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Viewing cable 06ZAGREB1261, GOC CONTINUES ENERGETIC FIGHT AGAINST TRAFFICKING

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06ZAGREB1261 2006-10-18 07:20 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Zagreb
VZCZCXRO2515
RR RUEHAG RUEHAST RUEHDA RUEHDBU RUEHDF RUEHFL RUEHIK RUEHKW RUEHLA
RUEHLN RUEHLZ RUEHROV RUEHSR RUEHVK RUEHYG
DE RUEHVB #1261/01 2910720
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 180720Z OCT 06
FM AMEMBASSY ZAGREB
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 6805
INFO RUEHZL/EUROPEAN POLITICAL COLLECTIVE
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 ZAGREB 001261 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958 : NA 
TAGS: KCRM KWMN PHUM PREL HR TRAFFICKING
SUBJECT:  GOC CONTINUES ENERGETIC FIGHT AGAINST TRAFFICKING 
 
Sensitive but unclassified, please handle accordingly 
 
1. (SBU) SUMMARY AND COMMENT: GOC officials and Croatian NGOs 
presented a coherent and well-structured approach to fighting 
trafficking in persons (TIP) to visiting G/TIP Foreign Affairs 
Officer Jennifer Donnelly in late September.  Although NGOs praised 
the government's anti-trafficking laws, policies, and victim 
referral system, they admitted that Croatia is still on a learning 
curve, and effective implementation, particularly in the form of 
victim identification and effective court cases, is still being 
realized. Over the past two years, Croatia has put in place a 
National Action Plan, Operational Plan, legal framework and 
enforcement infrastructure, demonstrating a genuine political 
commitment and operational efforts in the areas of prevention, 
education and victims' assistance. 
 
2 (SBU) Donnelly and embassy officials stressed in meetings with 
Croatian officials the need to further enhance anti-TIP activities 
by increasing the numbers of TIP-related prosecutions and 
convictions and intensifying the effort to identify more victims 
needing assistance. Although partly due to an overloaded and 
inefficient judicial system, the lack of TIP convictions remains of 
concern to the USG. Most NGOs, as well as anti-trafficking national 
coordinator Luka Maderic, noted Croatia's growing role as a 
destination country.  With a good referral mechanism and shelters in 
place, the government appears to be institutionally prepared to 
handle this reality. END SUMMARY AND COMMENT 
 
3. (U) Embassy Zagreb welcomed the September 27-29 visit of GTIP 
Foreign Affairs Officer Jennifer Donnelly as a valuable opportunity 
to reinforce strong U.S interest in Croatia's anti-TIP activities, 
to commend Croatia for actions taken over the past two years, and to 
seek an intensified focus on identifying victims and building sound 
legal cases for prosecution and convictions of traffickers.  Embassy 
arranged a broad cross-section of meetings for Ms. Donnelly with, 
inter alia, the National TIP Coordinator (who is also Head of the 
Government Office for Human Rights), representatives of the of the 
Ministry of Interior (including Immigration and Border police, the 
Organized Crime Department, and others), head of the local office of 
the International Organization for Migration, and a number of other 
NGOs from throughout the country. 
 
4. (U) Throughout the visit, NGOs expressed satisfaction with the 
efforts of Croatian National TIP coordinator, Luka Maderic, Head of 
the Croatian Government Office for Human Rights. As noted in the 
annual U.S. report, the GOC's annual National Action Plan and 
Strategy for the Suppression of Trafficking in Persons clearly 
identifies measures, activities, implementing authority, funding, 
and indicators needed to fight trafficking. While the implementation 
for the National Strategy mostly lies within the jurisdiction of the 
Ministry of Interior, a collaborative effort with the Ministry of 
Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Ministry of 
Family, Ministry of Justice, and the State's Attorney's Office 
clearly exists.  Ongoing efforts to educate police officers and 
border agents about victim identification and assistance were 
particularly notable successes in the GoC's efforts to combating 
TIP. 
 
5. (U) Several NGOs noted that the while the legislative framework 
and infrastructure to successfully combat trafficking in persons are 
clearly in place, a Memorandum of Understanding between NGOs and the 
GoC would help alleviate misunderstandings about which protocols the 
government was responsible for implementing, and under what 
guidelines NGOs should operate under when assisting TIP victims of 
TIP.  GoC officials indicated that drafting, approval and signature 
of such an MOU is planned for 2007. This will further strengthen 
existing cooperation and will make protocols between NGOs and GoC 
more formal. 
 
6. (U) During meetings with NGOs, Donnelly and embassy officials 
heard anecdotal information about Croatia's role as a destination 
country for both sexual exploitation and forced labor. Given 
Croatia's growing popularity as a tourist destination, particularly 
along Croatia's Adriatic coastline, sex tourism and prostitution are 
is increasingly evident.  NGOs noted that Croatia's special dancer 
or go-go visas (1,500 issued/available a year) were a possible tool 
for traffickers to exploit victims. In addition, IOM indicated that 
an estimated 200 unaccompanied minors visit Croatia annually, and 
alleged that 80% of these minors are trafficking victims. 
 
7. (U) The GOC has identified seven TIP victims in the first nine 
months of 2006,(Embassy is seeking clarification from IOM which 
identified ten victims).  During a meeting with anti-trafficking 
police and border officials, police acknowledged there is a 'hidden 
number' of trafficking in Croatia, as well as undiscovered cases in 
the country. One NGO asserted "we definitely have more victims than 
officially recorded." Some NGOs noted that part of the problem with 
victim identification lies in the fact that police in Croatia are 
solely responsible for victim identification, and while police have 
received good training, IOM questioned whether they are truly 
'sensitized' to this inherently complex problem. Another NGO noted 
 
ZAGREB 00001261  002 OF 002 
 
 
that the time window of 12-24 hours for law enforcement to interview 
potential victims is too short for victims to feel comfortable 
enough to disclose the details of their exploitation or realize they 
are trafficking victims. All NGOs clearly were happy with the 
referral system itself but noted that identification is a long 
learning process; Croatian authorities are still learning from other 
countries' practices. 
 
8. (U) Some NGOs attributed low victim identification to an overall 
regional trend of growing sophistication and organization of 
trafficking (including more victims holding legal/forged 
documentation); as a result it has become more difficult to 
distinguish trafficking from illegal/legal migration and 
prostitution. While police reported that all illegal migrants are 
screened for trafficking indicators, two NGOs indicated that they 
did not believe screening among women in prostitution was 
"adequate", with IOM further noting that the adequacy of screening 
efforts are still mixed among women in prostitution.  Due to the 
changing trends noted above, it has become more difficult to 
identify them as trafficking victims as many will insist they are 
voluntary.  IOM also noted that trafficking networks are rotating 
victims between BiH and Croatia and that IOM is seeing women in 
Croatia who are later identified as victims in BiH and Serbia - 
although they usually are exploited and trafficked in Croatia as 
well. 
 
9. (U) Embassy officers used Ms. Donnelly's visit to reiterate with 
GOC officials the importance of investigation, prosecution and 
conviction of traffickers as a deterrent to trafficking in the 
region and as an indicator of Croatia's seriousness in pursuing 
traffickers. One NGO asserted that the judiciary continues to be the 
weakest link and is not sufficiently pursuing cases. IOM also 
alleged that confidentiality is an issue among prosecutors and 
judges and described some instances where judges faxed case 
information (including victims' identity) to journalists.  With 
seven ongoing investigations, and three criminal charges pending 
against nine alleged perpetrators, convictions are likely to 
increase as cases begin to work their way through the already 
backlogged legal system. 
 
10. (U) Ms. Donnelly has cleared this message. 
 
DELAWIE