Currently released so far... 97115 / 251,287
Articles
Brazil
Sri Lanka
United Kingdom
Sweden
00. Editorial
United States
Latin America
Egypt
Jordan
Yemen
Thailand
Browse latest releases
2010/12/01
2010/12/02
2010/12/03
2010/12/04
2010/12/05
2010/12/06
2010/12/07
2010/12/08
2010/12/09
2010/12/10
2010/12/11
2010/12/12
2010/12/13
2010/12/14
2010/12/15
2010/12/16
2010/12/17
2010/12/18
2010/12/19
2010/12/20
2010/12/21
2010/12/22
2010/12/23
2010/12/25
2010/12/26
2010/12/27
2010/12/28
2010/12/29
2010/12/30
2011/01/01
2011/01/02
2011/01/04
2011/01/05
2011/01/07
2011/01/09
2011/01/11
2011/01/12
2011/01/13
2011/01/14
2011/01/15
2011/01/16
2011/01/17
2011/01/18
2011/01/19
2011/01/20
2011/01/21
2011/01/22
2011/01/23
2011/01/24
2011/01/25
2011/01/26
2011/01/27
2011/01/28
2011/01/29
2011/01/30
2011/01/31
2011/02/01
2011/02/02
2011/02/03
2011/02/04
2011/02/05
2011/02/06
2011/02/07
2011/02/08
2011/02/09
2011/02/10
2011/02/11
2011/02/12
2011/02/13
2011/02/14
2011/02/15
2011/02/16
2011/02/17
2011/02/18
2011/02/19
2011/02/20
2011/02/21
2011/02/22
2011/02/23
2011/02/24
2011/02/25
2011/02/26
2011/02/27
2011/02/28
2011/03/01
2011/03/02
2011/03/03
2011/03/04
2011/03/05
2011/03/06
2011/03/07
2011/03/08
2011/03/09
2011/03/10
2011/03/11
2011/03/13
2011/03/14
2011/03/15
2011/03/16
2011/03/17
2011/03/18
2011/03/19
2011/03/20
2011/03/21
2011/03/22
2011/03/23
2011/03/24
2011/03/25
2011/03/26
2011/03/27
2011/03/28
2011/03/29
2011/03/30
2011/03/31
2011/04/01
2011/04/02
2011/04/03
2011/04/04
2011/04/05
2011/04/06
2011/04/07
2011/04/08
2011/04/09
2011/04/10
2011/04/11
2011/04/12
2011/04/13
2011/04/14
2011/04/15
2011/04/16
2011/04/17
2011/04/18
2011/04/19
2011/04/20
2011/04/21
2011/04/22
2011/04/23
2011/04/24
2011/04/25
2011/04/26
2011/04/27
2011/04/28
2011/04/29
2011/04/30
2011/05/01
2011/05/02
2011/05/03
2011/05/04
2011/05/05
2011/05/06
2011/05/07
2011/05/09
2011/05/10
2011/05/11
2011/05/12
2011/05/13
2011/05/14
2011/05/15
2011/05/16
2011/05/17
2011/05/18
2011/05/19
2011/05/20
2011/05/21
2011/05/22
2011/05/23
2011/05/24
2011/05/25
2011/05/26
2011/05/27
2011/05/28
2011/05/29
2011/05/30
2011/05/31
2011/06/01
2011/06/02
2011/06/03
2011/06/04
2011/06/05
2011/06/06
2011/06/07
2011/06/08
2011/06/09
2011/06/10
2011/06/11
2011/06/12
2011/06/13
2011/06/14
2011/06/15
2011/06/16
2011/06/17
2011/06/18
2011/06/19
2011/06/20
2011/06/21
2011/06/22
2011/06/23
2011/06/24
2011/06/25
2011/06/26
2011/06/27
2011/06/28
2011/06/29
2011/06/30
2011/07/01
2011/07/02
2011/07/04
2011/07/05
2011/07/06
2011/07/07
2011/07/08
2011/07/10
2011/07/11
2011/07/12
2011/07/13
2011/07/14
2011/07/15
2011/07/16
2011/07/17
2011/07/18
2011/07/19
2011/07/20
2011/07/21
2011/07/22
2011/07/23
2011/07/25
2011/07/27
2011/07/28
2011/07/29
2011/07/31
2011/08/01
2011/08/02
2011/08/03
2011/08/05
2011/08/06
2011/08/07
2011/08/08
2011/08/10
2011/08/11
2011/08/12
2011/08/13
2011/08/15
2011/08/16
2011/08/17
2011/08/19
2011/08/21
2011/08/22
2011/08/23
2011/08/24
2011/08/25
Browse by creation date
Browse by origin
Embassy Athens
Embassy Asuncion
Embassy Astana
Embassy Asmara
Embassy Ashgabat
Embassy Apia
Embassy Antananarivo
Embassy Ankara
Embassy Amman
Embassy Algiers
Embassy Addis Ababa
Embassy Accra
Embassy Abuja
Embassy Abu Dhabi
Embassy Abidjan
Consulate Auckland
Consulate Amsterdam
Consulate Alexandria
Consulate Adana
American Institute Taiwan, Taipei
Embasy Bonn
Embassy Bujumbura
Embassy Buenos Aires
Embassy Budapest
Embassy Bucharest
Embassy Brussels
Embassy Bridgetown
Embassy Brazzaville
Embassy Bratislava
Embassy Brasilia
Embassy Bogota
Embassy Bishkek
Embassy Bern
Embassy Berlin
Embassy Belmopan
Embassy Belgrade
Embassy Beirut
Embassy Beijing
Embassy Banjul
Embassy Bangui
Embassy Bangkok
Embassy Bandar Seri Begawan
Embassy Bamako
Embassy Baku
Embassy Baghdad
Consulate Belfast
Consulate Barcelona
Embassy Cotonou
Embassy Copenhagen
Embassy Conakry
Embassy Colombo
Embassy Chisinau
Embassy Caracas
Embassy Canberra
Embassy Cairo
Consulate Curacao
Consulate Ciudad Juarez
Consulate Chiang Mai
Consulate Chennai
Consulate Chengdu
Consulate Casablanca
Consulate Cape Town
Consulate Calgary
Embassy Dushanbe
Embassy Dublin
Embassy Doha
Embassy Djibouti
Embassy Dili
Embassy Dhaka
Embassy Dar Es Salaam
Embassy Damascus
Embassy Dakar
DIR FSINFATC
Consulate Dusseldorf
Consulate Durban
Consulate Dubai
Consulate Dhahran
Embassy Guatemala
Embassy Grenada
Embassy Georgetown
Embassy Gaborone
Consulate Guayaquil
Consulate Guangzhou
Consulate Guadalajara
Embassy Helsinki
Embassy Harare
Embassy Hanoi
Consulate Hong Kong
Consulate Ho Chi Minh City
Consulate Hermosillo
Consulate Hamilton
Consulate Hamburg
Consulate Halifax
Embassy Kyiv
Embassy Kuwait
Embassy Kuala Lumpur
Embassy Kolonia
Embassy Kinshasa
Embassy Kingston
Embassy Kigali
Embassy Khartoum
Embassy Kathmandu
Embassy Kampala
Embassy Kabul
Consulate Krakow
Consulate Kolkata
Consulate Karachi
Consulate Kaduna
Embassy Luxembourg
Embassy Lusaka
Embassy Luanda
Embassy London
Embassy Lome
Embassy Ljubljana
Embassy Lisbon
Embassy Lima
Embassy Lilongwe
Embassy Libreville
Embassy La Paz
Consulate Leipzig
Consulate Lahore
Consulate Lagos
Mission USOSCE
Mission USNATO
Mission UNESCO
Mission Geneva
Embassy Muscat
Embassy Moscow
Embassy Montevideo
Embassy Monrovia
Embassy Mogadishu
Embassy Minsk
Embassy Mexico
Embassy Mbabane
Embassy Maseru
Embassy Maputo
Embassy Manila
Embassy Manama
Embassy Managua
Embassy Malabo
Embassy Madrid
Consulate Munich
Consulate Mumbai
Consulate Montreal
Consulate Monterrey
Consulate Milan
Consulate Merida
Consulate Melbourne
Consulate Matamoros
Consulate Marseille
Embassy Nouakchott
Embassy Nicosia
Embassy Niamey
Embassy New Delhi
Embassy Ndjamena
Embassy Nassau
Embassy Nairobi
Consulate Nuevo Laredo
Consulate Naples
Consulate Naha
Consulate Nagoya
Embassy Pristina
Embassy Pretoria
Embassy Praia
Embassy Prague
Embassy Port Of Spain
Embassy Port Moresby
Embassy Port Louis
Embassy Port Au Prince
Embassy Podgorica
Embassy Phnom Penh
Embassy Paris
Embassy Paramaribo
Embassy Panama
Consulate Ponta Delgada
Consulate Peshawar
REO Mosul
REO Kirkuk
REO Hillah
REO Basrah
Embassy Rome
Embassy Riyadh
Embassy Riga
Embassy Reykjavik
Embassy Rangoon
Embassy Rabat
Consulate Rio De Janeiro
Consulate Recife
Secretary of State
Embassy Suva
Embassy Stockholm
Embassy Sofia
Embassy Skopje
Embassy Singapore
Embassy Seoul
Embassy Sarajevo
Embassy Santo Domingo
Embassy Santiago
Embassy Sanaa
Embassy San Salvador
Embassy San Jose
Consulate Surabaya
Consulate Strasbourg
Consulate St Petersburg
Consulate Shenyang
Consulate Shanghai
Consulate Sapporo
Consulate Sao Paulo
Embassy Tunis
Embassy Tripoli
Embassy Tokyo
Embassy Tirana
Embassy The Hague
Embassy Tel Aviv
Embassy Tehran
Embassy Tegucigalpa
Embassy Tbilisi
Embassy Tashkent
Embassy Tallinn
Consulate Toronto
Consulate Tijuana
Consulate Thessaloniki
USUN New York
USMISSION USTR GENEVA
USEU Brussels
US Office Almaty
US Mission Geneva
US Mission CD Geneva
US Interests Section Havana
US Delegation, Secretary
US Delegation FEST TWO
UNVIE
UN Rome
Embassy Ulaanbaatar
Embassy Vilnius
Embassy Vientiane
Embassy Vienna
Embassy Vatican
Embassy Valletta
Consulate Vladivostok
Consulate Vancouver
Browse by tag
AF
ADANA
ASEC
AFIN
AMGT
AE
AORC
AID
AR
AO
AU
ASEAN
AGOA
AFGHANISTAN
AFFAIRS
AMED
APER
ASECARP
APEC
AEMR
AS
AA
ANET
AFLU
ABLD
AL
ASUP
AJ
APECO
AMER
ABUD
AODE
AM
AFSN
AESC
AND
AG
ALOW
AROC
AVIANFLU
ATRN
ACOA
AEGR
AMGMT
AADP
AFSI
ACABQ
APRM
AZ
AIDS
ASE
AGAO
ADCO
ABDALLAH
ARF
AIDAC
ACOTA
ASCH
AC
ASEG
AGR
ACS
AMCHAMS
AN
AMIA
ASIG
ADPM
ADB
ANARCHISTS
ALOWAR
ARM
AUC
AINF
AINT
AORG
AY
AVIAN
AMEDCASCKFLO
AK
ARSO
ARABBL
ASO
ANTITERRORISM
ARABL
AOWC
AGRICULTURE
ALJAZEERA
AMTC
AFINM
AOCR
ABER
ARR
AFPK
ASSEMBLY
ASSK
AZE
AORCYM
AINR
AGMT
AEC
ACKM
APRC
AIN
ASCC
AFPREL
ASED
APERTH
ASFC
ASECTH
AFSA
AOMS
AORCO
ANTXON
ARC
AFAF
ADIP
AIAG
AFARI
AEMED
AORL
AX
ASECAF
AOPC
ASECAFIN
AFZAL
APCS
AMB
AGUIRRE
AEMRASECCASCKFLOMARRPRELPINRAMGTJMXL
AIT
ARCH
AMEX
ALI
AQ
ATFN
AMBASSADOR
AORCD
AVIATION
ARAS
AINFCY
ACBAQ
AOPR
AREP
ALEXANDER
ATRD
AEIR
AOIC
ABLDG
ASEX
AFR
ASCE
ATRA
ASEK
AER
ALOUNI
AMCT
AVERY
APR
AMAT
AEMRS
ASPA
AFU
AMG
ATPDEA
ALL
AECL
ACAO
ASECKFRDCVISKIRFPHUMSMIGEG
AORD
AFL
AME
ADM
ASECPHUM
AGIT
ABT
ASECVE
AGUILAR
AT
ABMC
ALZUGUREN
ANGEL
ASR
ANTONIO
BMGT
BEXP
BM
BG
BL
BA
BR
BTA
BO
BY
BBSR
BLUE
BK
BF
BTIO
BELLVIEW
BE
BU
BN
BH
BD
BC
BTC
BILAT
BT
BX
BRUSSELS
BP
BB
BRPA
BUSH
BURMA
BMENA
BESP
BIT
BBG
BGD
BMEAID
BAGHDAD
BEN
BIO
BMOT
BWC
BLUNT
BURNS
BUT
BGMT
BAIO
BCW
BOEHNER
BFIF
BOL
BASHAR
BIMSTEC
BOU
BIDEN
BZ
BFIN
BTRA
BI
BHUM
BOIKO
BERARDUCCI
BOUCHAIB
BORDER
BEXPC
BTIU
BTT
BIOS
BEXB
BGPGOV
BOND
BLR
CE
CG
CH
CVR
CASC
CU
CI
CD
CO
CDG
CB
CJAN
CPAS
COM
CVIS
CMGT
CT
CENTCOM
CNARC
CTERR
COUNTER
CHIEF
CDC
CTR
CBW
COUNTRY
CLEARANCE
CY
CA
CM
CS
CWC
CN
CITES
CF
CWG
CIVS
CFIS
CASCC
CROATIA
CONS
COUNTERTERRORISM
CASA
COE
CJ
CHR
CODEL
CR
CBC
CACS
CHERTOFF
CAS
CONTROL
CONDITIONS
CONDOLEEZZA
CITEL
CV
CLINTON
CHG
CZ
CON
CTBT
CEN
CRIMES
COMMERCE
CLOK
CRISTINA
CFED
CARC
CND
CTM
CARICOM
COUNTRYCLEARANCE
CBTH
CHINA
CSW
CICTE
CJUS
CYPRUS
CW
CAMBODIA
CENSUS
CIDA
CRIME
CBG
CBE
CMGMT
CAIO
CEC
CARSON
CPCTC
CEDAW
COMESA
CVIA
CWCM
CEA
COSI
CAPC
CGEN
COPUOS
CGOPRC
COETRD
CKGR
CFE
CQ
CITT
CIC
CARIB
CVIC
CLO
CAFTA
CVISU
CHRISTOPHER
CACM
CIAT
CDB
CIS
CUL
CHAO
CNC
CL
CSEP
COMMAND
CENTER
COL
CAN
CAJC
CUIS
CONSULAR
CLMT
CIA
CBSA
CEUDA
CAC
CROS
CIO
CPUOS
CKOR
CVPR
CONG
CONTROLS
CEPTER
CVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGKIRF
CDCE
DPOL
DEMARCHE
DHS
DR
DA
DISENGAGEMENT
DEMOCRATIC
DEFENSE
DJ
DY
DARFUR
DHRF
DEA
DTRO
DPRK
DO
DARFR
DOC
DRL
DK
DOJ
DTRA
DOMESTIC
DAC
DOD
DEAX
DIEZ
DEOC
DELTAVIOLENCE
DCOM
DMINE
DRC
DCG
DPKO
DOMESTICPOLITICS
DE
DB
DOT
DEPT
DOE
DHLAKAMA
DHSX
DS
DKEM
DAO
DCM
DANIEL
DEM
DAVID
DCRM
ETRD
EAGR
ETTC
EAID
ECON
EFIN
ECIN
EINV
ELAB
EAIR
ENRG
EPET
EWWT
ECPS
EIND
EMIN
ELTN
EC
ETMIN
EUC
EZ
ET
ELECTIONS
ENVR
EU
EUN
EG
EINT
ER
ECONOMICS
ES
EMS
ENIV
EEB
EN
ECE
ECOSOC
EK
ENVIRONMENT
EFIS
EI
EWT
ENGRD
ECPSN
EXIM
EIAD
ERIN
ECPC
EDEV
ENGY
ECTRD
EPA
ESTH
ECCT
EINVECON
ENGR
ERTD
EUR
EAP
EWWC
ELTD
EL
EXIMOPIC
EXTERNAL
ETRDEC
ESCAP
ECO
EGAD
ELNT
ECONOMIC
ENV
ETRN
EIAR
EUMEM
ENRGPARMOTRASENVKGHGPGOVECONTSPLEAID
EREL
ECOM
ECONETRDEAGRJA
ETCC
ETRG
ECONOMY
EMED
ETR
ENERG
EITC
EFINOECD
EURM
EENG
ERA
EXPORT
ENRD
ECONEINVETRDEFINELABETRDKTDBPGOVOPIC
EGEN
EBRD
EVIN
ETRAD
ECOWAS
EFTA
ECONETRDBESPAR
EGOVSY
EPIN
EID
ECONENRG
EDRC
ESENV
ETT
EB
ENER
ELTNSNAR
ECHEVARRIA
ETRC
EPIT
EDUC
ESA
EFI
ENRGY
ESCI
EE
EAIDXMXAXBXFFR
EETC
ECIP
EIAID
EIVN
EBEXP
ESTN
EING
EGOV
ETRA
EPETEIND
ELAN
ETRDGK
EAIDRW
ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS
EPEC
ENVI
ELN
EAG
EPCS
EPRT
EPTED
ETRB
EUM
EAIDS
EFIC
EFINECONEAIDUNGAGM
EAIDAR
ESF
EIDN
ELAM
EDU
EV
EAIDAF
ECN
EDA
EXBS
EINTECPS
ENRGTRGYETRDBEXPBTIOSZ
EPREL
EAC
EINVEFIN
ETA
EAGER
EINDIR
ECA
ECLAC
ELAP
EITI
EUCOM
ECONEFINETRDPGOVEAGRPTERKTFNKCRMEAID
EARG
ELDIN
EINVKSCA
ENNP
EFINECONCS
EFINTS
ECCP
ETC
EAIRASECCASCID
EINN
ETRP
EAIDNI
EFQ
ECOQKPKO
EGPHUM
EBUD
ECONEINVEFINPGOVIZ
ENERGY
ELB
EINDETRD
EMI
ECONEFIN
EIB
EURN
ETRDEINVTINTCS
EIN
EFIM
ETIO
ELAINE
EMN
EATO
EWTR
EIPR
EINVETC
ETTD
ETDR
EIQ
ECONCS
EPPD
ENRGIZ
EISL
ESPINOSA
ELEC
EAIG
ESLCO
EUREM
ENTG
ERD
EINVECONSENVCSJA
EEPET
EUNCH
ECINECONCS
ETRO
ETRDECONWTOCS
ECUN
EFND
EPECO
EAIRECONRP
ERGR
ETRDPGOV
ECPN
ENRGMO
EPWR
EET
EAIS
EAGRE
EDUARDO
EAGRRP
EAIDPHUMPRELUG
EICN
ECONQH
EVN
EGHG
ELBR
EINF
EAIDHO
EENV
ETEX
ERNG
ED
FR
FREEDOM
FINREF
FJ
FI
FRELIMO
FOREIGN
FAA
FETHI
FAS
FTAA
FRB
FAO
FCS
FINANCE
FWS
FTA
FEMA
FDA
FLU
FRANCISCO
FBI
FORCE
FO
FARC
FK
FT
FCSC
FAC
FM
FMGT
FINV
FCSCEG
FARM
FERNANDO
FINR
FIN
FINE
FIR
FDIC
FOR
FOI
FCUL
FKLU
FMLN
FISO
FIXED
GM
GMUS
GG
GR
GE
GAZA
GT
GH
GZ
GJ
GLOBAL
GV
GABY
GOI
GA
GCC
GB
GY
GATT
GC
GUAM
GEORGE
GTIP
GOV
GOMEZ
GUTIERREZ
GL
GKGIC
GF
GU
GWI
GARCIA
GTMO
GN
GANGS
GIPNC
GAERC
GREGG
GUILLERMO
GASPAR
GERARD
GI
HK
HR
HUMANR
HUMAN
HO
HA
HUMANRIGHTS
HU
HHS
HIV
HUM
HRKAWC
HILLEN
HILLARY
HDP
HUMRIT
HSTC
HUMANITARIAN
HCOPIL
HADLEY
HURI
HL
HRETRD
HOURANI
HG
HARRIET
HESHAM
HI
HNCHR
HARRY
HRECON
HRC
HOSTAGES
HEBRON
HUMOR
HSWG
HYMPSK
HECTOR
HN
HYDE
HUD
HRPGOV
HIGHLIGHTS
ID
ILC
IS
IZ
ICAO
IMO
ITU
IR
IAEA
ICRC
IPROP
IT
IBRD
ISRAELI
IRAQI
ISSUES
ITRA
IV
IO
IGAD
IRAQ
IN
IMF
ICTR
ISCON
IADB
IDB
IEA
INR
IWC
ICCAT
ILO
INMARSAT
IOM
ICJ
IQ
ISPA
ITRD
IPR
INTELSAT
ISN
IAHRC
INTERNAL
IFAD
IICA
IHO
IRAN
IL
IRCE
IC
INTELLECTUAL
IRM
IE
ICTY
IDLI
IFO
ISCA
INF
INL
ISRAEL
INV
IBB
INFLUENZA
ISPL
ITER
ITIA
INRA
ISAF
IACHR
INTERPOL
IFR
IRS
INRB
IEF
ISAAC
ICC
INDO
IIP
IATTC
INAUGURATION
IND
INS
IZPREL
IACI
IEFIN
INNP
ILAB
IA
IMTS
ITALY
ITALIAN
IFIN
IRAJ
IX
ICG
IF
ITPHUM
ITA
IP
IACW
IK
IUCN
IZEAID
IRPE
IDA
ISLAMISTS
ITF
INRO
IBET
IDP
IRC
ISO
ICES
IRMO
ITPGOV
IQNV
IMSO
IRDB
IMET
INCB
IFRC
JA
JO
JP
JM
JCIC
JOHN
JE
JEFFERY
JS
JUS
JN
JOHNNIE
JAMES
JKUS
JOSEPH
JML
JAWAD
JSRP
JIMENEZ
JOSE
JKJUS
JK
JAPAN
KMDR
KPAO
KPKO
KJUS
KCRM
KGHG
KFRD
KWMN
KDEM
KTFN
KHIV
KGIC
KIDE
KSCA
KNNP
KHUM
KIPR
KSUM
KISL
KIRF
KCOR
KRCM
KPAL
KWBG
KN
KS
KOMC
KSEP
KFLU
KPWR
KTIA
KSEO
KMPI
KHLS
KICC
KSTH
KMCA
KVPR
KPRM
KE
KU
KZ
KFLO
KSAF
KTIP
KTEX
KBCT
KOCI
KOLY
KOR
KAWC
KACT
KUNR
KTDB
KSTC
KLIG
KSKN
KNN
KCFE
KCIP
KGHA
KHDP
KPOW
KUNC
KDRL
KV
KPREL
KCRS
KPOL
KRVC
KRIM
KGIT
KWIR
KT
KIRC
KOMO
KRFD
KUWAIT
KG
KFIN
KSCI
KTFIN
KFTN
KGOV
KPRV
KSAC
KGIV
KCRIM
KPIR
KSOC
KBIO
KW
KGLB
KMWN
KPO
KFSC
KSEAO
KSTCPL
KSI
KPRP
KREC
KFPC
KUNH
KCSA
KMRS
KNDP
KR
KICCPUR
KPPAO
KCSY
KTBT
KCIS
KNEP
KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG
KNNB
KGCC
KINR
KPOP
KMFO
KENV
KNAR
KVIR
KDRG
KDMR
KFCE
KNAO
KDEN
KGCN
KICA
KIMMITT
KMCC
KLFU
KMSG
KSEC
KUM
KCUL
KMNP
KSMT
KCOM
KOMCSG
KSPR
KPMI
KRAD
KIND
KCRP
KAUST
KWAWC
KTER
KCHG
KRDP
KPAS
KITA
KTSC
KPAOPREL
KWGB
KIRP
KJUST
KMIG
KLAB
KTFR
KSEI
KSTT
KAPO
KSTS
KLSO
KWNN
KPOA
KHSA
KNPP
KPAONZ
KBTS
KWWW
KY
KJRE
KPAOKMDRKE
KCRCM
KSCS
KWMNCI
KESO
KWUN
KPLS
KIIP
KEDEM
KPAOY
KRIF
KGICKS
KREF
KTRD
KFRDSOCIRO
KTAO
KJU
KWMNPHUMPRELKPAOZW
KEN
KO
KNEI
KEMR
KKIV
KEAI
KWAC
KRCIM
KWCI
KFIU
KWIC
KCORR
KOMS
KNNO
KPAI
KBWG
KTTB
KTBD
KTIALG
KILS
KFEM
KTDM
KESS
KNUC
KPA
KOMCCO
KCEM
KRCS
KWBGSY
KNPPIS
KNNPMNUC
KWN
KERG
KLTN
KALM
KCCP
KSUMPHUM
KREL
KGH
KLIP
KTLA
KAWK
KWMM
KVRP
KVRC
KAID
KSLG
KDEMK
KX
KIF
KNPR
KCFC
KFTFN
KTFM
KPDD
KCERS
KMOC
KDEMAF
KMEPI
KEMS
KDRM
KEPREL
KBTR
KEDU
KNP
KIRL
KNNR
KMPT
KISLPINR
KTPN
KA
KJUSTH
KPIN
KDEV
KTDD
KAKA
KFRP
KWNM
KTSD
KINL
KJUSKUNR
KWWMN
KECF
KWBC
KPRO
KVBL
KOM
KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG
KEDM
KFLD
KLPM
KRGY
KNNF
KICR
KIFR
KM
KWMNCS
KAWS
KLAP
KPAK
KDDG
KCGC
KID
KNSD
KMPF
KPFO
KDP
KCMR
KRMS
KNPT
KNNNP
KTIAPARM
KDTB
KNUP
KPGOV
KNAP
KNNC
KUK
KSRE
KREISLER
KIVP
KQ
KTIAEUN
KPALAOIS
KRM
KISLAO
KWM
KFLOA
LE
LU
LH
LA
LG
LO
LY
LANTERN
LI
LABOR
LORAN
LTTE
LT
LAS
LAB
LAW
LVPR
LARREA
LEBIK
LAURA
LS
LOTT
LOVE
LR
LEON
LAVIN
LGAT
LV
LAOS
LOG
LN
LB
MOPS
MO
MARR
ML
MASS
MZ
MR
MNUC
MX
MV
MCC
MY
MEDIA
MTCRE
MG
MCAP
MOPPS
MP
MI
MK
MC
MD
MA
MU
MASC
MW
MT
MEPP
MN
MTCR
MH
MEPI
MIL
MNUCPTEREZ
MMAR
MICHAEL
MUNC
MDC
MPOS
MONUC
MAR
MGMT
MAS
MEPN
MENDIETA
MARIA
MONTENEGRO
MOOPS
MSG
MARITIME
MURRAY
MUKASEY
MOTO
MCA
MFO
MEX
MRSEC
MMED
MACP
MAAR
MINUSTAH
MCCONNELL
MAPP
MGT
MARQUEZ
MANUEL
MNUR
MCCAIN
MF
MOHAMMAD
MOHAMED
MNU
MFA
MILITANTS
MINORITIES
MTS
MLS
MILI
MIAH
MEETINGS
MERCOSUR
MED
MARAD
MNVC
MINURSO
MNUCUN
MIK
MARK
MBM
MPP
MILITARY
MAPS
MNUK
MILA
MTRRE
MACEDONIA
MICHEL
MASSMNUC
MUCN
MQADHAFI
MPS
MARRGH
MRCRE
MTRE
MORALES
MAP
MCTRE
MHUC
MOPSGRPARM
MOROCCO
MCAPS
NL
NU
NS
NI
NPT
NATO
NO
NG
NATEU
NSF
NZ
NAS
NP
NDP
NLD
NGO
NEPAD
NAFTA
NASA
NEA
NGUYEN
NIH
NK
NIPP
NONE
NR
NANCY
NEGROPONTE
NRR
NERG
NSSP
NSG
NSFO
NE
NATSIOS
NFSO
NATIONAL
NTDB
NT
NCD
NTSB
NRC
NELSON
NAM
NH
NPG
NEC
NSC
NFATC
NMFS
NATOIRAQ
NAR
NZUS
NARC
NCCC
NA
NC
NEW
NRG
NUIN
NOVO
NATOPREL
NEY
NV
NICHOLAS
NPA
NW
NARCOTICS
NORAD
NOAA
NON
NTTC
NKNNP
NMNUC
NUMBERING
ODIP
OIIP
OPRC
OSCE
OREP
OTRA
OPET
OSCI
OVIP
OECD
OCII
OUALI
OPDC
OEXC
OFPD
OPIC
OFDP
OPCW
OECV
OAS
OM
OMIG
ODAG
OPREP
ORA
OIC
OEXCSCULKPAO
OIG
OASS
OFFICIALS
ORTA
OSAC
OIL
OIE
OEXP
OPEC
OPDAT
OMS
OES
OHI
OMAR
OCRA
OFSO
OCBD
OSTA
OAO
ONA
OTP
ORC
OAU
OXEC
OA
ODPC
OPDP
OVIPPRELUNGANU
OASC
OSHA
OPCD
OTR
OPPI
OPCR
OF
OFDPQIS
OSIC
OHUM
OSTRA
OASCC
OBSP
OFDA
OPICEAGR
OIM
OGAC
OTA
OTRAORP
OPPC
OESC
OCEA
OVP
ON
OPAD
OTAR
OCS
ODC
OTRD
OCED
OSD
ORUE
OREG
PHUM
PINR
PTER
PGOV
PREL
PREF
PL
PM
PHSA
PE
PARM
PINS
PK
PUNE
PO
PALESTINIAN
PU
PBTS
PROP
PTBS
POL
POLI
PA
PGOVZI
POLMIL
POLITICAL
PARTIES
POLM
PD
POLITICS
POLICY
PAS
PMIL
PINT
PNAT
PV
PKO
PPOL
PERSONS
PING
PBIO
PH
PETR
PARMS
PRES
PCON
PETERS
PRELBR
PT
PLAB
PP
PAK
PDEM
PKPA
PSOCI
PF
PLO
PTERM
PJUS
PSOE
PELOSI
PROPERTY
PGOVPREL
PARP
PRL
PNIR
PHUMKPAL
PG
PREZ
PGIC
PBOV
PAO
PKK
PROV
PHSAK
PHUMPREL
PROTECTION
PGOVBL
PSI
PRELPK
PGOVENRG
PUM
PRELKPKO
PATTY
PSOC
PRIVATIZATION
PRELSP
PGOVEAIDUKNOSWGMHUCANLLHFRSPITNZ
PMIG
PREC
PAIGH
PROG
PSHA
PARK
PETER
POG
PHUS
PPREL
PS
PTERPREL
PRELPGOV
POV
PKPO
PGOVECON
POUS
PGOVPRELPHUMPREFSMIGELABEAIDKCRMKWMN
PWBG
PMAR
PREM
PAR
PNR
PRELPGOVEAIDECONEINVBEXPSCULOIIPBTIO
PARMIR
PGOVGM
PHUH
PARTM
PN
PRE
PTE
PY
POLUN
PPEL
PDOV
PGOVSOCI
PIRF
PGOVPM
PBST
PRELEVU
PGOR
PBTSRU
PRM
PRELKPAOIZ
PGVO
PERL
PGOC
PAGR
PMIN
PHUMR
PVIP
PPD
PGV
PRAM
PINL
PKPAL
PTERE
PGOF
PINO
PHAS
PODC
PRHUM
PHUMA
PREO
PPA
PEPFAR
PGO
PRGOV
PAC
PRESL
PORG
PKFK
PEPR
PRELP
PREFA
PNG
PGOVPHUMKPAO
PRELECON
PINOCHET
PFOR
PGOVLO
PHUMBA
PRELC
PREK
PHUME
PHJM
POLINT
PGOVPZ
PGOVKCRM
PGOVE
PHALANAGE
PARTY
PECON
PEACE
PROCESS
PLN
PRELSW
PAHO
PEDRO
PRELA
PASS
PPAO
PGPV
PNUM
PCUL
PGGV
PSA
PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA
PGIV
PRFE
POGOV
PEL
PBT
PAMQ
PINF
PSEPC
POSTS
PHUMPGOV
PVOV
PHSAPREL
PROLIFERATION
PENA
PRELTBIOBA
PIN
PRELL
PGOVPTER
PHAM
PHYTRP
PTEL
PTERPGOV
PHARM
PROTESTS
PRELAF
PKBL
PRELKPAO
PKNP
PARMP
PHUML
PFOV
PERM
PUOS
PRELGOV
PHUMPTER
PARAGRAPH
PERURENA
PBTSEWWT
PCI
PETROL
PINSO
PINSCE
PQL
PEREZ
PBS
RS
REFUGEES
RW
RP
RELFREE
RO
REGIONAL
RIGHTS
REACTION
REPORT
RU
RENAMO
RIGHTSPOLMIL
REFORM
RM
REFUGEE
REL
RELATIONS
ROW
RREL
REGION
RATIFICATION
RBI
RICE
ROOD
RODENAS
RUIZ
RODHAM
ROBERT
RGY
ROY
REUBEN
RELIGIOUS
RUEHZO
RODRIGUEZ
RUEUN
RELAM
RSP
RF
RSO
RCMP
REO
ROSS
RPTS
RENE
REID
RUPREL
RMA
RI
REMON
RPEL
RFE
RFIN
RA
RAFAEL
RAY
RUS
RPREL
ROBERTG
RECIN
RAMONTEIJELO
SNAR
SP
SN
SMIG
SL
SOCI
SU
SG
SF
SENV
SZ
SOE
SCUL
SY
SO
SR
SYR
SE
SA
SW
SIPDIS
SCIENCE
SADC
SI
SCI
SOCIETY
SC
SAARC
STR
SECRETARY
SANC
SSH
ST
SNA
SGWI
SEP
SOCIS
SETTLEMENTS
SPECIALIST
SK
SHUM
START
STET
SCVL
SREF
SCHUL
SCUIL
SYRIA
SECURITY
SPCE
SYAI
SMIL
SOWGC
STEPHEN
SNRV
SKCA
SENSITIVE
SECI
SNAP
SPP
SCUD
SOM
SPECI
SMIGBG
SENC
SCRM
SGNV
SECTOR
SENVEAGREAIDTBIOECONSOCIXR
SENVSXE
SASIAIN
SACU
SENVSPL
SWMN
STEINBERG
SOPN
SOCR
SCOI
SCRS
SILVASANDE
SWE
SARS
SNARIZ
SUDAN
SENVQGR
SM
SNARKTFN
SAAD
SD
SAN
SIPRNET
STATE
SENS
SUBJECT
SFNV
SECSTATE
SSA
SPCVIS
SOI
SOFA
SCULKPAOECONTU
SPTER
SKSAF
SENVKGHG
SHI
SEVN
SANR
SPSTATE
SMITH
SCOM
SH
SNARCS
SNARN
SIPRS
SNARM
SIPDI
SCPR
SNIG
SELAB
SULLIVAN
SENVENV
SECDEF
SOLIC
SOIC
SPAS
SASC
SOSI
SEC
SEN
SENVCASCEAIDID
TU
TH
TW
TSPA
TRGY
TPHY
TBIO
TIFA
TS
TZ
TX
TSPL
TT
TK
TC
TINT
TERFIN
TERRORISM
TIP
TURKEY
TI
TECHNOLOGY
TNGD
TRSY
TRAFFICKING
TOPEC
TPSL
TP
TD
TR
TA
TIO
TREATY
TO
THPY
TECH
TRADE
TPSA
TG
TAGS
TF
TRAD
THKSJA
TVBIO
TNDG
TN
TBIOZK
TWI
TV
TWL
TRT
TWRO
TSRY
TTPGOV
TAUSCHER
TRBY
TRBIO
TL
TPKO
TIA
TGRY
TSPAM
TREL
TNAR
TBI
TFIN
TPHYPA
TWCH
THOMMA
THOMAS
TERROR
TRY
TBID
TPP
TE
THANH
TJ
TBKIO
UNGA
USUN
UN
UG
UNSC
UK
UP
US
UNCTAD
UNVIE
UNHRC
USTR
UNAMA
UNCRIME
UNESCO
UV
UNDP
UNHCR
UNCSD
UNCHR
UZ
USAID
UNEP
UNO
UNPUOS
UY
UNDC
UNCITRAL
UNAUS
UNCND
UA
UNMIK
USTDA
USEU
USDA
UNICEF
UR
UNFICYP
USNC
USTRRP
UNODC
UNRWA
UNOMIG
USTRPS
USAU
USCC
UNEF
UNGAPL
UNFPA
UNSCE
USSC
UGA
UEU
UNMIC
UNTAC
UNION
UNCLASSIFIED
USPS
UNA
UMIK
USOAS
UNMOVIC
UNFA
UNAIDS
UNCHC
USGS
UNSE
UNRCR
UNTERR
USG
UE
UAE
UNWRA
UNCSW
UNSCR
UNCHS
UNDESCO
UNPAR
UNC
UB
UNSCS
UKXG
UNGACG
UNREST
UNHR
USPTO
UNFCYP
USCG
UNIDROIT
UNSCD
UPU
UNBRO
UNECE
USTRUWR
UNCC
UNESCOSCULPRELPHUMKPALCUIRXFVEKV
VM
VE
VT
VETTING
VN
VZ
VIS
VC
VTPREL
VIP
VTEAID
VTEG
VOA
VA
VTIZ
VANG
VISIT
VO
VENZ
VAT
VI
VEPREL
VEN
WFP
WTO
WHO
WTRO
WBG
WMO
WIPO
WA
WI
WSIS
WHA
WCL
WE
WMN
WEBZ
WS
WAR
WZ
WMD
WW
WILLIAM
WEET
WAEMU
WM
WWBG
WWT
WWARD
WITH
WMDT
WTRQ
WCO
WEU
WALTER
WRTO
WB
WHTI
WBEG
WCI
WEF
WAKI
WHOA
WGC
Browse by classification
Community resources
courage is contagious
Viewing cable 07HARARE170, TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS (TIP) REPORT - ZIMBABWE
If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs
Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:
- The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
- The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
- The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.
Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #07HARARE170.
| Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 07HARARE170 | 2007-03-07 13:25 | 2011-08-24 16:30 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Harare |
VZCZCXRO8416
PP RUEHBZ RUEHDU RUEHJO RUEHMR RUEHRN
DE RUEHSB #0170/01 0661325
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 071325Z MAR 07
FM AMEMBASSY HARARE
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 1183
INFO RUCNSAD/SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY
RUEHBJ/AMEMBASSY BEIJING 0072
RUEHEG/AMEMBASSY CAIRO 0013
RUEHLO/AMEMBASSY LONDON 0577
RUEHOT/AMEMBASSY OTTAWA 0176
RHMFIUU/DEPT OF HOMELAND SECURITY WASHDC
RUEHC/DEPT OF LABOR WASHDC
RUEAWJA/DEPT OF JUSTICE WASHDC
RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHDC
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 10 HARARE 000170
SIPDIS
SENSITIVE
SIPDIS
AF/S FOR S. HILL
AF/RSA FOR M. HARPOLE
G/TIP FOR R. YOUSEY
DEPT FOR G, INL, DRL, PRM
DEPT PASS TO USAID FOR M. COPSON AND E. LOKEN
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: KCRM PHUM KWMN ELAB KFRD PREF SMIG
SUBJECT: TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS (TIP) REPORT - ZIMBABWE
REF: SECSTATE 202745
THIS CABLE IS SENSITIVE BUT UNCLASSIFIED - PROTECT
ACCORDINGLY.
¶1. (SBU) This is Embassy Harare's response to questions in
paragraphs 27-30 of SECSTATE 202745.
--------
Overview
--------
-- A. (SBU) Zimbabwe is a country of origin, transit and
destination for internationally and domestically trafficked
persons. Women and young girls are the most at risk group
for trafficking. There were increasing reports that women
and children were sexually exploited in towns along the
border with South Africa, Botswana, Mozambique and Zambia.
Young women and girls are also reportedly lured out of the
country to South Africa, China, Egypt, United Kingdom, Canada
and Zambia with false employment opportunities. There are no
reliable statistics on the extent of the trafficking problem
in the country.
(SBU) Most information about trafficking comes from anecdotal
reports. The best source of information remains the Victim
Friendly Unit (VFU) of the Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP),
the International Organization for Migration (IOM), United
Nations Children Fund (UNICEF), and several non-governmental
organizations (NGOs) working in the area of victim
assistance. IOM is currently undertaking a five-country
(Zimbabwe, Zambia, Angola, Namibia, and Botswana) regional
study on trafficking as well as a Zimbabwe-specific study to
examine the extent of child trafficking for sexual
exploitation in the country. The government also has
requested that IOM participate in and provide funding for a
comprehensive joint study on the trafficking problem in the
country.
-- B. (SBU) Although much work remains to be done, the
government has nonetheless made progress in the past year in
combating trafficking. The government's most notable
achievements of the past year include the following:
established an inter-ministerial taskforce on trafficking;
sentenced a woman to 48 months in jail for a trafficking a
minor into prostitution; senior government officials attended
an IOM anti-trafficking seminar; law enforcement,
immigration, and social services officials attended training
on identifying and assisting trafficking victims; Parliament
ratified the UN Convention Against Transnational Organized
Crime on March 30, 2006, which opens the way for Zimbabwe to
become a party to its trafficking protocol; and senior
government officials confirmed plans to draft domestic
anti-trafficking legislation in 2007.
(SBU) Key senior government officials demonstrate the
political will necessary to comprehensively address the
trafficking problem. However, the lack of funding remains a
serious impediment to enacting anti-trafficking programs.
The government generally has a good working relationship with
international organizations and NGOs on trafficking-related
issues. IOM, UNICEF and several NGOs reported that the VFU,
immigration, and social welfare officers generally provided
good cooperation on trafficking cases and refer trafficking
victims for assistance in an expeditious manner.
(SBU) The most at risk group for trafficking appears to be
young adults and children (especially women and girls)
experiencing economic hardship and seeking a better life.
Reports of trafficking included: anecdotes from international
organizations and NGOs of young girls from Zimbabwe and
surrounding countries exchanging sex for passage into South
Africa; Zimbabweans (usually young women) being lured out of
the country with lucrative job offers or false marriage
proposals; women and children transiting through Zimbabwe to
South Africa primarily from Democratic Republic of Congo,
Malawi, Mozambique and Zambia; children working as domestic
HARARE 00000170 002 OF 010
or agricultural workers in Zimbabwe; children trafficked from
rural areas into cities for domestic servitude or
prostitution; young girls trafficked from South Africa into
Zimbabwe for domestic servitude; and employers demanding sex
from undocumented Zimbabwean workers in South Africa, both
adults and children, under the threat of deportation.
Despite some positive signs, the worsening economic
conditions, the increasing illegal immigration to surrounding
countries, and the growing number of HIV/AIDS orphans and
child-headed households places increasing numbers of
individuals, especially children, at risk of exploitation.
Unions and NGOs report that child labor is on the rise.
Additionally, men, women and children continue to be
adversely affected by the government's ongoing campaign of
forced evictions and the demolition of homes and businesses
in several cities and towns, albeit on a much lesser scale
than during the government's infamous 2005 Operation Restore
Order in which 700,000 lost their homes, their means of
livelihood, or both.
-- C. (SBU) The government continues to show interest in
protection of victims, support of awareness campaigns, and
investigation of trafficking cases. Although the government
lacks the necessary funds to carry out most anti-trafficking
activities itself, it cooperates with efforts by IOM, UNICEF,
and NGOs on these activities. There remains, however, a
general lack of understanding about trafficking across all
government agencies, especially at the local level, and
additional training and resources are required. Overall
corruption is not a problem in this area as it does not
appear that government officials are involved in trafficking
at any level.
-- D. (SBU) The government does not systematically monitor
its anti-trafficking efforts and periodically make
information available either publicly or privately. With the
exception of the VFU, law enforcement agencies and
prosecutor's offices do not appear to regularly share
information or report on cases internally with other agencies
or offices.
----------
PREVENTION
----------
-- A. (SBU) The government, including senior officials at law
enforcement, immigration, and social welfare agencies,
acknowledge that trafficking is a problem in the country.
Senior government officials frequently speak out publicly
about the dangers of trafficking, illegal migration,
prostitution and exploitative labor conditions. However, a
few government officials are still not convinced that the
country has a large or growing trafficking problem given the
lack of quantifiable data.
-- B. (SBU) In April 2006, the government established an
inter-ministerial taskforce on trafficking, which includes
representatives from Home Affairs, Justice, Information,
Parliamentarian Affairs, Foreign Affairs, and Public Service,
Labor and Social Welfare. The VFU of the ZRP (under the
Ministry of Home Affairs), a police unit that deals with
children's and sexual abuse cases, has the lead on
investigation and tracking of trafficking cases and referral
of victims to support services. The Department of Social
Welfare (in the Ministry of Public Service, Labor and Social
Welfare) also has several programs for children at risk. The
Department of Immigration (in the Ministry of Home Affairs)
monitors borders and ports of entry for possible traffickers
and victims. The Ministry of Information collaborates on
awareness campaigns funded by international organizations and
local NGOs.
-- C. (SBU) The state-run media continues to print and air
messages about the dangers of illegal migration and that warn
the public about false employment scams, underage and forced
marriages, prostitution and exploitative labor conditions.
HARARE 00000170 003 OF 010
During the year, IOM placed awareness messages with the
government-sponsored media and established a Safe Migration
website.
-- D. (SBU) The government is making efforts to address
women's and children's issues through new legislation and
social programs. Parliament passed a Domestic Violence Bill
in December 2006, which was enacted on March 2, 2007. The
bill includes an expanded definition of domestic violence
that covers psychological and economic abuse. It also
streamlines the protection order process and imposes a legal
duty on police to protect victims.
(SBU) In the area of children's issues, UNICEF is managing a
"pooled funding mechanism" for the "Project of Support,"
which provides funding to social welfare programs such as the
National Action Plan (NAP) for Orphans and Vulnerable
Children (OVC). Objectives of the NAP are to strengthen
coordination for OVC programs, increase the percentage of
children with birth certificates (who are then able to access
social services), increase school enrollment and retention,
and increase access to food and basic services. To date, the
project has received commitments of more than US$70 million
(over five years) from international donors.
(SBU) The Department of Social Welfare continues to provide
school fees and books through its Basic Education Assistance
Module (BEAM) and Children in Difficult Circumstances (CDC)
programs. The BEAM program pays school fees and related
expenses including books and uniforms for some
underprivileged children and AIDS orphans. Several child
welfare advocacy groups, however, reported that BEAM and
other government programs focusing on children were still
under-funded given the level of need, and the government
often used access to such programs as a political tool to
reward supporters.
(SBU) In October 2006, the Ministries of Public Service,
Labor and Social Welfare and Education, Sport and Culture
launched a joint program with UNICEF to implement the
National Girls Education Plan which seeks to keep girls in
school and address other cultural challenges such as early
marriage, abuse and economic exploitation.
(SBU) The Ministry of Public Service, Labor and Social
Welfare is collaborating with the International Labor
Organization (ILO), United Nations Development (UNDP), United
Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
(UNESCO), UNICEF and IOM on the Elimination of the Worst
Forms of Child Labor in Zimbabwe program that will begin in
March 2007. The program will address child labor issues and
the implementation of ILO Convention 182, including
identifying the worst forms of child labor in Zimbabwe and
implementing activities pertaining to the prevention of child
labor, protection of working children, rehabilitation of the
victims and income generating measures (to make it
cost-effective for families to release children from work).
-- E. (SBU) The government generally has a good working
relationship with international organizations and NGOs on
trafficking-related issues. Unlike in the previous year,
there were no reports of government harassment of NGOs
working on the trafficking issue. IOM, Save the Children
Norway and Girl Child Network have reported that the
government (in particular the VFU of the ZRP, immigration and
social welfare) has referred numerous trafficking victims for
assistance and has demonstrated an interest in combating
trafficking.
-- F. (SBU) The Department of Immigration monitors for
evidence of trafficking but does not maintain statistics.
Senior government officials admit that the growing number of
illegal migrants deported from South Africa and Botswana
combined with a crippling lack of resources severely impede
their ability to effectively screen for trafficking victims.
According to GOZ data, South African authorities deported
109,532 Zimbabweans in 2006--more than double the 49,788
deported in 2005. The IOM Reception Center for Zimbabweans
HARARE 00000170 004 OF 010
deported from South Africa in the border town of Beitbridge
in Zimbabwe works closely with the Departments of Immigration
and Social Welfare. IOM Zimbabwe plans include adding an
additional protection officer and building capacity to better
screen for trafficking victims (pending funding).
-- G. (SBU) The government established an inter-ministerial
taskforce on trafficking in April 2006. Additionally, the
Interpol National Central Bureau (NCB) Zimbabwe office
recently established a "Human Trafficking Desk" to coordinate
Zimbabwe's involvement in international trafficking
investigations. It is still not clear if there is adequate
coordination between the inter-ministerial taskforce and the
individual agencies involved in programs to combat
trafficking. The government does have a public corruption
commission, but it under-funded and has yet to register any
notable accomplishments.
-- H. (SBU) The government has yet to develop a national plan
of action to address trafficking in persons. The
inter-ministerial taskforce has requested that IOM
participate in and fund a joint study to assess the problem
in the country. Additionally, during interviews for this
report, key senior government officials seemed genuinely
interested in receiving assistance and training to address
the trafficking problem. For example, the legal counsel to
Parliament requested assistance in arranging for a
trafficking expert to brief the parliamentarian portfolio
committee for public service, labor and social welfare.
Additionally, the Human Trafficking Desk at Interpol NCB
Zimbabwe contacted IOM in January to request training and
collaboration on anti-trafficking efforts.
--------------------------------------------
INVESTIGATION AND PROSECUTION OF TRAFFICKERS
--------------------------------------------
-- A. (SBU) The country does not have a law specifically
prohibiting trafficking. Senior government officials have,
however, publicly stated their intention to enact
comprehensive domestic anti-trafficking legislation in 2007.
Parliament ratified the UN Convention Against Transnational
Organized Crime on March 30, 2006 and it is now with the
Ministry of Home Affairs pending the formal deposit of
instruments of ratification at the UN. According to the
legal counsel to Parliament, the legislative body plans to
take the necessary steps to ratify the UN protocol on
trafficking and incorporate its provisions into domestic law
during 2007.
(SBU) Trafficking-related crimes are currently addressed
under other legislation, primarily the Criminal Law
(Codification and Reform) Act, the Immigration Act and the
Labor Relations Amendment Act. These laws criminalize
transporting people across the border for sex, corruption of
children and allowing children to reside in or to frequent a
brothel, allowing children to consort with or be employed by
prostitutes, and forgery of travel documents. In addition,
the Criminal Law Act prohibits abduction and the pledging of
a female. The constitution and labor law provide that no one
may be held in slavery or servitude or be made to perform
forced or compulsory labor.
Zimbabwean legal experts consider these laws sufficient to
cover both internal and external forms of trafficking for
sexual exploitation. Additionally, a victim can bring a
civil suit against a trafficker under current law. The
Criminal Procedure and Evidence Act provides for victim
restitution and compensation.
-- B. (SBU) The Criminal Law Act provides for the following:
-- Procuring another person for unlawful sexual conduct, or
to become a prostitute whether inside or outside Zimbabwe, or
to leave his or her usual place of residence to become an
inmate or frequent a brothel is punishable by a fine, a
maximum imprisonment of 2 years (10 years if the person
HARARE 00000170 005 OF 010
procured in under 16 years of age), or both.
-- Coercing or inducing another person to engage in unlawful
sexual conduct with another person by threat or intimidation
is punishable by a fine, a maximum imprisonment of 5 years,
or both.
-- Detaining a person in a brothel or any other premises with
the intention that the detained person should engage in
unlawful sexual conduct is punishable by a fine, a maximum
imprisonment of 1 year, or both.
-- Allowing a person under 16 years of age to knowing enter
an establishment for the purpose of engaging in unlawful
sexual conduct is punishable by a fine, a maximum
imprisonment of 7 years, or both. If the person is below the
age of 12, the act is punishable by a fine, a maximum
imprisonment of 10 years, or both.
-- A paren allowing a child under 18 years of age to becomea prostitute is punishable by a fine, a maximum imrisonment
of 10 years, or both.
-- Living offor facilitating prostitution is punishable by a
ine, a maximum imprisonment of 2 years, or both.
-- Solicitation of another person for prostitutionis
punishable by a fine, a maximum imprisonment f 6 months, or
both.
-- Sexual intercourse or performing indecent acts with a
person under 16 years of age is punishable by a fine, a
maximum imprisonment of 10 years, or both.
-- Pledging a female person for a forced marriage or to
compensation for the death of a relative, or any debt or
obligation is punishable by a fine, a maximum imprisonment of
2 years, or both. Any party to the marriage or arrangement
may be charged as an accomplice.
-- Forgery of a public document or corruptly using a false
document is punishable by a fine, a maximum imprisonment of
20 years, or both.
-- C. (SBU) The Labor Relations Amendment Act provides for
the following:
-- Failure of an employer to protect employees' right to fair
labor standards (including to pay any employee a wage lower
than a prescribed minimum, to require an employee to work
more than the maximum hours permitted by law, or to require
any employee to work under any conditions or situation which
are below prescribed standards) is punishable by a fine, a
maximum imprisonment of 2 years, or both.
-- Forced labor is punishable by a fine, 2 years'
imprisonment, or both.
-- Employment of a person under 15 years of age (unless as an
apprentice who is over 13 years of age) is punishable by a
fine, 2 years' imprisonment, or both.
(SBU) The Labor Relations Amendment Act does not specifically
include provisions for criminal punishment of labor
recruiters who engage in recruitment of laborers using
knowingly fraudulent or deceptive offers; for employers or
labor agents who confiscate workers' passports or travel
documents, switch contracts without the worker's consent as a
means to keep the worker in a state of service, or withhold
payment of salaries as means of keeping the worker in a state
of service. However, prosecutors may be able to use the fair
labor standards provisions in the Labor Relations Amendment
Act to pursue cases involving such activities.
-- D. (SBU) Rape and aggravated indecent assault are
punishable by life imprisonment. Incarceration is mandatory
for convictions for rape or forcible sexual assault, but
HARARE 00000170 006 OF 010
there is no minimum penalty. The media frequently reports on
rape cases and convictions. Sentences usually vary from four
years to fifteen years, depending on the circumstances of the
crime.
-- E. (SBU) Prostitution and the activities of brothel
owner/operator, clients, pimps, and enforcers are
criminalized (as defined in the Criminal Law Act). During
the year, there were several media reports regarding
concerted efforts by police to halt prostitution throughout
the country. Police arrested both prostitutes and clients.
-- F. (SBU) During the year, the government did investigate
cases of trafficking and registered its first verifiable
conviction. The Ministry of Justice confirmed that in June
2006 a magistrate's court in the capital city of Harare
convicted a woman under the Criminal Law Act for procuring a
person for the purposes of prostitution and sentenced her to
48 months in jail, which she is currently serving. The woman
had promised the 16 year old daughter of a friend that she
could secure her a lucrative job as a nurse but forced the
girl in to prostitution.
(SBU) In addition to the case cited above, there were 9 other
persons identified as trafficking victims with cases under
investigation by the ZRP or pending in the courts (Specific
case details not for publishing):
-- a 17 year old girl lured from Masvingo to Harare in 2005
with a false job offer. The girl was subjected to sexual
exploitation and pornography. She escaped and contacted the
ZRP, who referred the girl to Girl Child Network for victim
assistance. A criminal case is pending in the Harare
Magistrate's Court (CRB# 1408/06).
-- a 14 year old orphan given by relatives to a Nigerian
trafficker who forced her into prostitution in a brothel in a
high-density suburb of Harare. She escaped in August 2006
and contacted the ZRP. The Nigerian trafficker is in
custody. A criminal case is pending in the Harare
Magistrate's Court (CRB# 1122/06).
-- a 15 year old girl lured by a false job offer to South
Africa in 2003. She was taken to Mozambique and Zambia where
she was forced into prostitution and pornography. She
escaped from the trafficker in August 2006 in Beitbridge,
Zimbabwe while preparing to cross into South Africa. She was
referred by a local NGO to IOM in Beitbridge, who alerted the
ZRP. An investigation is ongoing.
-- a 14 year old girl lured from the rural area of Mayambara
to Chitungwiza with a false job offer. She was subjected to
sexual exploitation and pornography. She escaped in August
2006 and contacted the police. An investigation is ongoing
(RRB# 1571/06).
-- 5 cases of minor girls pledged by relatives or local
chiefs to settle obligations--in all cases the girls were
forced into domestic servitude--several were sexually abused
by the receiving party. Investigations are ongoing.
(SBU) The country does not have specific laws that
criminalize the acts of labor recruiters who recruit laborers
using knowingly fraudulent or deceptive offers or impose on
recruited laborers inappropriately high or illegal fees or
commissions that create a debt bondage condition for the
laborer. The constitution and labor law, however, provide
that no one may be held in slavery or servitude or be made to
perform forced or compulsory labor.
-- G. (SBU) Most information about who is behind trafficking
comes from anecdotal reports. Traffickers involved with
trafficking to South Africa and other surrounding countries
appear to be freelance operators or small crime groups.
There are reports that trafficking to the United Kingdom,
China, Egypt and Canada involves larger organized trafficking
syndicates. Traffickers tend to target young adults and
children (especially young women and girls) in desperate
HARARE 00000170 007 OF 010
economic circumstances with offers of lucrative jobs,
modeling contracts or scholarship opportunities. There is no
evidence of any government involvement in or tolerance of
trafficking at any level. There is no information on where
profits from trafficking are being channeled.
-- H. (SBU) The government does investigate cases of
trafficking; however, the lack of resources severely impedes
its ability. Law enforcement officials use active
investigative techniques in trafficking investigations. The
domestic laws of the country allow for full use electronic
surveillance, undercover operations, and mitigated punishment
or immunity for cooperating suspects used by the government.
-- I. (SBU) The government does not provide its own
specialized training. It did, however, take advantage of
anti-trafficking seminars and training offered by IOM and
NGOs. During the year, IOM held one seminar on trafficking
for senior government officials and four training sessions on
how to identify and assist victims of trafficking offered for
frontline officers from social services, law enforcement,
immigration, and health care agencies.
(SBU) In June 2006, the local NGO Girl Child Network launched
an anti-trafficking prevention and protection project aimed
at young girls. During the year, Girl Child Network held two
anti-trafficking workshops, which included local authorities.
-- J. (SBU) The government does cooperate with other
governments in the investigation and prosecution of
trafficking cases. The government has seconded ZRP officers
to the Interpol NCB Zimbabwe office--two of which work on the
Human Trafficking Desk. During the year, the Interpol NCB
Zimbabwe office cooperated on international trafficking
investigations with Interpol NCB offices in Canada, Malawi,
South Africa, United Kingdom and Zambia.
(SBU) Additionally, the media reported that the government
signed a letter of intent with the Government of Indonesia in
August 2006 that includes an agreement to fight the
prevalence of trafficking of women and children. There are
no reports of any meaningful activities resulting from this
agreement.
-- K. (SBU) There were no reports of extraditions or requests
of extradition from Zimbabwe to other countries. There were
reports in February that two Zimbabweans were arrested in the
United Kingdom for what may prove to be trafficking; however,
there is no information that the Zimbabwean Government has
requested extradition of the accused. The government has
extradition treaties with countries in the region.
-- L. (SBU) There is no evidence of government involvement in
or tolerance of trafficking, on a local or institutional
level.
-- M. (SBU) Not applicable per response to question L above.
-- N. (SBU) There is no known child sex tourism problem. The
country's sexual crimes laws do have extraterritorial
coverage. There are no reports of any prosecutions or
convictions under the extraterritorial provisions.
-- O. (SBU) The government ratified ILO Convention 182 on
December 11, 2000. The government ratified ILO Conventions
29 and 105 on August 27, 1998. Parliament ratified the UN
Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime on March 30,
2006 and it is now with the Ministry of Home Affairs pending
the formal deposit of instruments of ratification at the UN.
According to the legal counsel to Parliament, the legislative
body plans to take the necessary steps to ratify the UN
protocol on trafficking and incorporate its provisions in to
domestic law during 2007. The government has not signed the
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the
Child on the sale of children.
------------------------------------
HARARE 00000170 008 OF 010
PROTECTION AND ASSISTANCE TO VICTIMS
------------------------------------
-- A. (SBU) The government has shown an increasing interest
in assisting victims. Although the government does not have
sufficient resources to provide for the protection of victims
itself in most cases, it cooperates with international
organizations and NGOs that provide such services. The ZRP
and Department of Immigration have a mechanism for referring
victims of trafficking to victim support. An IOM contact
reported that law enforcement, immigration and social welfare
officials usually refer potential victims in an expeditious
manner.
(SBU) The Ministry of Public Service, Labor and Social
Welfare directly operates programs in 3 districts to provide
orphans and vulnerable children with basic food assistance,
support for school fees, counseling for victimizes children,
HIV/AIDS education and medical assistance. Additionally,
UNICEF announced in February that it had received commitments
for over $70 million over five years from international
donors to support NAP for OVC programs.
(SBU) The Department of Social Welfare (under The Ministry of
Public Service, Labor and Social Welfare) works closely with
IOM and Save the Children Norway to provide protection for
children deported from South Africa received at the IOM
Reception Center in Beitbridge, Zimbabwe. Additionally, the
district council of Beitbridge has a dedicated child
protection officer and convenes a child protection committee.
-- B. (SBU) The government cooperated in the establishment
the IOM Reception Center for Zimbabweans deported from South
Africa, which opened in May 2006. The Department of
Immigration uses a building at the IOM Reception Center for
processing deportees and requires that all deportees receive
an IOM briefing on safe migration.
-- C. (SBU) Whenever any government official, usually police
or immigration, becomes aware of potential trafficking
victims, the official alerts the VFU of the ZRP, which then
alerts one of the international organizations or NGOs
(usually IOM, Save the Children Norway or Girl Child Network)
to provide victim assistance services. Some victims come to
attention of the international organizations or NGOs first,
in which case VFU is alerted. VFU officers interview the
victim and refer him or her to shelter, health care,
counseling, and reintegration services arranged and paid for
by IOM or an NGO. VFU and IOM officers also may jointly
interview victims when appropriate.
(SBU) During the year, the Zimbabwean Embassy in South Africa
referred 2 trafficking victims to IOM's Southern Africa
Counter-Trafficking Program (SACTAP).
-- D. (SBU) The government generally respects the rights of
trafficking victims and usually refers a potential victim to
IOM or an NGO in an expeditious manner.
-- E. (SBU) The government encourages victims to assist in
the investigation and prosecution of traffickers. However,
the lack of resources impedes the ability of the police to
pursue many cases. Foreign victims of trafficking are
offered relief from deportation while they receive victim
support services and while their cases are being
investigated. The Chief of Immigration may offer a temporary
employment permit at his discretion.
-- F. (SBU) The government refers victims to international
organizations and NGOs to provide all forms of victim
assistance, including shelter, medical and psycho/social
care, rehabilitation and reintegration.
-- G. (SBU) The government does not provide its own
specialized training, but did take advantage of
anti-trafficking seminars and training offered by IOM and
NGOs. During the year, IOM held one seminar on trafficking
HARARE 00000170 009 OF 010
for senior government officials and four training sessions on
how to identify and assist victims of trafficking offered for
frontline officers from social services, law enforcement,
immigration, and health care agencies. During the year, Girl
Child Network project held two anti-trafficking workshops,
which included local authorities.
-- H. (SBU) The government does not have the resources to
provide protection, medical aid, shelter, or financial help
to repatriated nationals who are victims of trafficking but
refers such cases to IOM for such assistance.
-- I. (SBU) The government generally has a good working
relationship with international organizations and NGOs on
trafficking-related issues. IOM, UNICEF, Save the Children
Norway and Save the Children UK regularly meet with
government officials to discuss children's issues. IOM also
regularly meets with Zimbabwean and South African government
officials to discuss immigration issues, including
trafficking. IOM, Save the Children Norway and Girl Child
Network have reported that the government has referred
numerous trafficking victims for assistance and demonstrated
an interest in combating trafficking. The government also
cooperates with efforts by UNICEF and a local NGO, Streets
Ahead, to provide counseling and reunification services for
street children referred to orphanages or juvenile detention
centers.
(SBU) IOM's SACTAP program operates in six countries in the
SADC region, including Zimbabwe. The SACTAP program includes
victim assistance and rehabilitation, institutional capacity
building, research and data collection, and information and
awareness raising activities. IOM Zimbabwe also runs a
hotline that receives inquiries and reports from the public
on migration related issues and is planning to establish a
second hotline this year dedicated to trafficking.
(SBU) IOM, UNICEF, Save the Children Norway, and Save the
Children UK work with trafficking victims through local NGO
partners. NGOs include Connect (training for counselors of
abuse victims), Corridors of Hope (HIV/AIDs education and
counseling), Childline (children's crisis hotline), Streets
Ahead (counseling and shelter for children), Girl Child
Network (shelter, skills building, and counseling for abused
girls), Musasa Project (shelter and counseling for domestic
abuse and trafficking victims), and The Center (counseling
for HIV/AIDS patients).
(SBU) Girl Child Network and Save the Children Norway report
that the relationship with local authorities varies by
location. In some areas, officials are difficult to work
with because they do not understand trafficking or deny any
problem exists. In other areas, officials are very
cooperative and eager to receive training and other
assistance in building capacity. IOM and UNICEF report
generally good cooperation from the government.
(SBU) Senior government officials demonstrate the political
will necessary to comprehensively address the trafficking
problem; however, the lack of funding remains a serious
impediment to enacting anti-trafficking programs. Zimbabwe
is in the seventh year of steep economic decline and the
government lacks funding to provide even the most basic
public services. There is an estimated 80 percent
unemployment in the formal sector. According to officil
figures, annual inflation is slightly more tha 1,500 percent
(many experts put inflation at mor than twice that amount).
Labor unrest is growin, including in the police and military
ranks. Te worsening economic conditions are driving a
masive exodus out of the country and illegal migratin is on
the rise.
(SBU) The economic challenges are particular difficulties at
the operational level. During the year, the media frequently
reported on law enforcement's shortage of functioning
vehicles, equipment and fuel. The Criminal Investigative
Department (CID) of the ZRP told us that the unit does not
HARARE 00000170 010 OF 010
have sufficient funds to pay for basic undercover work or
confidential informants. The VFU of the ZRP reported that it
SIPDIS
needs additional human resources and facilities throughout
the country, especially in border towns.
-------------------
Contact Information
-------------------
¶2. (U) Post point of contact for trafficking in persons is
Scott C. Higgins; office phone 263-4-250-593, extension 321;
fax 263-4-253-000; e-mail HigginsSC@state.gov. The estimated
hours spent per officer in preparation of this report are as
follows: poloff 40 hours, polasst 5 hours, polchief 3 hours,
DCM 1 hour review, AMB 1 hour review.
DELL