Keep Us Strong WikiLeaks logo

Currently released so far... 97115 / 251,287

Articles

Browse latest releases

Browse by creation date

Browse by origin

A B C D F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

Browse by tag

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
ETRD EAGR ETTC EAID ECON EFIN ECIN EINV ELAB EAIR ENRG EPET EWWT ECPS EIND EMIN ELTN EC ETMIN EUC EZ ET ELECTIONS ENVR EU EUN EG EINT ER ECONOMICS ES EMS ENIV EEB EN ECE ECOSOC EK ENVIRONMENT EFIS EI EWT ENGRD ECPSN EXIM EIAD ERIN ECPC EDEV ENGY ECTRD EPA ESTH ECCT EINVECON ENGR ERTD EUR EAP EWWC ELTD EL EXIMOPIC EXTERNAL ETRDEC ESCAP ECO EGAD ELNT ECONOMIC ENV ETRN EIAR EUMEM ENRGPARMOTRASENVKGHGPGOVECONTSPLEAID EREL ECOM ECONETRDEAGRJA ETCC ETRG ECONOMY EMED ETR ENERG EITC EFINOECD EURM EENG ERA EXPORT ENRD ECONEINVETRDEFINELABETRDKTDBPGOVOPIC EGEN EBRD EVIN ETRAD ECOWAS EFTA ECONETRDBESPAR EGOVSY EPIN EID ECONENRG EDRC ESENV ETT EB ENER ELTNSNAR ECHEVARRIA ETRC EPIT EDUC ESA EFI ENRGY ESCI EE EAIDXMXAXBXFFR EETC ECIP EIAID EIVN EBEXP ESTN EING EGOV ETRA EPETEIND ELAN ETRDGK EAIDRW ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS EPEC ENVI ELN EAG EPCS EPRT EPTED ETRB EUM EAIDS EFIC EFINECONEAIDUNGAGM EAIDAR ESF EIDN ELAM EDU EV EAIDAF ECN EDA EXBS EINTECPS ENRGTRGYETRDBEXPBTIOSZ EPREL EAC EINVEFIN ETA EAGER EINDIR ECA ECLAC ELAP EITI EUCOM ECONEFINETRDPGOVEAGRPTERKTFNKCRMEAID EARG ELDIN EINVKSCA ENNP EFINECONCS EFINTS ECCP ETC EAIRASECCASCID EINN ETRP EAIDNI EFQ ECOQKPKO EGPHUM EBUD ECONEINVEFINPGOVIZ ENERGY ELB EINDETRD EMI ECONEFIN EIB EURN ETRDEINVTINTCS EIN EFIM ETIO ELAINE EMN EATO EWTR EIPR EINVETC ETTD ETDR EIQ ECONCS EPPD ENRGIZ EISL ESPINOSA ELEC EAIG ESLCO EUREM ENTG ERD EINVECONSENVCSJA EEPET EUNCH ECINECONCS ETRO ETRDECONWTOCS ECUN EFND EPECO EAIRECONRP ERGR ETRDPGOV ECPN ENRGMO EPWR EET EAIS EAGRE EDUARDO EAGRRP EAIDPHUMPRELUG EICN ECONQH EVN EGHG ELBR EINF EAIDHO EENV ETEX ERNG ED
KMDR KPAO KPKO KJUS KCRM KGHG KFRD KWMN KDEM KTFN KHIV KGIC KIDE KSCA KNNP KHUM KIPR KSUM KISL KIRF KCOR KRCM KPAL KWBG KN KS KOMC KSEP KFLU KPWR KTIA KSEO KMPI KHLS KICC KSTH KMCA KVPR KPRM KE KU KZ KFLO KSAF KTIP KTEX KBCT KOCI KOLY KOR KAWC KACT KUNR KTDB KSTC KLIG KSKN KNN KCFE KCIP KGHA KHDP KPOW KUNC KDRL KV KPREL KCRS KPOL KRVC KRIM KGIT KWIR KT KIRC KOMO KRFD KUWAIT KG KFIN KSCI KTFIN KFTN KGOV KPRV KSAC KGIV KCRIM KPIR KSOC KBIO KW KGLB KMWN KPO KFSC KSEAO KSTCPL KSI KPRP KREC KFPC KUNH KCSA KMRS KNDP KR KICCPUR KPPAO KCSY KTBT KCIS KNEP KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KNNB KGCC KINR KPOP KMFO KENV KNAR KVIR KDRG KDMR KFCE KNAO KDEN KGCN KICA KIMMITT KMCC KLFU KMSG KSEC KUM KCUL KMNP KSMT KCOM KOMCSG KSPR KPMI KRAD KIND KCRP KAUST KWAWC KTER KCHG KRDP KPAS KITA KTSC KPAOPREL KWGB KIRP KJUST KMIG KLAB KTFR KSEI KSTT KAPO KSTS KLSO KWNN KPOA KHSA KNPP KPAONZ KBTS KWWW KY KJRE KPAOKMDRKE KCRCM KSCS KWMNCI KESO KWUN KPLS KIIP KEDEM KPAOY KRIF KGICKS KREF KTRD KFRDSOCIRO KTAO KJU KWMNPHUMPRELKPAOZW KEN KO KNEI KEMR KKIV KEAI KWAC KRCIM KWCI KFIU KWIC KCORR KOMS KNNO KPAI KBWG KTTB KTBD KTIALG KILS KFEM KTDM KESS KNUC KPA KOMCCO KCEM KRCS KWBGSY KNPPIS KNNPMNUC KWN KERG KLTN KALM KCCP KSUMPHUM KREL KGH KLIP KTLA KAWK KWMM KVRP KVRC KAID KSLG KDEMK KX KIF KNPR KCFC KFTFN KTFM KPDD KCERS KMOC KDEMAF KMEPI KEMS KDRM KEPREL KBTR KEDU KNP KIRL KNNR KMPT KISLPINR KTPN KA KJUSTH KPIN KDEV KTDD KAKA KFRP KWNM KTSD KINL KJUSKUNR KWWMN KECF KWBC KPRO KVBL KOM KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KEDM KFLD KLPM KRGY KNNF KICR KIFR KM KWMNCS KAWS KLAP KPAK KDDG KCGC KID KNSD KMPF KPFO KDP KCMR KRMS KNPT KNNNP KTIAPARM KDTB KNUP KPGOV KNAP KNNC KUK KSRE KREISLER KIVP KQ KTIAEUN KPALAOIS KRM KISLAO KWM KFLOA
PHUM PINR PTER PGOV PREL PREF PL PM PHSA PE PARM PINS PK PUNE PO PALESTINIAN PU PBTS PROP PTBS POL POLI PA PGOVZI POLMIL POLITICAL PARTIES POLM PD POLITICS POLICY PAS PMIL PINT PNAT PV PKO PPOL PERSONS PING PBIO PH PETR PARMS PRES PCON PETERS PRELBR PT PLAB PP PAK PDEM PKPA PSOCI PF PLO PTERM PJUS PSOE PELOSI PROPERTY PGOVPREL PARP PRL PNIR PHUMKPAL PG PREZ PGIC PBOV PAO PKK PROV PHSAK PHUMPREL PROTECTION PGOVBL PSI PRELPK PGOVENRG PUM PRELKPKO PATTY PSOC PRIVATIZATION PRELSP PGOVEAIDUKNOSWGMHUCANLLHFRSPITNZ PMIG PREC PAIGH PROG PSHA PARK PETER POG PHUS PPREL PS PTERPREL PRELPGOV POV PKPO PGOVECON POUS PGOVPRELPHUMPREFSMIGELABEAIDKCRMKWMN PWBG PMAR PREM PAR PNR PRELPGOVEAIDECONEINVBEXPSCULOIIPBTIO PARMIR PGOVGM PHUH PARTM PN PRE PTE PY POLUN PPEL PDOV PGOVSOCI PIRF PGOVPM PBST PRELEVU PGOR PBTSRU PRM PRELKPAOIZ PGVO PERL PGOC PAGR PMIN PHUMR PVIP PPD PGV PRAM PINL PKPAL PTERE PGOF PINO PHAS PODC PRHUM PHUMA PREO PPA PEPFAR PGO PRGOV PAC PRESL PORG PKFK PEPR PRELP PREFA PNG PGOVPHUMKPAO PRELECON PINOCHET PFOR PGOVLO PHUMBA PRELC PREK PHUME PHJM POLINT PGOVPZ PGOVKCRM PGOVE PHALANAGE PARTY PECON PEACE PROCESS PLN PRELSW PAHO PEDRO PRELA PASS PPAO PGPV PNUM PCUL PGGV PSA PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA PGIV PRFE POGOV PEL PBT PAMQ PINF PSEPC POSTS PHUMPGOV PVOV PHSAPREL PROLIFERATION PENA PRELTBIOBA PIN PRELL PGOVPTER PHAM PHYTRP PTEL PTERPGOV PHARM PROTESTS PRELAF PKBL PRELKPAO PKNP PARMP PHUML PFOV PERM PUOS PRELGOV PHUMPTER PARAGRAPH PERURENA PBTSEWWT PCI PETROL PINSO PINSCE PQL PEREZ PBS

Browse by classification

Community resources

courage is contagious

Viewing cable 06KHARTOUM2368, DARFUR - KALMA CAMP COMMUNITY SAFETY INITIATIVE

If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs

Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:
  • The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
  • The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
  • The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.
To understand the justification used for the classification of each cable, please use this WikiSource article as reference.

Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #06KHARTOUM2368.
Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06KHARTOUM2368 2006-09-26 10:42 2011-08-24 16:30 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Khartoum
VZCZCXRO0374
PP RUEHMA RUEHROV
DE RUEHKH #2368/01 2691042
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 261042Z SEP 06
FM AMEMBASSY KHARTOUM
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 4730
INFO RUCNFUR/DARFUR COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
RUEHRN/USMISSION UN ROME
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 KHARTOUM 002368 
 
SIPDIS 
 
AIDAC 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR AF/SPG, PRM, AND ALSO PASS USAID/W 
USAID FOR DCHA SUDAN TEAM, AFR/SP 
NAIROBI FOR USAID/DCHA/OFDA, USAID/REDSO, AND FAS 
GENEVA FOR NKYLOH 
NAIROBI FOR SFO 
NSC FOR JBRAUSE, NSC/AFRICA FOR TSHORTLEY 
USUN FOR TMALY 
BRUSSELS FOR PLERNER 
 
E.O. 12958:  N/A 
TAGS: EAID PREF PGOV PHUM SOCI SU AU
SUBJECT:  DARFUR - KALMA CAMP COMMUNITY SAFETY INITIATIVE 
 
REF:  A) KHARTOUM 1350, B) KHARTOUM 2165 
 
KHARTOUM 00002368  001.2 OF 002 
 
 
------------------- 
Summary and Comment 
------------------- 
 
1.  Since the signing of the Darfur Peace Agreement (DPA), 
insecurity has increased in and around Darfur's internally displaced 
persons (IDP) camps.  It seems that IDPs' confidence in the ability 
of the African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS) to fulfill its civilian 
protection mandate has decreased.  In response to the situation, UN 
Development Program (UNDP) is leading a multi-partner Community 
Safety Initiative (CSI) in Kalma camp, South Darfur.  The initiative 
focuses on safety inside the camp, which, if successful, will evolve 
into a community policing initiative.  End Summary. 
 
2.  USAID staff view this program as an innovative initiative 
designed to improve the relationship between AMIS, the Sudanese 
government police, and IDPs.  The initiative seeks to improve AMIS's 
efficacy, increase the accountability of the Sudanese government 
police, and empower IDPs.  Given the socially and politically 
sensitive operating environment in Kalma camp, it will be essential 
for all organizations involved in the program to address power 
dynamics and security in a nuanced fashion.  Maintaining a safe 
operating environment for both IDPs and humanitarian service 
providers while working to increase protection and safety for the 
nearly 90,000 IDPs living in Kalma camp will undoubtedly be an 
additional challenge. 
 
-------------------------------------------- 
Evolution of the Community Safety Initiative 
-------------------------------------------- 
 
3.  In late July 2006, the UN Office for the Coordination of 
Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), UN Children's Fund (UNICEF), UN Mission 
in Sudan (UNMIS), Sudanese government police, AMIS, non-governmental 
organizations (NGOs) operating in the camp, and IDPs established a 
community policing initiative taskforce.  The impetus for the 
taskforce was three-fold: 
 
A) To respond to a request from the Kalma camp IDP sheikhs committee 
for assistance with increasing safety in the camp and with 
disbanding IDP youth patrols; 
 
B) To implement an approach to camp safety not only with a "law 
enforcement" lens (one focusing merely on punishment of criminals), 
but also with a "law and order" lens (one focusing on strengthening 
the rule of law through a comprehensive and inclusive approach to 
community safety); and 
 
C) To assist AMIS to operationalize provisions in the DPA (articles 
26 and 27), which mandate the creation of community police in IDP 
camps located in Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF)-controlled areas. 
 
4.  The DPA stipulates that AMIS Civilian Police (CIVPOL), in 
coordination with Sudanese government police, is responsible for 
establishing, training, and building the capacity of community 
police.  Despite this stipulation, UNDP has suggested that community 
policing initiatives are more likely to be effective if de-linked 
from the DPA and instead linked to the IDPs' own concerns for the 
safety of their community.  UNDP suggested this nuanced approach 
because there is a strong anti-DPA sentiment in Kalma camp.  To 
support the initiative, UNDP has brought in a community safety 
consultant who has taken the lead in planning and implementation. 
(Comment:  USAID notes that this is appropriate, given the limited 
staff capacity of AMIS and strained relations between AMIS and IDPs. 
 End comment.) 
 
-------------------------- 
Overview of the Initiative 
-------------------------- 
 
5.  In July 2006, the CSI formed an inter-agency community safety 
advisory committee, a 200-person community safety assembly, a 
smaller steering committee, and a network of community orderlies, 
who are designated community members that monitor and report safety 
incidents.   Thirty community orderlies will be drawn from the 
community safety assembly and 50 from existing youth patrols.  At 
the same time, the initiative began a camp profiling exercise to map 
the camp demographics and specific areas of insecurity.  Finally, 
the project leaders consulted with key IDP groups, including the 
women's committee and youth patrols, to ensure representation, 
 
KHARTOUM 00002368  002.2 OF 002 
 
 
create buy-in, and obtain a snapshot of each sector of the camp. 
 
6.  UNDP has provided technical assistance and training to members 
of the community safety assembly and community orderlies, and 
conducted community safety education campaigns.  UNDP plans to 
conduct a train the trainers course for 25 members of the community 
safety assembly in human rights, communication, referral procedures, 
information management, gender-based violence, and policing command 
structures.  UNDP will fund the construction of a community safety 
information post within the camp.  The outpost will provide a 
central location for IDPs to obtain and exchange information, meet 
with AMIS CIVPOL, and refer victims and criminals to AMIS.  Where 
appropriate, AMIS will then liaise with the Sudanese government 
police on the cases.  The outpost will include a reporting area, 
waiting room, women's meeting space, community safety coordinator 
office, and safety information center.  The women's area will be 
staffed with female members of the community safety assembly, who 
will be trained to provide assistance to IDP women in the 
community. 
 
------------------------ 
Engaging Youth and Women 
------------------------ 
 
7.  To ensure provision of increased safety and protection for the 
nearly 90,000 IDPs in Kalma camp, the CSI will engage members of the 
youth patrols and female IDP leaders as key stakeholders in the 
initiative. 
 
8.  Historically, youth patrols have provided a defense against 
security threats, especially at night.  In 2005, sheikhs created the 
patrols.  In May 2006, the sheikhs further appealed to the youth 
patrols to assist with camp security in the aftermath of the death 
of an AMIS translator during the visit of Jan Egeland to the camp. 
More recently, interethnic violence between the Fur and Zaghawa 
groups in the camp has spurred a mobilization of the youth patrols 
formed along ethnic lines; reportedly the groups are now preventing 
other ethnic groups from entering the sectors that they control. 
 
9.  Though NGOs report that the patrols have increased IDP safety 
and diminished crime in the camp, they are concerned by ethnic 
divisions, use of inappropriate force, and detainment of 
perpetrators (Ref A).  In response, sheikhs and UNDP have taken the 
lead in integrating approximately 30 youth patrol members into the 
community safety assembly.  In addition, UNDP will provide training 
and mentoring to the remaining 50 youth patrol members, who will 
assume the role of community safety contacts. 
 
10.  In addition to the youth patrols, the initiative will engage 
women as safety providers.  USAID's Office of Transition Initiatives 
(USAID/OTI) will support the initiative by funding capacity-building 
and leadership training for members of the IDP women's committee to 
encourage better representation within the various fora. 
 
--------------- 
Recommendations 
--------------- 
 
11.  The current safety challenges in Kalma camp, the absence of a 
camp coordinating body, and the complex social, political and ethnic 
dynamics, forecast a difficult road ahead for the initiative.  USAID 
recommends the following actions related to this new initiative: 
 
-- Prior to the implementation of the initiative, AMIS should 
demonstrate a consistent and visible presence in Kalma camp in order 
to regain IDP trust; 
 
-- Initiative leaders should present tangible benefits of 
participation in the initiative to IDPs; 
 
-- Through strong UNDP leadership and mentoring, address the 
Fur/Zaghawa divisions and tensions in the camp, in particular those 
among the youth; and 
 
-- The initiative should develop a procedure through which AMIS can 
monitor Sudanese government police performance. 
 
HUME