Keep Us Strong WikiLeaks logo

Currently released so far... 97115 / 251,287

Articles

Browse latest releases

Browse by creation date

Browse by origin

A B C D F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

Browse by tag

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
ETRD EAGR ETTC EAID ECON EFIN ECIN EINV ELAB EAIR ENRG EPET EWWT ECPS EIND EMIN ELTN EC ETMIN EUC EZ ET ELECTIONS ENVR EU EUN EG EINT ER ECONOMICS ES EMS ENIV EEB EN ECE ECOSOC EK ENVIRONMENT EFIS EI EWT ENGRD ECPSN EXIM EIAD ERIN ECPC EDEV ENGY ECTRD EPA ESTH ECCT EINVECON ENGR ERTD EUR EAP EWWC ELTD EL EXIMOPIC EXTERNAL ETRDEC ESCAP ECO EGAD ELNT ECONOMIC ENV ETRN EIAR EUMEM ENRGPARMOTRASENVKGHGPGOVECONTSPLEAID EREL ECOM ECONETRDEAGRJA ETCC ETRG ECONOMY EMED ETR ENERG EITC EFINOECD EURM EENG ERA EXPORT ENRD ECONEINVETRDEFINELABETRDKTDBPGOVOPIC EGEN EBRD EVIN ETRAD ECOWAS EFTA ECONETRDBESPAR EGOVSY EPIN EID ECONENRG EDRC ESENV ETT EB ENER ELTNSNAR ECHEVARRIA ETRC EPIT EDUC ESA EFI ENRGY ESCI EE EAIDXMXAXBXFFR EETC ECIP EIAID EIVN EBEXP ESTN EING EGOV ETRA EPETEIND ELAN ETRDGK EAIDRW ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS EPEC ENVI ELN EAG EPCS EPRT EPTED ETRB EUM EAIDS EFIC EFINECONEAIDUNGAGM EAIDAR ESF EIDN ELAM EDU EV EAIDAF ECN EDA EXBS EINTECPS ENRGTRGYETRDBEXPBTIOSZ EPREL EAC EINVEFIN ETA EAGER EINDIR ECA ECLAC ELAP EITI EUCOM ECONEFINETRDPGOVEAGRPTERKTFNKCRMEAID EARG ELDIN EINVKSCA ENNP EFINECONCS EFINTS ECCP ETC EAIRASECCASCID EINN ETRP EAIDNI EFQ ECOQKPKO EGPHUM EBUD ECONEINVEFINPGOVIZ ENERGY ELB EINDETRD EMI ECONEFIN EIB EURN ETRDEINVTINTCS EIN EFIM ETIO ELAINE EMN EATO EWTR EIPR EINVETC ETTD ETDR EIQ ECONCS EPPD ENRGIZ EISL ESPINOSA ELEC EAIG ESLCO EUREM ENTG ERD EINVECONSENVCSJA EEPET EUNCH ECINECONCS ETRO ETRDECONWTOCS ECUN EFND EPECO EAIRECONRP ERGR ETRDPGOV ECPN ENRGMO EPWR EET EAIS EAGRE EDUARDO EAGRRP EAIDPHUMPRELUG EICN ECONQH EVN EGHG ELBR EINF EAIDHO EENV ETEX ERNG ED
KMDR KPAO KPKO KJUS KCRM KGHG KFRD KWMN KDEM KTFN KHIV KGIC KIDE KSCA KNNP KHUM KIPR KSUM KISL KIRF KCOR KRCM KPAL KWBG KN KS KOMC KSEP KFLU KPWR KTIA KSEO KMPI KHLS KICC KSTH KMCA KVPR KPRM KE KU KZ KFLO KSAF KTIP KTEX KBCT KOCI KOLY KOR KAWC KACT KUNR KTDB KSTC KLIG KSKN KNN KCFE KCIP KGHA KHDP KPOW KUNC KDRL KV KPREL KCRS KPOL KRVC KRIM KGIT KWIR KT KIRC KOMO KRFD KUWAIT KG KFIN KSCI KTFIN KFTN KGOV KPRV KSAC KGIV KCRIM KPIR KSOC KBIO KW KGLB KMWN KPO KFSC KSEAO KSTCPL KSI KPRP KREC KFPC KUNH KCSA KMRS KNDP KR KICCPUR KPPAO KCSY KTBT KCIS KNEP KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KNNB KGCC KINR KPOP KMFO KENV KNAR KVIR KDRG KDMR KFCE KNAO KDEN KGCN KICA KIMMITT KMCC KLFU KMSG KSEC KUM KCUL KMNP KSMT KCOM KOMCSG KSPR KPMI KRAD KIND KCRP KAUST KWAWC KTER KCHG KRDP KPAS KITA KTSC KPAOPREL KWGB KIRP KJUST KMIG KLAB KTFR KSEI KSTT KAPO KSTS KLSO KWNN KPOA KHSA KNPP KPAONZ KBTS KWWW KY KJRE KPAOKMDRKE KCRCM KSCS KWMNCI KESO KWUN KPLS KIIP KEDEM KPAOY KRIF KGICKS KREF KTRD KFRDSOCIRO KTAO KJU KWMNPHUMPRELKPAOZW KEN KO KNEI KEMR KKIV KEAI KWAC KRCIM KWCI KFIU KWIC KCORR KOMS KNNO KPAI KBWG KTTB KTBD KTIALG KILS KFEM KTDM KESS KNUC KPA KOMCCO KCEM KRCS KWBGSY KNPPIS KNNPMNUC KWN KERG KLTN KALM KCCP KSUMPHUM KREL KGH KLIP KTLA KAWK KWMM KVRP KVRC KAID KSLG KDEMK KX KIF KNPR KCFC KFTFN KTFM KPDD KCERS KMOC KDEMAF KMEPI KEMS KDRM KEPREL KBTR KEDU KNP KIRL KNNR KMPT KISLPINR KTPN KA KJUSTH KPIN KDEV KTDD KAKA KFRP KWNM KTSD KINL KJUSKUNR KWWMN KECF KWBC KPRO KVBL KOM KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KEDM KFLD KLPM KRGY KNNF KICR KIFR KM KWMNCS KAWS KLAP KPAK KDDG KCGC KID KNSD KMPF KPFO KDP KCMR KRMS KNPT KNNNP KTIAPARM KDTB KNUP KPGOV KNAP KNNC KUK KSRE KREISLER KIVP KQ KTIAEUN KPALAOIS KRM KISLAO KWM KFLOA
PHUM PINR PTER PGOV PREL PREF PL PM PHSA PE PARM PINS PK PUNE PO PALESTINIAN PU PBTS PROP PTBS POL POLI PA PGOVZI POLMIL POLITICAL PARTIES POLM PD POLITICS POLICY PAS PMIL PINT PNAT PV PKO PPOL PERSONS PING PBIO PH PETR PARMS PRES PCON PETERS PRELBR PT PLAB PP PAK PDEM PKPA PSOCI PF PLO PTERM PJUS PSOE PELOSI PROPERTY PGOVPREL PARP PRL PNIR PHUMKPAL PG PREZ PGIC PBOV PAO PKK PROV PHSAK PHUMPREL PROTECTION PGOVBL PSI PRELPK PGOVENRG PUM PRELKPKO PATTY PSOC PRIVATIZATION PRELSP PGOVEAIDUKNOSWGMHUCANLLHFRSPITNZ PMIG PREC PAIGH PROG PSHA PARK PETER POG PHUS PPREL PS PTERPREL PRELPGOV POV PKPO PGOVECON POUS PGOVPRELPHUMPREFSMIGELABEAIDKCRMKWMN PWBG PMAR PREM PAR PNR PRELPGOVEAIDECONEINVBEXPSCULOIIPBTIO PARMIR PGOVGM PHUH PARTM PN PRE PTE PY POLUN PPEL PDOV PGOVSOCI PIRF PGOVPM PBST PRELEVU PGOR PBTSRU PRM PRELKPAOIZ PGVO PERL PGOC PAGR PMIN PHUMR PVIP PPD PGV PRAM PINL PKPAL PTERE PGOF PINO PHAS PODC PRHUM PHUMA PREO PPA PEPFAR PGO PRGOV PAC PRESL PORG PKFK PEPR PRELP PREFA PNG PGOVPHUMKPAO PRELECON PINOCHET PFOR PGOVLO PHUMBA PRELC PREK PHUME PHJM POLINT PGOVPZ PGOVKCRM PGOVE PHALANAGE PARTY PECON PEACE PROCESS PLN PRELSW PAHO PEDRO PRELA PASS PPAO PGPV PNUM PCUL PGGV PSA PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA PGIV PRFE POGOV PEL PBT PAMQ PINF PSEPC POSTS PHUMPGOV PVOV PHSAPREL PROLIFERATION PENA PRELTBIOBA PIN PRELL PGOVPTER PHAM PHYTRP PTEL PTERPGOV PHARM PROTESTS PRELAF PKBL PRELKPAO PKNP PARMP PHUML PFOV PERM PUOS PRELGOV PHUMPTER PARAGRAPH PERURENA PBTSEWWT PCI PETROL PINSO PINSCE PQL PEREZ PBS

Browse by classification

Community resources

courage is contagious

Viewing cable 06SANTIAGO2303, CHILE'S SPECIAL 301 OUT-OF-CYCLE REVIEW: POST

If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs

Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:
  • The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
  • The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
  • The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.
To understand the justification used for the classification of each cable, please use this WikiSource article as reference.

Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #06SANTIAGO2303.
Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06SANTIAGO2303 2006-11-03 12:14 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Santiago
VZCZCXYZ0000
PP RUEHWEB

DE RUEHSG #2303/01 3071214
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 031214Z NOV 06
FM AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 0306
INFO RUEHAC/AMEMBASSY ASUNCION PRIORITY 2714
RUEHBR/AMEMBASSY BRASILIA PRIORITY 3376
RUEHBU/AMEMBASSY BUENOS AIRES PRIORITY 3290
RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS PRIORITY 1162
RUEHLP/AMEMBASSY LA PAZ NOV 4876
RUEHPE/AMEMBASSY LIMA PRIORITY 4792
RUEHMN/AMEMBASSY MONTEVIDEO PRIORITY 3418
RUEHRC/DEPT OF AGRICULTURE WASHDC PRIORITY
RUCPDOC/DEPT OF COMMERCE WASHDC PRIORITY
UNCLAS SANTIAGO 002303 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR EB/TPP/IPE - JENNIFER BOGER 
STATE PLEASE PASS TO USTR - JENNIFER GROVES, CARROLL COLLEY 
AND RACHEL BAE 
COMMERCE FOR CATHERINE PETERS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: ETRD KIPR PREL CI
SUBJECT: CHILE'S SPECIAL 301 OUT-OF-CYCLE REVIEW:  POST 
RECOMMENDS PRIORITY WATCH LIST 
 
REF: A. STATE 149667 
 
     B. SANTIAGO 1761 
 
1. (SBU) Summary: Post recommends that Chile be placed on the 
Special 301 Priority Watch List.  Nearly three years after 
the entry into force of the U.S.-Chile Free Trade Agreement, 
the GOC's institutional framework and political commitment to 
IPR protection, whether for pharmaceutical patents or 
copyrighted material, remain unclear at best.  Over the last 
five months since the announcement of an Out-Of-Cycle Review 
for Chile, the USG has made a concerted effort to understand 
better what progress Chile might have made on IPR issues. 
Even during the Santiago visit of A/USTR Eissenstat, the GOC 
was unable to lay out in an understandable fashion its IPR 
protection regime.  Though clear the GOC has taken some steps 
over the last several years, real progress remains slow and 
spotty at best.  Worse, there seems to have been no increase 
in the GOC's political commitment to protecting IPR, even for 
its own long-term development.  It is time to recognize that 
the emperor has no clothes and place Chile on the Priority 
Watch List.  End Summary. 
 
Data Protection 
--------------- 
 
2. (SBU) As reported in ref B, the GOC appears to have made 
some progress in providing data protection for innovative 
pharmaceuticals.  The GOC holds out Decree 153, published in 
December 2005, as a major step forward in providing 
protection.  At least one innovative drug has been granted 
data protection for its clinical trials under this decree. 
That being said, the decree creates many technical barriers 
to receiving protection.  Whether the decree will be applied 
realistically and consistently by the Ministry of Health and 
the Instituto de Salud Publica (ISP is the rough equivalent 
of the FDA) remains a large question mark. 
 
Pharmaceutical Patent Violations ) No Linkage In Sight 
--------------------------------------------- --------- 
 
3. (SBU) On the main issue of patent violations, the 
continued absence of any linkage between the granting of 
marketing rights and the existence of valid patents, there 
has been no progress.  The GOC privately admits that valid 
patents have been violated in the past but maintains this 
will not happen again.  However, it is unable to explain to 
the USG or to the affected pharmaceutical companies how it 
will be able to ensure these patents are not violated.  In 
response to the question of the best course of action should 
a patent be violated now or in the future, the GOC's only 
suggestion is for companies to turn to the court system.  It 
considers the existing court system to be the linkage 
required under the FTA.  In essence, the GOC has shifted the 
burden of upholding existing valid patents from itself to the 
patent holder and by extension to an unprepared court system. 
 
4. (SBU) The GOC maintains that patent rights must be upheld 
by court rulings, rather than by executive branch decisions 
on the part of either the ISP or the patent office.  It is 
possible that Chile's new patent regulations might expedite 
the issuance of civil injunctions to stop the marketing of 
unauthorized copies.  However, it is too early to tell how or 
even if this procedure will work.  What is clear is that the 
GOC intends to put the administrative and financial burden 
wholly on the original patent holder to defend its patent 
rights in Chile.  The capacity of the Chilean court system 
and its judges to serve as effective enforcers of patent 
rights remains questionable at best. 
 
Word Games 
---------- 
 
5. (SBU) In its discussion with A/USTR Eissenstat in August, 
the GOC played semantics by arguing that the ISP's issuance 
of sanitary approval does not violate the FTA's provision, 
which bars Chile from granting marketing approval in 
violation of a patent holder's rights, because the ISP does 
 
not literally grant "marketing approval."  But the fact is, 
once a product receives sanitary approval, it can be legally 
sold in Chile.  This intentional failure to link the sanitary 
approval process to existing, valid patent rights means quite 
simply that pirated copies of patented medicines are able to 
reach the Chilean market legally. 
 
6. (SBU) The FTA specifies in Article 17.10.2 that parties 
"shall not grant marketing approval to any third party prior 
to the expiration of the patent term."  When pushed, the 
GOC's official position is that sanitary approval is not 
marketing approval.  However, there is no entity in the 
Chilean Government which issues marketing approval and the 
concept itself does not exist in the GOC approval process for 
any product.  In essence, the ISP's granting of sanitary 
approval is official GOC approval to allow a pharmaceutical 
product to come to market. 
 
Inadequate Copyright Anti-Piracy Efforts 
---------------------------------------- 
 
7. (SBU) On the streets of Chile's major cities and at 
informal flea markets, the Chilean police can be relatively 
aggressive in arresting sellers of pirated optical media. 
However, these efforts have little long-term impact as 
punishment is minimal, with most IPR violators not even 
paying fines and criminal penalties suspended.  The police 
rarely investigate the manufacturing and distribution of 
pirated materials.  As a consequence, U.S. content industries 
report that piracy in Chile continues to cost U.S. companies 
significant revenue and market share in music, movies and 
software. 
 
8. (SBU) An anti-piracy bill introduced in early 2004 remains 
in the Chilean Congress pending further review.  Most local 
and international industry observers consider the bill's 
civil and criminal penalties too low to serve as an effective 
deterrent.  On another front, the GOC has also been slow in 
seeking to obtain legitimate copies of computer software for 
use by all government ministries, as required by the 
U.S.-Chile FTA.  President Lagos issued an executive order in 
2003 instructing government offices to procure only licensed 
software, but there has been no formal follow-up.  The weak 
anti-piracy bill combined with the GOC's half-hearted attempt 
to police its own use of pirated software does not speak well 
of the Chilean Government's commitment to copyright 
protection. 
 
Recommendation:  Place Chile on the Priority Watch List 
--------------------------------------------- ---------- 
 
9. (SBU) At the heart of the lack of progress on IPR 
protection in Chile is a lack of political will.  Chilean 
policy decisions and actions continue to fall short of 
official rhetoric and formal trade agreement commitments on 
IPR.  It is possible that placing Chile on the Priority Watch 
List -- it would become the first U.S. FTA partner to become 
a PWL country -- will initiate a needed public debate on the 
value of IPR to Chile.  It will certainly be seen by Chile as 
punishment should Chile vote for Venezuela for a 
non-permanent UNSC seat.  Nonetheless, the facts speak for 
themselves. 
 
10. (SBU) One of the pillars of President Bachelet's future 
vision for Chile is innovation.  That vision remains largely 
unarticulated, but clearly investment in and protection of 
intellectual property rights could play a constructive role 
in fostering innovation.  It is time for Chile to put some 
consistent and transparent substance behind its rhetoric. 
While the GOC provides assurances it understands USG concerns 
on patents and copyrights, and it claims it has been moving 
to address them (and constantly seeks praise for the steps it 
has taken), real progress on the ground has been minimal. 
Post has a strong sense that the GOC will continue, as long 
as it feels it can get away with it, to do the minimum to 
keep the U.S. at bay.  At this point we have no choice but to 
recommend Chile be placed on the Priority Watch List. 
 
KELLY