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Viewing cable 06MEXICO6483, MEXICO: LATIN AMERICA-CARIBBEAN BIOFUELS INITIATIVE

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06MEXICO6483 2006-11-15 19:01 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Mexico
VZCZCXYZ0007
RR RUEHWEB

DE RUEHME #6483/01 3191901
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 151901Z NOV 06
FM AMEMBASSY MEXICO
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 4216
UNCLAS MEXICO 006483 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
FOR WHA/EPSC CORNEILLE, 
EB/ESC/IEC IZZO, 
E MANUEL, 
AND OES/STC PAMELA BATES 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: ENRG EPET ECON MX
SUBJECT: MEXICO: LATIN AMERICA-CARIBBEAN BIOFUELS INITIATIVE 
 
REF: SECSTATE 164558 
 
1.  Summary.  Mexican officials, private organizations and 
energy research centers believe that the country's 
agricultural production is appropriate for ethanol and 
bio-fuel manufacturing, but with output of only 45 million 
liters per year, significant investment and infrastructure 
development will be necessary before Mexico can count on 
ethanol for a significant share of its fuel demand. 
Nevertheless, Pemex officials report the company is looking 
at options to produce a 10% ethanol fuel.  The Mexican 
Congress is considering two measures to promote ethanol and 
biofuels, and investors have begun building some ethanol 
facilities.  End summary. 
 
2.  Mexico produces 45 million liters/year of ethanol and 
imports an additional 119 million liters/year to supply its 
chemical and pharmaceutical sectors.   In a recent speech to 
energy industry representatives, Energy Secretary Fernando 
Canales noted that the Mexican oil and gas monopoly, Pemex, 
would develop an integrated program to blend ethanol with 
gasoline sold throughout the country.  Pemex recently 
invested USD 4 million in a first step to add the necessary 
equipment to the company's 6 refineries and 17 gasoline 
distribution centers. 
 
3.  Nonetheless, Mexico is limited in how far it can take the 
program due to its limited ethanol production capacity. 
Currently Mexican ethanol production is all slated for 
non-fuel uses.  According to the Mexican press, two private 
investment projects supported by the national development 
bank are moving ahead in Sinaloa state to produce ethanol 
from corn, one project in Tamaulipas state will produce 
ethanol from sorghum, and two projects in Veracruz state will 
produce ethanol from sugar cane. 
 
4.  Along the same lines, the Mexican Economy Secretariat 
announced a public-private program in January 2006 for the 
domestic sugar industry to examine construction of ethanol 
plants.  Press reports indicate that Mexican sugar industry 
representatives, concerned about competition from high 
fructose corn syrup, are looking to ethanol production as a 
potential savior for the industry. 
 
------------------ 
Investment Climate 
------------------ 
 
5.  There is no specific bio-fuel legislation in place in 
Mexico, but the Mexican Congress has entered the debate, and 
there are now two proposed pieces of legislation to establish 
the necessary legal framework for the Mexican Energy 
Secretariat (SENER) to move ahead on bio-fuels. 
 
SIPDIS 
 
(A) Proposed Law for the Use of Renewable Sources of Energy 
-- The proposal includes the creation of a trust fund that 
will allow "renewable energy sources" to provide 8 percent of 
national electricity generation by 2012.  This proposed law 
defines bio-fuels as "liquid or gas fuels, such as ethanol, 
methanol, bio-diesel and methane gas, as long as they are 
produced from biomass, or non-toxic and safe organic 
residues."  Within this generic trust fund, a specific 
support would be created to cover any differentials between 
the cost of production and market prices for bio-fuel. 
 
(B) Proposed Law for the Development and Promotion of 
Bio-fuels -- In this proposal, bio-fuels are defined as 
"ethanol and biodiesel fuels that are produced from 
commodities or agricultural products."  The law calls for 
phasing in a specific target for percentage biofuel or 
ethanol for all Mexican gasoline. 
 
6.  Both proposals are under debate in the current session of 
Congress.  As a result of the greater attention given to 
ethanol in recent months, the GOM has decided to analyze for 
itself the true potential of bio-fuels.  With support of the 
Interamerican Development Bank and the German government (GTZ 
- German Technical Cooperation), SENER is carrying out 
feasibility studies for ethanol and bio-diesel.  Those 
studies were to have been completed in the last several 
weeks, though the Embassy has not yet been able to obtain 
copies. 
 
------------- 
Energy Sector 
------------- 
 
7.  Despite these first steps, Article 27 of the Mexican 
Constitution, reserves production of crude oil to Pemex. 
 
While initial reading of the constitution does not indicate 
that ethanol production would be similarly restricted, the 
lack of legal framework and Pemex's de facto position as the 
only gasoline distributor and retailer in Mexico suggests 
that some regulatory and legislative work will be required to 
allow legal clarity for large-scale ethanol blending to move 
forward, a position confirmed by industry experts. 
 
-------------------- 
Agriculture Industry 
-------------------- 
 
8.  Many private organizations and energy research centers in 
Mexico believe that the country's agricultural production is 
particularly appropriate for ethanol and bio-diesel. 
However, none of the 8 percent of the nation's energy 
consumption generated from biomass is related to fuel for 
transportation.  The main sources of bio-energy used are 
sugar cane bagasse (92 Petajoules -- used for the generation 
of electricity and heat in the sugar cane industry) and wood 
(250 Petajoules -- used for heating and cooking). 
 
9.  The transformation of the sugar industry will be another 
factor that the new government has to consider in its overall 
bio-fuel policies.  Mexican industry and government officials 
recognize the need to diversify the sugar industry. 
Currently, almost all sugar cane production goes into the 
production of sugar.  The sugar industry is pushing the 
government to develop a bio-ethanol industry as a key part of 
diversification, and the current Sugar Law already has some 
provisions towards such diversification.  However, many have 
pointed out that successful development requires substantial 
investment in plants and infrastructure as well as the 
participation of Mexico's energy sector.  Some local 
governments are also indicating that they will provide some 
"supports" to produce ethanol based on sugarcane.  However, 
since the Sugar Law is still an uncertain legal framework, 
there is no clarity about the policy and pricing of sugar 
cane for ethanol production purposes. 
 
10.  Mexico currently does not produce enough corn to meet 
domestic demand, although some regions do produce a surplus. 
That being the case, it is unlikely that Mexico could 
effectively use corn as an ethanol feedstock. 
 
 
Visit Mexico City's Classified Web Site at 
http://www.state.sgov.gov/p/wha/mexicocity 
BASSETT