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Viewing cable 06BUCHAREST1672, ROMANIA: 2006-2007 INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06BUCHAREST1672 2006-11-01 15:56 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Bucharest
VZCZCXYZ0020
PP RUEHWEB

DE RUEHBM #1672/01 3051556
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 011556Z NOV 06
FM AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5477
UNCLAS BUCHAREST 001672 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT FOR INL; EUR/NCE - JUDITH GARBER 
JUSTICE FOR OIA, AFMLS AND NDDS 
TREASURY FOR FINCEN 
DEA FOR OILS AND OFFICE FOR DIVERSION CONTROL 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: SNAR RO
SUBJECT: ROMANIA: 2006-2007 INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL 
STRATEGY REPORT 
 
REF: STATE 155088 
 
This report provides Embassy Bucharest,s input for the 
illegal drug and chemical control sections of the 2006-2007 
International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (Reftel). 
 
1. Summary:   Romania serves as a transit country for 
narcotics, as it lies along the well-established Northern 
Balkan route that is used to move heroin and opium from 
Southwest Asia to Central and Western Europe.  Romania also 
sits astride a developing route for the transit of synthetic 
drugs from Western and Northern Europe to the East.  However, 
while Romania is not a major source of production or 
cultivation of narcotics, it has begun to serve as a source 
of amphetamines and is used as a transit point for South 
American cocaine destined for Western Europe.  In 2006, 
Romania made several major drug seizures.  Romania worked to 
implement its 2005-2008 National Anti-Drug Strategy and is a 
party to the 1988 UN Drug Convention. 
 
Status of country 
------------------- 
 
2. Romania lies along what is commonly referred to as the 
Northern Balkan Route, and thus it is a transit country for 
narcotics, mainly heroin and opium, moving from Southwest 
Asia, through Turkey and Bulgaria and onward toward Central 
and Western Europe.  Romania finds itself along a developing 
route for the transit of synthetic drugs from Western and 
Northern Europe to the East.  A large amount of precursor 
chemicals transit Romania from West European countries toward 
Turkey.  Romania is increasingly becoming a storage location 
for illicit drugs prior to shipment to other European 
countries.  Heroin and marijuana are the primary drugs 
consumed in Romania. However, the use of synthetic drugs such 
as MDMA (Ecstasy)has increased among segments of the 
country's youth as economic conditions improve.  Officials 
also predict an increase in domestic heroin consumption. 
 
Country actions against drugs in 2006 
--------------------------------------- 
 
3. Policy initiatives:  Romania continues to build an 
integrated system of prevention and treatment services at the 
national and local level, with 47 Anti-Drug Prevention and 
Counseling Centers throughout the country.  The General 
Directorate for Countering Organized Crime and Anti-Drug 
(DGCCOA) operates at both the central and territorial level, 
with 15 brigades assigned next to the local Appeal Courts and 
41 county offices for combating narcotics and organized 
crime.  Joint teams of police and social workers carry out 
educational and preventative programs against drug 
consumption. Romania plays an active role in the 
Bucharest-based Southeast European Cooperative Initiative 
(SECI) Center's Anti-Drug Task Force. 
 
Law enforcement efforts:  In the first six months of 2006, 
Romanian authorities seized 162 kilograms of illegal drugs, 
including 23 kilograms of heroin, 10 kilograms of cocaine, 94 
kilogram of mescaline, 26 kilograms of cannabis and 11,133 
amphetamine and derivates pills. During the first six months 
of 2006, approximately 1218 individuals were investigated for 
drugs and precursors trafficking, possession and consumption. 
This was an increase of 11.6 percent compared with the same 
period in 2005. 315 individuals were indicted and 228 were 
held under preventive arrest. The Romanian Courts convicted 
349 individuals (most of these were indicted in 2005 and 
before), of which 329 were sent to prison and 20 given a fine. 
 
Corruption:  Corruption remains a serious problem within the 
Romanian government, including within the judiciary and law 
enforcement branches. The Code of Ethics for police officers 
provides strict rules for the professional conduct of law 
enforcement.  It specifically addresses corruption, use of 
force, torture, and illegal behavior.  Unlawful or abusive 
acts may trigger criminal or disciplinary sanctions.  In 
conjunction with the Code of Ethics, the government created a 
permanent commission within the Ministry of the 
Administration and Interior to monitor compliance with the 
code.  Also, the newly created Anti-corruption unit within 
the Ministry of the Administration and Interior conducted 
several internal undercover operations targeting corruption 
among police officers. 
 
The Romanian government does not encourage or facilitate 
illicit production or distribution of narcotic or 
psychotropic drugs or other controlled substances, or the 
laundering of proceeds from illegal drug transactions as a 
 
matter of government policy.  We do not believe that senior 
officials within Romania engage in, encourage, or facilitate 
the illicit production or distribution of such drugs or 
substances.  We have no information indicating that senior 
officials launder proceeds from illegal transactions. 
 
Agreements and treaties:  Romania is a party to the 1988 UN 
Drug Convention.  An extradition treaty is in force between 
Romania and the United States.  A mutual legal assistance 
treaty came into force in October 2001 and is in the process 
of being renegotiated in accordance with constitutional 
amendments that came into effect in January 2004, making it 
possible for Romania to extradite its own citizens.  Romania 
is party to the UN Convention Against Transnational Organized 
crime, the 1961 UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, and 
the 1971 UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances. 
 
Cultivation/production: For the first time, in 2006, 
cultivated green cactus (San Pedro), containing high levels 
of mescaline, was discovered for sale in Baia Mare. 
 
Drug Flow/transit:  Illicit narcotics from Afghanistan and 
Central Asia enter Romania both from the north and east, and 
as well as its southern border with Bulgaria.  Land 
transportation methods include both cargo and passenger 
vehicles.  However, drugs, primarily heroin, are also brought 
into the country via the Black Sea port of Constanta on 
commercial maritime ships and across the border with Moldova, 
as well as via the country's international airports.  Once in 
Romania, the drugs move either northwest through Hungary, or 
west through Serbia.  Police estimate that 80 percent of the 
drugs entering Romania continue on to Western Europe. Romania 
also is becoming an increasingly important route for the 
transit of synthetic drugs from Western and Northern Europe 
to the East. 
 
Domestic programs:  While consumption of narcotics in Romania 
has historically been low, this appears to be slowly 
changing; the Romanian government has become increasingly 
concerned about domestic drug consumption. Approximately, 800 
drug prevention programs were initiated during the first half 
of 2006, including programs against drug consumption in the 
families, in schools or in the community.  These were 
conducted in cooperation with local authorities, NGO,s, 
religious organizations and private companies. Detoxification 
programs are offered through some hospitals, but treatment is 
limited.  These programs are hampered by a lack of resources 
and poorly trained staff. 
 
U.S. Policy Initiatives and Programs 
-------------------------------------- 
 
4. Bilateral Cooperation.  In 2006, the United States 
provided $1,724,000 in assistance to further develop 
Romania,s activities against cyber-crime, narcotics 
trafficking, as well as to reform the criminal justice 
system, combat emerging crimes and counter official 
corruption. This year,s agreement covers two projects that 
to continue to help Romania's prosecutorial and judicial 
institutions to effectively prosecute corruption, trafficking 
in persons (TIP), organized crime, terrorism and other crimes 
($825,000).  They also develop law enforcement capabilities 
to effectively combat computer crime cases and narcotics 
violations at both the national and local levels and to 
support the Romanian National Police in its effort to 
decentralize decision-making authority ($849,000). 
 
Romania also benefited in 2006 from approximately $900,000 in 
U.S. assistance to the Bucharest-based Southeast European 
Cooperative Initiative (SECI) Center for Combating 
Trans-border Crime, which more broadly supports the twelve 
participating states in the Balkan region and focuses on 
trans-border crime, with one task force directed specifically 
towards combating the narcotics trade.  The United States is 
a permanent observer country at the SECI Center, with a DEA 
Liaison Officer who assists in coordinating narcotics 
information sharing, maintains liaison with participating law 
enforcement agencies, and coordinates with the DGCCOA on 
case-related issues.  A Resident Legal Advisor from the U.S. 
Department of Justice is assigned to the SECI Center, 
providing guidance on drug trafficking investigations. 
 
Data tables 
----------------- 
 
5. Not applicable. 
 
6. Chemical control. The quantity of chemical precursors 
 
seized in the first half of 2006 is 600 kilograms, 504 liters 
and 153 pills. Most of these chemicals were seized by 
anti-narcotic squads from research institutes, because they 
lacked appropriate legal documents. No clandestine labs 
manufacturing drugs were discovered and only one illicit 
plant culture.  In the first six months of 2006, 
anti-narcotic squads discovered in the possession of the 
persons involved in trafficking and consumption approximately 
1438 pills of methadone, 16 grams of methadone, 60 pills of 
petidine and 34 pills of codeine.  Legislation implemented in 
late 2005, strengthened legal provisions regarding the use of 
psychotropic plants, substances and chemicals. The 
institution in charge of chemical control is the National 
Agency for Dangerous Substances and Chemicals. 
 
Outlook: Romania has put a serious emphasis on its counter 
narcotics efforts and cooperation with the USG.  The USG 
believes that cooperation will continue, as the Romanian 
government has become increasingly concerned about domestic 
drug consumption.  The United States will continue supporting 
Romania's efforts to strengthen its judicial and law 
enforcement institutions. 
Taubman