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Viewing cable 07BOGOTA440, MEETING WITH AFRO-COLOMBIAN HUMAN RIGHTS GROUP

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
07BOGOTA440 2007-01-22 21:24 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Bogota
VZCZCXYZ0001
RR RUEHWEB

DE RUEHBO #0440/01 0222124
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 222124Z JAN 07
FM AMEMBASSY BOGOTA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 2148
INFO RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS 8588
RUEHLP/AMEMBASSY LA PAZ JAN LIMA 4652
RUEHQT/AMEMBASSY QUITO 5306
RUEHGL/AMCONSUL GUAYAQUIL 3835
UNCLAS BOGOTA 000440 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PHUM PGOV CO
SUBJECT: MEETING WITH AFRO-COLOMBIAN HUMAN RIGHTS GROUP 
AFRODES 
 
REF: BOGOTA 0032 
 
------- 
SUMMARY 
------- 
 
1. (SBU) On January 17, Polcouns and Poloff visited the 
Bogota offices of the Association for Internally Displaced 
Afro-Colombians (AFRODES) to discuss specific threats against 
AFRODES' office in Cartagena, as well as land, displacement, 
and general security issues facing Afro-Colombians.  AFRODES 
President Geiler Romana appreciated Embassy efforts to obtain 
additional GOC security for the Cartagena office.  He said 
AFRODES was satisfied with land titling under Law 70 of 1993 
in the Pacific Coast Departments; the main threat to 
Afro-Colombian lands in this region is the lack of public 
order.  Romana claimed the GOC's census methodology was 
flawed, estimating the Afro-Colombian population to be 25 
percent of Colombia's total population as opposed to the 10 
percent found in the 2005 census.  End Summary. 
 
--------------- 
SECURITY ISSUES 
--------------- 
 
2. (SBU) In response to a letter to the Ambassador from 
several U.S.-based human rights groups, we met with AFRODES 
President Geiler Romana to discuss threats against the 
group's Cartagena office. The meeting followed Embassy 
outreach to the Vice President's Office for Human Rights and 
the Ministry of Interior and Justice' (MOIJ) Protection 
Program to obtain more security for the office.  Romana 
thanked the Embassy for its efforts to enhance protection of 
the Cartagena office.  He said pamphlets were distributed in 
a low-income Cartagena neighborhood in December 2006, 
identifying AFRODES as a "military target."  Romana had met 
with officials from the Vice President's Office for Human 
Rights and the MOIJ protection program to discuss these 
threats.  The GOC had offered to conduct a risk assessment of 
the Cartagena office to determine if it should receive 
protection measures.  Although AFRODES' Bogota office and 
national directors receive GOC protection measures, Romana 
feared this assessment would result in an "ordinary" to "low" 
risk finding, as it had in the past for AFRODES' regional 
offices/personnel. We promised to remain engaged with the GOC. 
 
3. (SBU) Romana said Afro-Colombians--and human rights groups 
defending their interests--continue to suffer violence and 
threats throughout Colombia.  He said approximately 30 
percent of all Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in 
Colombia are of Afro descent; UNHCR puts this number at 25 
percent.  Some 35 percent of the population of Choco's 
capital Quibdo are Afro-Colombian IDPs.  In addition to the 
Cartagena threats, Romana said AFRODES personnel were 
reluctant to visit Afro-Colombian IDPs in Soacha, south 
Bogota, due to a "large" former paramilitary presence. Given 
these dangers, he suggested the GOC designate a seat for an 
Afro-Colombian IDP on its inter-agency and 
inter-institutional Committee on Risk Regulation and 
Evaluation (CRER).  He said there is no Afro-Colombian 
representative on the CRER. 
 
----------- 
LAND ISSUES 
----------- 
 
4. (U) Romana said the GOC has collectively titled 5.2 
million hectares of land in Choco and the other Pacific Coast 
departments for Afro-Colombian communities under Law 70 of 
1993.  Only a small portion of land remains to be titled in 
this region. The main threat to Afro-Colombian lands in the 
Pacific Coast is the lack of public order, not legal title. 
He explained that land titling in Choco was effective because 
the GOC had previously designated this territory as federal 
land reserves.  In contrast, Romana said future collective 
titling, especially in urban centers, on the Caribbean coast 
and on the Eastern plains, would be problematic as the 
Instituto Colombiano de Desarrollo Rural (INCODER) would have 
to purchase land in order to grant titles to Afro-Colombian 
communities. 
 
5. (SBU) He also expressed concern that a new, comprehensive, 
rural development bill under consideration in the Colombian 
Congress (reftel) might undercut the protections provided 
Afro-Colombian lands under Law 70, explaining that such 
protections did not enjoy constitutional status.  (Note: The 
current version of the bill explicitly states that it does 
 
not modify any provisions of Law 70.) 
 
--------------------------------- 
AFRODES: CENSUS PROCESS IS FLAWED 
--------------------------------- 
 
6. (SBU) Romana said the census process was flawed, arguing 
that the Afro-Colombian population accounts for 25 percent of 
Colombia's total population rather than the roughly 10 
percent found in the 2005 census.  Romana attributed the 
undercount to discrepancies between how Colombians of Afro 
descent identify themselves in practice and the description 
of "Afro-Colombian" under the census, as well as a weak sense 
of ethnic identity in general among Afro-Colombians.  He 
complained the GOC has not been receptive to proposals to 
revise the census form to alleviate this problem. 
WOOD