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Viewing cable 06LIMA4408, FORMER FM BLACKER MILLER: PROVISIONAL ARREST

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06LIMA4408 2006-11-17 18:07 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Lima
VZCZCXYZ0005
PP RUEHWEB

DE RUEHPE #4408/01 3211807
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 171807Z NOV 06
FM AMEMBASSY LIMA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 3016
INFO RUEHAC/AMEMBASSY ASUNCION PRIORITY 1552
RUEHBO/AMEMBASSY BOGOTA PRIORITY 4108
RUEHBR/AMEMBASSY BRASILIA PRIORITY 7090
RUEHBU/AMEMBASSY BUENOS AIRES PRIORITY 2673
RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS PRIORITY 9933
RUEHLP/AMEMBASSY LA PAZ NOV 3838
RUEHMN/AMEMBASSY MONTEVIDEO PRIORITY 9027
RUEHQT/AMEMBASSY QUITO PRIORITY 0824
RUEHSG/AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO PRIORITY 0945
RHEHAAA/NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC PRIORITY
RUMIAAA/USCINCSO MIAMI FL PRIORITY
UNCLAS LIMA 004408 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PGOV PREL KJUS PE
SUBJECT: FORMER FM BLACKER MILLER: PROVISIONAL ARREST 
REQUEST NOT POLITICALLY MOTIVATED, BUT CHARGE A POLITICAL 
OFFENSE 
 
REF: A. 11/8 EMAIL POLCOUNS ALUDWIG TO WHA/AND AND L/LEI 
     B. 11/8 EMAIL FROM L/LEI TO POLCOUNS ALUDWIG 
 
Sensitive But Unclassified. Please handle accordingly. 
 
1. (SBU) Summary: This is an action request - please see para 
6.  The GOP request for the provisional arrest of former 
Peruvian FM Augusto Blacker Miller for his alleged 
participation in the 1992 self-coup ("auto-golpe") is not, in 
our view, politically motivated; that is, we do not believe 
the government is pursuing this case for political ends. 
However, notwithstanding the Adhoc Prosecutor's Office's 
considered arguments, the "rebelion" (rebellion or treason) 
charge against Blacker Miller that forms the basis of a 
possible future extradition request is intrinsically 
political, and as such would appear to be a basis for denying 
an eventual extradition request under Article IV of the 
U.S.-Peru Extradition Treaty.  End Summary. 
 
Not Politically Motivated 
------------------------- 
 
2. (SBU) The GOP request for the provisional arrest with a 
view to extraditing former Peruvian Foreign Minister Manuel 
Augusto Blacker Miller is not, in our view, politically 
motivated.  That is, we have no evidence that the government 
is directing political pressure on prosecutors to influence 
the legal process or that the provisional arrest request 
itself is aimed at weakening or removing Blacker Miller for 
reasons of his political standing.  Importantly, the Adhoc 
Prosecutors Office for Fujimori-Montesinos cases was created 
by the government of former President Alejandro Toledo, and 
began building the case against Blacker Miller that has 
resulted in the current provisional arrest request before 
current President Alan Garcia took office.  Moreover, the 
legal process appears to be going at its own pace, neither 
sped up, slowed down, nor otherwise unduly pressured or 
directed by the current government. 
 
3.  (SBU) By all the evidence, the Prosecutors Office appears 
merely to be carrying out its mandate of prosecuting 
officials in the Fujimori-Montesinos government who were 
allegedly involved in corruption and abuse of power. 
Repeated interactions with Adhoc prosecutors, who are 
unfailingly professional and by all appearances undistracted 
by political considerations, buttress this view. 
 
Likely a Political Offense 
-------------------------- 
4 (SBU) Blacker Miller is being charged solely with 
"rebelion" (treason or rebellion) for his alleged 
participation in the 1992 self-coup ("auto-golpe") in which 
the government of then President Alberto Fujimori shut down 
congress and established a de facto government.  However 
reprehensible or anti-democratic the action, the treason or 
rebellion charge by its nature appears to be a political 
offense, which would explicitly exclude it from consideration 
under the Extradition Treaty Between the United States of 
America and the Republic of Peru signed on July 26, 2001 
(entered into force August 25, 2003). 
 
5. (U) Polcouns and Poloff met with Chief of Extradition 
Cases Omar Chehade and Legal Advisor Jessie Trevejo of the 
Prosecutors Office on 11/9 to discuss the case.  Chief 
Prosecutor Carlos Briceno participated in the final part of 
the meeting.  The Prosecutors argued the charge overcomes the 
"political crime" interpretation for the following reasons: 
 
-- Blacker Miller planned and participated in a coup that 
subverted constitutional order (as opposed to the rule of a 
dictator) and consolidated power in a system he knew would be 
engaged in illegal acts such as corruption for personal 
profit, narco-trafficking and kidnapping.  (Note: Prosecutors 
do not allege that Blacker Miller participated directly in 
any of these crimes, only that he knew with forethought they 
would result from the subverting of constitutional order. End 
Note.) 
 
-- Prosecutors draw from so-called "teoria mixta" to 
 
 
distinguish a coup that overthrows undemocratic governments 
from those that topple democratic ones, arguing that the 
latter is a greater offense and less susceptible to the 
"political crime" interpretation.  They will reference 
international law, including relevant OAS resolutions.  In 
this respect, they appeal to the U.S. commitment to 
constitutional government and democratic sentiments. 
 
-- The charge cannot be seen as political persecution because 
Fujimori himself, while President of Peru, signed the 
Peruvian laws that are being used to charge him. 
 
Alternatives 
------------ 
5. (SBU) The prosecutors emphasized that their paramount 
interest was to bring Blacker Miller back to Peru to face the 
charges, and acknowledged that returning him "some other way" 
would obviate an extradition request.  They mentioned 
expulsion or deportation from the U.S. as possible 
alternatives.  After investigating the alternatives, Consul 
General and DHS chief agree that Blacker Miller does not 
appear to be in violation of U.S. immigration law. 
 
Preventing Damage: Action Request 
--------------------------------- 
6. (SBU) The Prosecutor's Office understands the politically 
and diplomatically sensitive nature of the case, and has 
sought to keep it out of the press for this reason.  Poloffs 
told the prosecutors it will be hard to convince legal 
experts in the USG that the charge of rebellion is anything 
other than political, even as we deplored and continue to 
deplore Fujimori's auto golpe.  We added that, in addition to 
maintaining fidelity with the terms of our bilateral 
extradition treaty, which excludes political offenses from 
consideration, we wanted to avoid the publicly damaging 
prospect of a formal extradition request that was doomed to 
fail.  To this end, Post requests the department's guidance 
regarding the likely fate of an extradition request for 
Blacker Miller to convey informally with the Adhoc 
Prosecutors office. 
STRUBLE