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Viewing cable 07HANOI6, Women's Rights, Civil Society Bolstered by Passage of New

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
07HANOI6 2007-01-03 04:56 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Hanoi
VZCZCXRO7574
RR RUEHCHI RUEHDT RUEHHM
DE RUEHHI #0006/01 0030456
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 030456Z JAN 07
FM AMEMBASSY HANOI
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 4242
INFO RUEHHM/AMCONSUL HO CHI MINH 2317
RUEHZS/ASEAN REGIONAL FORUM COLLECTIVE
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 HANOI 000006 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR EAP/MLS, DRL/AWH, G/IWI, AND S/WE 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PGOV PHUM HUMANR KWMN SOCI VM
 
SUBJECT: Women's Rights, Civil Society Bolstered by Passage of New 
Gender Equality Law 
 
REF: A) 06 Hanoi 3012; B) 06 Hanoi 677 
 
HANOI 00000006  001.2 OF 002 
 
 
Summary 
------- 
 
1. (SBU) The causes of women's rights and civil society took a step 
forward recently when the National Assembly passed Vietnam's 
first-ever Law on Gender Equality.  The law is an acknowledgement by 
Vietnam's leadership that sex discrimination is a serious problem 
and aims to redress wage and other gaps.  Significantly, although 
the GVN typically has the lead in drafting legislation -- often with 
little or no input from even the National Assembly -- in this law's 
case and for the first time, the Vietnam Women's Union played a 
prominent role in the lawmaking process.  Although the 
Party-affiliated Women's Union is far from being independent or an 
outsider, it is nonetheless part of Vietnam's growing (but still 
very young) civil society.  It is encouraging that the GVN was 
willing to cede some lawmaking responsibility to the organization, 
an acknowledgement by the Government that the skills and expertise 
it lacks can be drawn from elsewhere and that civil society groups 
can have a hand in the creation of legislation.  End Summary. 
 
Law Seeks to Eliminate Gender Differences 
----------------------------------------- 
 
2. (SBU) After lengthy debate, in November 2006 the National 
Assembly (NA) passed the Law on Gender Equality (Ref A).  The new 
law seeks to rationalize existing gender-related statutes and square 
them with Vietnam's "current societal and labor realities," 
according to a briefing given by the Office of the National Assembly 
(ONA).  The law also calls for the establishment of a government 
agency to implement the law and promote public education about 
gender equality.  According to an ONA official, "the reality in 
Vietnam is that there has been salary discrimination and a low level 
of participation by women in politics." 
 
Vietnam Women's Union for First Time Plays Prominent Role 
--------------------------------------------- ------- 
 
3. (SBU) Significantly, the Vietnam Women's Union (VWU) played a 
leading role in drafting the new law, marking the first time that 
the GVN has entrusted this mass organization with the creation of 
legislation.  (Note:  The VWU, like other mass organizations such as 
the Youth Union, is affiliated with the Party and acts as a bridge 
between it and major societal groups.  End Note.)  In a conversation 
with Poloff, VWU leaders explained that their lawmaking efforts 
centered on getting the following contents into the new 
legislation: 
 
-- A reiteration of the constitutional principle of gender equality 
in all fields; 
-- The promotion of greater understanding and acceptance of women in 
the workplace; 
-- A provision for equality in job recruitment and codification of 
equal pay for equal work; 
-- The prohibition of age discrimination between men and women for 
promotions and the elimination of certain age ceilings; 
-- And, the provision (for the first time) of paid paternity leave. 
 
4. (SBU) Over the course of the next few months, the VWU will 
continue to play a leading role by assisting the GVN in developing 
the law's implementing decrees.  The VWU plans to push for "detailed 
and strict implementation guidelines," the VWU officials told 
Poloff.  Currently, the aim is to have the implementing decrees go 
into effect in time for the National Women's Congress on July 1.  In 
a separate conversation with Poloff, Ministry of Labor, Invalids and 
Social Affairs officials said that one of the ministry's goals for 
the implementing decrees will be the elimination of gender-based 
wage discrimination. 
 
5. (SBU) When the implementing decrees go into effect, the VWU will 
plan and implement training and communications strategies for 
provincial and local authorities.  Some of the staff on the VWU's 
drafting committee confided in us that they think it will 
realistically take Vietnam "at least 15 years" to truly attain 
gender equality.  Nevertheless, the passage of this law is a 
critical first step, they concluded. 
 
UN Says New Law Out of Line with CEDAW 
-------------------------------------- 
 
6. (SBU) The law is not without controversy, however.  UN 
representatives resident in Hanoi have said publicly that there are 
parts of the new law that are not compatible with the UN Convention 
on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women 
(CEDAW), a reference to the law's codification of a lower retirement 
age for women than men (Ref A).  National Assembly officials 
 
HANOI 00000006  002.2 OF 002 
 
 
responded that the law's intent in preserving different retirement 
ages is to "protect the role of women in the family."  However, 
Office of the National Assembly Vice Chairman Nguyen Sy Dzung 
conceded that adjustments in the implementing decrees and eventually 
the law itself "may be possible." 
 
Comment 
------- 
 
7. (SBU) Government officials typically have the lead in drafting 
legislation -- often with little or no input from even the National 
Assembly -- so the VWU's prominent role in this instance is 
noteworthy (Ref B).  Although the Party-affiliated Women's Union is 
far from being independent or an outsider, it is nonetheless part of 
Vietnam's growing (but still very young) civil society.  It is 
encouraging that the GVN was willing to cede some lawmaking 
responsibility to the organization, an acknowledgement by the 
Government that the skills and expertise it lacks can be drawn from 
elsewhere and that civil society groups can have a hand in the 
creation of legislation.  End Comment. 
 
ALOISI