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Viewing cable 07LIMA1940, GOP RESOLVES POTENTIAL CONFLICT OVER MARKET

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
07LIMA1940 2007-06-01 17:57 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Lima
VZCZCXYZ0000
PP RUEHWEB

DE RUEHPE #1940/01 1521757
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 011757Z JUN 07
FM AMEMBASSY LIMA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5685
INFO RUEHBO/AMEMBASSY BOGOTA 4706
RUEHBR/AMEMBASSY BRASILIA 7371
RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS 0432
RUEHLP/AMEMBASSY LA PAZ JUN QUITO 1247
RUEHSG/AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO 1308
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHDC
RHMFIUU/CDR USSOUTHCOM MIAMI FL
RUEABND/DEA HQS WASHDC
RHEFDIA/DIA WASHDC
UNCLAS LIMA 001940 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PTER PROG SNAR PIN PE
SUBJECT: GOP RESOLVES POTENTIAL CONFLICT OVER MARKET 
 
REF:  LIMA 1709 
 
 
SUMMARY: 
------ 
 
1.  (SBU) In a near-flawless May 29 operation, several thousand 
Peruvian Police peaceably removed close to one thousand merchant 
squatters from Santa Anita market in central Lima.  The success of 
the Santa Anita operation sent a powerful message that the GOP is 
serious about enforcing the rule of law.  By resolving a tense, 
potentially explosive situation without recourse to physical 
violence, the GOP dodged a dangerous bullet and emerged with both 
its human rights credentials and its image of political resolve 
powerfully burnished.  End Summary. 
 
2.  (SBU) In a near-flawless operation, one thousand Peruvian 
Police, backed by three thousand reinforcements, entered the Santa 
Anita Market in Lima and removed close to one thousand merchant 
squatters early in the morning of 5/29.  The occupiers, mostly 
informal vendors, had taken over the market and refused to leave 
despite a judge's order that the property be returned to its 
rightful owner - the Lima Municipality.  The demonstrators 
threatened to resist any attempt to eject them and appeared poised 
to use their children as human shields in the event of a police 
incursion.  Unconfirmed rumors circulated that Ethnocaceristas, 
Venezuelans and other "agents provocateurs" were supporting the 
squatters and seeking to incite violence for political gain. 
According to news reports, syndicate leaders within the market were 
preventing people from leaving the premises.  Cocalero leaders 
Nelson Palomino and Elsa Malpartida visited the market in the run-up 
to the eviction in a clear attempt to pressure state authorities to 
stand down. 
 
3.  (U) The Santa Anita Market conflict began November 2002, when 
three thousand informal vendors took over the market and set up shop 
there.  The leader of the protest, Hermino Porras, reportedly earned 
millions "selling" lots to the vendors over the next several years. 
According to media reports, most vendors understood they were buying 
property without proper legal title.  At the same, they likely also 
expected to occupy their market stalls for the long haul.  (Comment: 
 Seventy percent of Peru's economically active population, like 
Santa Anita's squatting vendors, participate in the informal 
economy.  Moreover, much of Lima's recent expansion began as land 
invasions by squatters coming from outlying provinces.  Over time, 
many squatter neighborhoods have subsequently been converted to 
formal, even incorporated status.  The Santa Anita case was 
reportedly different because the land is owned by a known entity, 
namely the city of Lima, which has plans to create a modern formal 
market in the same space.  End Comment.)  Despite repeated court 
orders to leave the market, the vendors refused to budge.  The 
situation came to a head in April with the latest judicial decision. 
 In response, market vendors dug in and swore to resist any attempt 
to move them. 
 
4.  (U) Over the last four weeks, in a carefully calibrated 
tightening of the noose, Peruvian National Police surrounded the 
market, cutting off water and electricity.  Peru's Human Rights 
Ombudsman's Office visited the site and condemned the protesters for 
involving children in a potentially violent confrontation.  The 
massive and efficient police operation that ended the standoff on 
5/29 proceeded largely without incident.  Police seized a number of 
weapons in the market, including shotguns and homemade bombs.  One 
policeman was injured by a homemade bomb.  No children were hurt. 
Twenty-one protesters were detained.  Press coverage of the Police 
operations was laudatory, accompanied by front-page images of PNP 
Officers carrying frightened children and infants out of danger. 
 
COMMENT:  GOP RULE OF LAW AND HUMAN RIGHTS CREDENTIALS BURNISHED 
------------------------------------------- 
 
5.  (SBU)  After the operation was completed, President Garcia 
publicly praised the National Police for carrying out the operation 
efficiently, with discipline and without resorting to physical 
violence.  We agree.  The operation also showed excellent 
coordination among different branches and levels of government, and 
a brilliant public relations strategy.  As a result, the government 
dodged a potentially explosive bullet and emerged with its image and 
credentials burnished.  By refusing to back down in the face of 
violent protest, it sent a powerful warning to potential protesters 
that the government will refuse to bow to the demands of the street; 
and by ensuring no protesters were injured in the denouement, it 
demonstrated a commitment to protect the human rights of all its 
citizens, including those seeking to goad it into politically 
embarrassing actions. 
Struble