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Viewing cable 07USUNNEWYORK359, UNSC/ETHIOPIA-ERITREA: THE DEVIL IS IN THE

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
07USUNNEWYORK359 2007-05-09 16:28 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY USUN New York
VZCZCXYZ0007
PP RUEHWEB

DE RUCNDT #0359/01 1291628
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 091628Z MAY 07
FM USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 1849
INFO RUEHGG/UN SECURITY COUNCIL COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
RUEHDS/AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA PRIORITY 1292
RUEHAE/AMEMBASSY ASMARA PRIORITY 1072
RUEHNR/AMEMBASSY NAIROBI PRIORITY 0602
RUEHNY/AMEMBASSY OSLO PRIORITY 0731
RUEHOT/AMEMBASSY OTTAWA PRIORITY 0873
RHEHNSC/NSC WASHDC PRIORITY
UNCLAS USUN NEW YORK 000359 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: ER ET PGOV PHUM PREL UNSC KPKO
SUBJECT: UNSC/ETHIOPIA-ERITREA: THE DEVIL IS IN THE 
DEMARCATION 
 
REF: A. SECSTATE 60811 
     B. SECSTATE 61844 
 
1. (SBU) SUMMARY. United Nations (UN) Department of 
Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) Africa Division Director Titov 
told the UN Security Council (UNSC) at May 8 consultations 
that a renewed appeal from the UNSC was needed to defuse the 
tense and volatile military situation on the ground in 
Ethiopia and Eritrea.  He noted movements of troops and heavy 
equipment by both sides into the Temporary Security Zone 
(TSZ) in violation of the Cessation of Hostilities agreement 
and of relevant UNSC resolutions.  Titov noted that the UN 
Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE), despite restrictions 
imposed on its movement by the Government of the State of 
Eritrea (GSE), had an important role to play in encouraging 
the parties to exercise restraint, but he mentioned the 
possibility that UNMEE could eventually be subject to further 
downsizing, given the impediments to effective operation. 
Titov noted that the Secretary-General (SYG) was considering 
appointment of a new Special Representative for UNMEE and was 
advocating a resumption of the functioning of the Military 
Coordination Commission (MCC).  Most Members welcomed the 
March 29 statement by Ethiopian PM Meles expressing 
Ethiopia's acceptance of the Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary 
Commission (EEBC) delimitation decision, but warned that such 
acceptance needed to be concretely implemented to be credible 
and meaningful.  DPKO welcomed the U.S. statement (ref A) as 
a strong message to the parties.  After last-minute 
discussions with the Qatari delegation, the Council adopted 
the Belgian-drafted Press Statement; text in Paragraph 7. 
END SUMMARY. 
 
2. (SBU) DPKO Africa Director Titov told the UNSC at May 8 
consultations that a renewed appeal from the UNSC was needed 
to defuse the tense and volatile military situation on the 
ground in Ethiopia and Eritrea.  He catalogued incursions 
observed by UNMEE of both Eritrean and Ethiopian troops and 
heavy equipment into the TSZ, namely in Sector West.  Titov 
noted, however, that such a military presence may have had a 
direct effect on the reduction in the number of cross-border 
incidents observed in this reporting period.  Titov pointed 
out that GSE restrictions imposed on UNMEE in October 2005 
were still in place and were increasing, constituting, along 
with TSZ incursions, violations of the June 2000 Agreement on 
the Cessation of Hostilities and of relevant UNSC resolutions. 
 
3. (SBU) Titov made clear that both Eritrea and Ethiopia must 
cooperate with UNMEE, which in turn played an important role 
in encouraging the parties to exercise restraint in this 
tense environment.  Titov stated that neither Eritrea nor 
Ethiopia had allowed the EEBC to resume demarcation 
activities along their common border.  Titov acknowledged the 
March 29 statement by Ethiopian PM Meles expressing 
Ethiopia's acceptance of the EEBC delimitation decision but 
pointed out that the Government of Ethiopia (GOE) could 
nevertheless not envisage demarcation without an accompanying 
dialogue on issues including territorial exchange.  Titov 
noted that the SYG was considering appointment of a new 
Special Representative for UNMEE and was advocating a 
resumption of the functioning of the MCC.  Titov recommended 
that the UNSC send a renewed appeal to try to defuse the 
situation on the ground before it escalates any further. 
 
4. (SBU) Members were concerned by Titov's reports of 
movements of troops and materiel into the TSZ, as well as by 
the hostile rhetoric exchanged by the parties and the 
continued restrictions on UNMEE.  Most Members welcomed the 
March 29 statement by Ethiopian PM Meles expressing 
Ethiopia's acceptance of the EEBC decision, but warned that 
such acceptance needed to be concretely implemented to be 
credible.  The Qatari delegate expressed concern about 
Ethiopian "noncompliance" with the Algiers Agreements, which 
he considered key to resolving the crisis between the 
countries.  Belgian Permanent Representative (PR) Verbeke, 
whose delegation takes the lead on Ethiopia/Eritrea matters 
in the UNSC, urged PR Meles to move from delimitation to 
demarcation, a call echoed by the UK and French delegates. 
Some Members, namely Belgium, Italy, China and Congo called 
for the appointment of a new SRSG for UNMEE as an "important 
gesture" in engaging with the parties.  The Chinese 
representative called on the parties to take advantage of 
diplomatic channels to solve their problems to refrain from 
"aggravating" activity.  The French representative suggested 
the possibility of launching a regional dialogue to address 
 
 
the ongoing crisis. 
 
5. (SBU) Drawing from ref A points, Ambassador Sanders 
expressed USG concern over continued GSE restrictions on 
UNMEE and over allegations of human rights abuses by both 
sides.  She made clear the USG desire for the parties to 
refrain from hostile rhetoric, to withdraw their respective 
forces from the TSZ and to cooperate with UNMEE.  She warned, 
however, that should UNMEE be further handicapped by the 
situation on the ground, the Council must continue to 
reconfigure UNMEE accordingly.  The Qatari delegate said the 
idea of drawing down UNMEE put the UNSC in an increasingly 
difficult situation when addressing the crisis, and the 
Chinese and Russian delegates also supported UNMEE's 
continued "stabilizing" presence.  Ambassador Sanders called 
on Ethiopia to act to demonstrate its March 29 acceptance of 
the EEBC delimitation decision and to resume its payments to 
the EEBC.  Finally, she supported the calls for 
reinvigorating the work of the MCC and for steps to be taken 
to appoint a new SRSG.  Titov told Poloff after the briefing 
he had considered the U.S. statement to be appropriately 
strong. 
 
6. (SBU) Drawing from ref B guidance, USUN introduced 
amendments to the Belgian-drafted Press Statement.  While 
delegations did not object to using language from Paragraph 
22 of the EEBC's November 2006 Statement in the last 
paragraph of the Belgian draft, several (including Italy, 
Qatar and Indonesia) opposed specifying the delimitation 
decision in Paragraph 3 of the draft text.  In a 
reinterpretation of the language of PM Meles' March 29 
statement, Qatar (supported by Italy) sought to include 
language in paragraph 3 that would express Ethiopia's 
"unconditional" acceptance of the EEBC decision.  Ambassador 
Khalilzad convinced that delegation to revert to the original 
text of that paragraph.  The statement was unanimously 
adopted and read to the press immediately after 
consultations. 
 
7. (U) Begin Press Statement text: 
Members of the Security Council remain deeply concerned by 
the impasse in the Eritrea-Ethiopia peace process and by the 
growing tension between the two countries. 
 
Members of the Security Council once again reaffirm the 
integrity of the Temporary Security Zone and urge both 
parties to withdraw immediately their troops and equipment 
from positions within and in close proximity to the Temporary 
Security Zone. 
 
Members of the Security Council are encouraged by the 
statement that the Prime Minister of Ethiopia made to 
Parliament on 29 March 2007 that the Ethiopian Government had 
accepted the final and binding decision of the Eritrea 
Ethiopia Boundary Commission (EEBC) and demand Ethiopia to 
implement fully and without delay the EEBC decision. 
 
Members of the Security Council reiterate their support to 
UNMEE and their demand that Eritrea reverse, without delay or 
preconditions, all restrictions on UNMEE's movement and 
operations and call upon both parties to fully cooperate with 
UNMEE with a view to resuming the meetings of the Military 
Coordination Commission. 
 
Members of the Security Council reiterate their call on both 
parties to show maximum restraint and to refrain from hostile 
public statements and from any threat or use of force against 
each other. 
 
Members of the Security Council welcome and look forward to 
the continuation of the ongoing efforts by the 
Secretary-General and the international community to engage, 
 
SIPDIS 
as stipulated in RES 1741 (2007), including by appointing a 
new Special Representative, with Eritrea and Ethiopia to help 
them to normalize their relations, to promote stability 
between the parties, and to lay the foundation for 
sustainable peace in the region. 
 
Members of the Security Council reaffirm their unwavering 
commitment to the peace process, including in the full and 
expeditious implementation of the Algiers Agreements and 
implementation of the final and binding EEBC decision and in 
this regard call upon both parties to request and enable the 
Boundary Commission to proceed with the complete and prompt 
 
 
demarcation of the border. 
 
8. (SBU) End Press Statement text. 
KHALILZAD