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Viewing cable 06KINSHASA1095, KATANGA CHILD SOLDIER DEMOBILIZATION HARDER THAN

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06KINSHASA1095 2006-07-07 10:44 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Kinshasa
VZCZCXRO1772
PP RUEHDU RUEHGI RUEHJO RUEHMR
DE RUEHKI #1095 1881044
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 071044Z JUL 06
FM AMEMBASSY KINSHASA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 4333
INFO RUEHXR/RWANDA COLLECTIVE
RUCNSAD/SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHDC
RHEFDIA/DIA WASHDC
RHMFISS/HQ USEUCOM VAIHINGEN GE
RUFOADA/JAC MOLESWORTH RAF MOLESWORTH UK
UNCLAS KINSHASA 001095 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT FOR G/TIP 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PHUM PGOV KPKO CG
SUBJECT: KATANGA CHILD SOLDIER DEMOBILIZATION HARDER THAN 
IT LOOKS 
 
 
1.  (SBU)  Two thousand and six children associated with 
armed groups in Tanganyika district, Katanga have gone 
through the disarmament, demobilization, and reinsertion 
(DDR) program since February 2003.  According to the 
International Foundation for Education and Self-Help (IFESH) 
Kalemie office director  (Note:  In north Katanga, IFESH is 
the DDR focal point for children.  End note.), 1,499 of these 
children have been verified and/or certified by their agency; 
408 are supported in training activities, and 53 are 
supported in vocational education activities. 
 
2.  (SBU)  According to MONUC Kalemie's child protection 
officer, at least 1,500 children remain in Mai Mai militia 
groups.  In such cases, it is very difficult to get access to 
the child soldiers, she said, because often the entire family 
is part of the militia.  Separating out the child when there 
are no funds and no centers for separated children or orphans 
in the area makes little sense.  Many families and children, 
she added, come out of the bush themselves, i.e. they 
auto-demobilize without entering the official DDR program. 
In so doing, they receive none of the assistance or benefits 
provided by CONADER, have no access to education, and face 
the continued stigma of being associated with an armed group. 
 MONUC and local NGOs have great difficulty reaching these 
families, she said.  However, during the three and a half 
months it was open (septel), the Kalemie CONADER center 
received more than 120 children. 
 
3.  (SBU)  The IFESH director also listed several additional 
difficulties in demobilizing children related to armed 
groups.  First, the situation in certain parts of north and 
central Katanga is too dangerous for NGOs to carry out their 
work.  Second, fraud in the DDR process is rampant.  Third, 
children may be related or married to ex-combatants, making 
it difficult to verify whether they played a role in the 
military or were simply family members.  Only those 
associated with armed groups can benefit from the DDR 
program.  According to IFESH, the verification process is 
quite complex, and their NGO has refused some children for 
being either community children (not associated with armed 
groups) or for having been through the DDR program already. 
Finally, the lack of assistance to all children in vulnerable 
situations, not just children in armed groups, creates an 
unequal dynamic.  Although child soldiers may not have 
received an education, more than 50% of the children in 
Tanganyika province are not in school either. 
 
4.  (SBU)  Comment:  MONUC and NGO efforts to demobilize 
child soldiers in north Katanga illustrate just how difficult 
and entrenched such a problem can be.  Adult demobilization 
and child demobilization, especially with Congolese armed 
groups such as the Mai Mai, must function in concert. 
Furthermore, the problems that plague adult DDR programs also 
play out in child soldier programs (fraud, issues of fairness 
within the community, security).  Only with full integration 
of the FARDC and the disarmament and demobilization of all 
illegal armed groups will all children associated with them 
be guaranteed a normal life.  End comment. 
MEECE