cost for the 
center.  NAS Vientiane is working with LCDC to enhance drug 
education in Savannakhet (as well as other provinces) and 
bring the Savannakhet addiction treatment center into full 
operation. 
 
2)  (SBU) The United States asked Laos to sustain recidivism 
among former drug addicts below 25%.  The Somsagna Treatment 
Center in Vientiane, Laos' largest addiction treatment center 
and the only facility with both reliable means of evaluation 
and a statistically significant patient base, reports less 
than 3% recidivism for FY 2006 and the first months of FY 
2007.  This has not been independently verified. 
 
C.  Law Enforcement. 
 
1)  (U) The United States asked Laos to establish a credible 
deterrent to drug traffickers and a barrier to the 
importation of narcotics and amphetamines into Laos.  More 
specifically the United States asked the GOL to increase the 
quantity of drugs seized and the number of drug-related 
arrests in Luang Nam Tha, Bokeo, and Udomxai Provinces (the 
Golden Triangle region) during 2007. 
 
--(SBU) Complete statistics are not yet available for 2007. 
Drug seizures and arrests declined in these provinces from 
2005 to 2006, but NAS assesses that this was most likely the 
consequence of drug trafficking organizations shifting routes 
and adjusting methods in response to attempts at interdiction 
by the GOL.  NAS Vientiane will work closely with LCDC to 
 
further enhance this interdiction capability to the extent 
possible with available funding. 
 
D. Illicit drug transit. 
 
1)  (SBU) Laos is now a major drug transit country.  While 
the GOL's interdiction efforts in the Golden Triangle Region 
appear to be paying some dividends, the overall illicit 
transit situation is bleak.  Narcotics, amphetamine type 
stimulants (ATS), and chemical precursors flow readily 
through Laos to China, Thailand, Vietnam, and throughout 
ASEAN.  Laos has clearly become the transit route of choice 
in mainland Southeast Asia and is the lowest risk option for 
illicit drug traffickers moving shipments to larger markets. 
 
2)  (SBU) The GOL is well aware of the transit problem and 
eager to do something about it but currently lacks the law 
enforcement capacity necessary to protect its borders against 
better resourced trafficking organizations.  The rapid 
development of new transportation arteries that pass through 
Laos, such as the Kunming China-Bangkok Thailand Highway, or 
the East-West Economic Corridor from central Vietnam to the 
Burmese-Thai border, threatens to completely overwhelm the 
customs and police units tasked to control these high-speed 
routes.  New bilateral and regional trade agreements intended 
to facilitate trade may also inadvertently facilitate 
trafficking.  This is an issue that Laos will not be able to 
address without greater regional cooperation. 
 
3.  (SBU) Comment.  Laos' efforts to combat illicit narcotics 
and ATS are being frustrated not by lack of will but for want 
of capacity and support.  The GOL, including the Prime 
Minister and especially LCDC, have repeatedly expressed the 
desire to pursue counter narcotics, demand reduction, and 
anti-trafficking projects aggressively.  However, LCDC 
currently has neither the budget nor sufficient donor support 
to achieve the GOL's stated goals.  End Comment. 
MCGEEHAN