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Viewing cable 07ABUJA787, OBSERVATION OF PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS: REGIONAL
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| Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 07ABUJA787 | 2007-04-25 15:42 | 2011-08-25 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Abuja |
VZCZCXRO6703
OO RUEHMA RUEHPA
DE RUEHUJA #0787/01 1151542
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
O 251542Z APR 07
FM AMEMBASSY ABUJA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 9296
INFO RUEHZK/ECOWAS COLLECTIVE
RUEHWR/AMEMBASSY WARSAW 0279
RUEHCD/AMCONSUL CIUDAD JUAREZ 0275
RUEHOS/AMCONSUL LAGOS 6686
RHEBAAA/DEPT OF ENERGY WASHINGTON DC
RHEHNSC/NSC WASHINGTON DC
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHINGTON DC
RUEKDIA/DIA WASHDC
RHMFISS/HQ USEUCOM VAIHINGEN GE
RUFOADA/JAC MOLESWORTH RAF MOLESWORTH UK
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 05 ABUJA 000787
SIPDIS
SENSITIVE
SIPDIS
DOE FOR CAROLYN GAY
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: PGOV KDEM NI ELECTIONS
SUBJECT: OBSERVATION OF PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS: REGIONAL
PERSPECTIVE
REF: A. ABUJA 771
¶B. ABUJA 766
¶C. ABUJA 746
ABUJA 00000787 001.2 OF 005
THIS MESSAGE IS SENSITIVE BUT UNCLASSIFIED. NOT FOR INTERNET
DISTRIBUTION.
¶1. (SBU) SUMMARY. The April 21 presidential and National
Assembly elections were marred with irregularities similar to
those of the April 14 gubernatorial and state assembly polls
(Ref. C). However, in some instances, irregularities
observed were significantly worse than the previous weekend's
election. Reprinted presidential ballots ordered following
the April 16 Supreme Court decision restoring Vice President
Atiku's candidacy did not arrive in Abuja until late
afternoon April 20. Mission observers report some locations
received presidential ballots late on the 21st (delaying the
opening of polls to as late as 1600 in some instances) and
some never received ballots or other materials and no vote
was held. Polling stations across the country received
insufficient numbers of presidential ballots, and the ballots
which were received were not numbered and did not list
candidate names nor photos. They only showed party symbols.
In some states, polling stations never opened in areas
outside the state capital. Mission observers estimate a
turnout of 10-20 percent at polling stations that actually
opened. END SUMMARY.
North Central Zone
------------------
¶2. (SBU) Much like the country as a whole, observations in
the north central zone ranged from a fairly organized,
transparent process to disorganization and blatant fraud.
There was sporadic violence in some areas, with at least one
person killed in Benue state and more than a half dozen
killed in neighboring Nassarawa state. Mission observers in
both Niger and Plateau states reported most of the election
materials were delivered and voting took place in an
environment of relative calm. In Niger state, voting was
generally well organized, despite the fact that no Senate
ballots were cast in the polling stations visited by Mission
observers due to a lack of ballots for this race. Many
polling places had separate ballot boxes for each seat being
contested. Niger state vote counts witnessed by Embassy
observers were transparent.
¶3. (SBU) Mission observers in Plateau state also reported a
relatively orderly process, with polling stations well
supplied and voting conducted in a relatively orderly
fashion. Mission observers noted some polling stations never
opened; local contacts alleged these stations were located in
opposition-controlled areas. Observers visited a number of
local government areas, including home to the deputy Senate
President, a ruling party stalwart who lost in his bid for
reelection. Voter turnout was light throughout the state.
¶4. (SBU) Mission observers in Benue state reported a
thoroughly disorganized and fraudulent process. Mission and
other international observers witnessed cases of ballot
snatching, ballot box stuffing, intimidation, and delivery of
voting material by PDP party agents (including the Governor's
brother). Many rural areas did not receive materials, and
voter turnout was in the neighborhood of 10-20 percent where
voting did occur. In many polling stations, despite the low
turnout, mission observers noted vote tabulations indicating
nearly 100 percent turnout.
North West Zone
---------------
¶5. (SBU) The Mission fielded fourteen observers in Kaduna,
Katsina, Sokoto, and Zamfara States. For security reasons,
Mission personnel were not deployed to Kano State.
Throughout the North West, most polling stations opened
between 1130 and 1400, though areas of Kaduna North opened as
late as 1630. Regardless of the late opening, polls closed
between 1630 and 1800. Angry mobs had gathered to protest
the late opening in several towns in Katsina, Kano, and
ABUJA 00000787 002.2 OF 005
Kaduna North. Voting in Sokoto and Zamfara was reported to be
calm throughout the day. Overall, voter turnout was low, due
in part to high voter apathy. We estimate that voter turnout
averaged 10-25 percent where voting was held. Domestic
observer contacts in Kaduna South and parts of Katsina and
Kano State report that no elections had taken place at all.
Mission observers report that most polling stations were
managed by poorly trained and inadequate INEC staff and
received insufficient materials, including ballots (no
Senatorial ballots delivered in Kaduna State), ink pads,
voters rolls, and tally sheets. In Buhari's hometown in
Katsina State, fewer than 50% of ballots were delivered for
the amount of registered voters in Daura LGA, fueling anger
at INEC officials there. In fact, Buhari himself did not
cast a ballot that day, as his name did not appear on the
voters roll. Women voter turnout was high or equal to men in
Sokoto, Zamfara, and Kaduna North, but low in other areas of
the zone.
¶6. (SBU) Endemic underage voting was observed in Katsina,
Sokoto, and Zamfara States. At one station in Katsina
metropolis, Mission personnel observed a group of irate
children hound PDP party agents when they refused to pay them
for casting a PDP vote. Party agents and security service
personnel were seen hovering around ballot boxes, noting for
whom voters cast ballots. Only PDP party agents were present
at many polling stations in Katsina metropolis and Kaduna
North. Neither the privacy of balloting nor security of the
ballot box was protected. At most polling stations
throughout the North West, the ballot count was methodical
and orderly; however, the collation centers appeared tense
and chaotic in Katsina. Since most polling stations in
Kaduna, Katsina, and Kano did not have tally sheets, results
from these stations ran the risk of not being accepted at
collation centers. ANPP party agents present at polling
stations in Katsina refused to sign result sheets at
collation centers, decrying the results and electoral process
there as fraudulent and opaque. Also in Katsina, Mission
personnel personally witnessed PDP party agents and INEC
officials changing tally sheet results just 500 meters from a
tabulation center.
¶7. (SBU) Isolated incidents of elections-related violence
were reported across Kaduna, Katsina, and Kano States. In
Kaduna North, Mission observers witnessed riots in and around
INEC headquarters and other parts of Kaduna metropolis.
Contacts also reported that rigging and ballot box stuffing
were taking place at private residences and hotels in and
around Kaduna, Katsina, and Kano city. Mission contacts
report that a PDP chieftain and former official of the Sabon
Gari local government was arrested in Zaria on election day
for illegal possession of ballot boxes.
North East Zone
---------------
¶8. (SBU) The Mission fielded seven observers in Borno, Gombe
and Bauchi states. Though polls in Maidugari opened by
approximately 1100, polls in Gombe and Bauchi did not open
until afternoon (sometimes as late as 1500). A few rural
polls were opened late in the afternoon in Borno state, but
Mission and other international observers found no polls open
outside the state capitals in Gombe and Bauchi states.
Despite the late opening, polls in areas of Gombe state
closed as early as 1800 and in Bauchi, which was under a 2000
curfew, by 1900 (with some observed closing as early as
1700). The Borno State INEC office in Maidugari reported
only 37 percent of needed presidential ballots were
delivered, though they had held out hopes for more. In
Gombe, all polling stations visited by Mission observers
lacked ballots for the House of Representatives. Voter
turnout was low in all three states, as large numbers of
voters who had gathered as early as 0700 departed and did not
return once ballots were received.
¶9. (SBU) Mission observers did not directly observe fraud
being perpetrated; however, observers did witness a polling
station in Bauchi near the end of the day where polling
agents were continuing to authenticate ballots with the
ABUJA 00000787 003.2 OF 005
official's stamp as they spoke to Poloffs, despite stating
they expected no more voters. Mission observers noted
polling officials in one area of Gombe city who were handing
out ballots without checking names against the voters
registry. In Maeltideba (outside Gombe city), residents told
Mission observers an INEC person came earlier in the day with
one box of ballots, allowed two people to vote, then
announced voting had finished and left with the materials.
Mission observers noted that given the quickest time observed
of approximately 2-3 minutes processing time per voter (to
show voters card and receive a ballot), even 150 voters per
polling station would be an extremely liberal estimate -- and
that would only apply to polling stations where voting took
place.
¶10. (SBU) The mood in polling stations across the North East
was much more tense as people demonstrated considerably more
frustration than during the April 14 elections. People still
in line by late afternoon had often stood since early
morning. Others simply gave up or did not come to vote at
all, as evidenced by the larger number of stores and
businesses open on April 21. IRI observers reported unrest
in northern Bauchi state as early as 1300. At 1810, Mission
observers at a collation center in Bauchi witnessed a group
of 30 young men who stormed into a collation center to "check
on the status of the count," shouting at officials that they
would return.
South East Zone
---------------
¶11. (SBU) In the South East region, the Mission fielded eight
observers to four states: Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi, and Enugu.
Similar to the previous weekend, the polls opened late across
the South East and in many areas, never opened at all. Where
voting occurred, turnout was observed to be less than fifteen
percent, ballot boxes were generally not sealed, and many
polling stations lacked or did not use voter registers.
Observers also witnessed obvious intimidation and ballot box
stuffing at some locations.
¶12. (SBU) Our observers in Abia visited four of the state's
local government areas (LGAs) between 1000 and 1800 but never
found an open polling station. The National Assembly
elections in Abia were all postponed because of printing
errors on the ballots, and presidential ballots arrived in
the state at approximately 1230 but LGAs did not start voting
until after 1600. Some voting took place in the state
capitol Umuahia between 1630 and 1800, according to NDI
observers. USG observers were also unable to find a single
open polling station in Anambra state, despite traveling from
Awka to Onitsha and back again and stopping by some polling
stations multiple times. In several locations, angry
potential voters told the USG staff to spread the word
internationally that they had been disenfranchised. However,
in most of Anambra state voters appeared apathetic: people
were working, shopping, and going about normal business and
the crowds of people waiting to vote were smaller than the
previous week.
¶13. (SBU) Voting began in some parts of Ebonyi state as early
as 1330, but in rural areas there were still no ballots late
in the afternoon. In areas where voting took place, many
polling stations lacked official tally sheets to record
results, ballot boxes generally were not sealed, and voters
frequently lacked privacy. Witnessed turnout was less than
fifteen percent (at polling stations where voting occurred).
In Enugu state, voting began in Enugu town and Nsukka around
¶1530. However, observers found polling stations that still
had no election materials as late as 1730. Many polling
stations lacked voter lists and others which had lists never
used them. Election officials seem to be allowing anyone
with proof of registration to vote.
¶14. (SBU) There were polling stations in Enugu and Ebonyi
where despite a late start, a relatively fair polling and
counting process took place; however, observers also visited
stations plagued by fraud and intimidation. In Abakaliki,
Econoff saw a ballot box containing a large clump of
ABUJA 00000787 004.2 OF 005
presidential ballots, apparently stuffed. At another station
in Enugu town, the poll opened at 1455 but the ballot box was
removed by soldiers at 1550 after only 40 of 1,800 voters had
cast ballots. Poloff witnessed youths working for the Enugu
Secretary to the State Government forcibly removing a ballot
SIPDIS
box in Opi, while British observers saw books of ballots that
had been pre-thumbprinted for PDP in Ayiere.
South South Zone
----------------
¶15. (SBU) The Mission fielded no observers in the South
South, but remained in contact with other international and
domestic observers and monitored radio broadcasts in the
area. Voting reportedly did not take place in most of the
region. Even in Edo State, where the April 14 election had
gone somewhat smoothly, many polls never opened. Observers
say that they saw fewer than half the polling stations ever
opened. Those that did began balloting after noon and were
plagued by a paucity of materials. Voters were apathetic and
observers and local monitors estimate less than 15 percent
turnout where voting did occur.
¶16. (SBU) Throughout the rest of the region, virtually no
voting took place. Some observers report that more polling
stations opened for the Presidential election than were
observed the week before; however, they still estimate that
less than 20 percent of the polling places opened in Delta,
Rivers, Akwa Ibom and Cross Rivers states and less than 10
percent of polling places opened in Bayelsa state. The late
arrival of voting materials to different areas in Cross River
postponed the presidential and senate elections one day; the
House of Representative election is scheduled to hold
Thursday April 26. Turnout was characterized as "extremely
low" throughout the region and some observers thought that
"10 percent turnout would be generous" for the few polling
places that actually opened. An opposition contact in Delta
state said violence and massive rigging by the PDP on April
14 resulted in low voter turnout and what he described simply
as "surrender." INEC staff were identified by locals as
"known employees" of the government or the PDP.
South West Zone
---------------
¶17. (SBU) The Mission fielded observers in Lagos, Ogun and
Oyo states. Many polls opened by 1000, while others opened
as late as 1400 in Ogun state. Most polling stations in
Lagos State had sufficient ballots for the number of voters
that came to cast ballots, though the ballots would have been
insufficient if turnout had been higher. Other locations
received more ballots than they had registered voters; still
others told observers INEC promised to deliver more ballots
during the day. Some polling stations lacked other supplies
(such as cuticle marking pens) and/or failed to post voter
lists. In some places, poll workers called out voters' names
from the voter registration list, which in Lagos and Ogun
States were not ordered alphabetically or by voter
registration number. In Lagos, observers noted that voting
officials manning late-opening polling stations appeared to
use this technique to speed the process of distributing
ballots. Some cases of underage voting were observed.
¶18. (SBU) Observers noted low turnout and a range of
irregularities including failure to ink fingers, failure to
check names against the voter registration list, and party
agents performing the work of INEC staff. At one polling
station in Oyo state, PDP officials ordered voters to leave
after which Mission observers watched PDP agents and INEC
workers fingerprint ballots and stuff them in the ballot box.
At another Oyo polling place, a Mission observer reported
that there was no voter registration list and that all
ballots had been pre-stamped for PDP. In Ogun State,
observers noted a polling station which had been open only
one and a half hours had already processed 250 voters. In
another case, a polling station was observed to have opened
at 1400 and closed at 1430, after having ostensibly processed
600 voters. In Abeokuta, the capital of Ogun State,
observers spoke with a group of people who said they were
ABUJA 00000787 005.2 OF 005
boycotting the elections because the week before they had
experienced intimidation by persons with guns and other
weapons. An EU observer corroborated this account, noting
that the level of intimidation had caused her to return to
her hotel. Also in Ogun State, observers noted AC and blank
ballots being counted for PDP during the vote tally. Many of
these PDP and AC ballots appeared to have the same round
print mark which looked not like a thumbprint but more like
the tip of a finger or a round stamp mark. A DPA candidate
told observers that his party was not on the ballot in three
wards in Ogun State.
¶19. (SBU) In Lagos State, there was considerable confusion as
to whether voting should be conducted for the Senate race.
Ballots were never delivered to many polling stations, but
were delivered to others. In one place where ballots for the
Senate race had been delivered, persons claiming to "control
the ward" said that voting for all three races should take
place and dismissed postponement of the Senate elections as a
rumor. In another polling station, poll workers said an INEC
official informed them the Senate elections had been
postponed; however polling agents continued to hand out
Senate ballots. In another polling station, persons of
unknown affiliation announced that Senatorial voting should
not take place and poll workers should withdraw the ballots.
¶20. (SBU) Observers noted that some polls closed as early as
1430, while others remained open until the official 1700
closing time. Where observers watched the count, procedures
were orderly. Observers were unable to observe vote counts
at collation centers in Ogun State, although they did hear an
election official tell security guards to prevent observers
and any non-INEC officials from entering the collation area
after the arrival of vote tallies. INEC announced victory
for PDP in Ogun, Osun and Oyo States, and for AC candidate
Atiku Abubakar in Lagos State.
¶21. (U) This is a joint Embassy/Consulate cable.
CAMPBELL