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Viewing cable 06TOKYO3245, JAPANESE OFFICIALS WARN OF MEASLES OUTBREAK

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06TOKYO3245 2006-06-13 05:49 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Tokyo
VZCZCXRO6491
RR RUEHHM RUEHLN RUEHMA RUEHPB
DE RUEHKO #3245/01 1640549
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 130549Z JUN 06
FM AMEMBASSY TOKYO
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 3147
INFO RUEHZN/EST COLLECTIVE
RUEHFK/AMCONSUL FUKUOKA 6691
RUEHNAG/AMCONSUL NAGOYA 6610
RUEHNH/AMCONSUL NAHA 9303
RUEHOK/AMCONSUL OSAKA KOBE 9925
RUEHKSO/AMCONSUL SAPPORO 7834
RUEAUSA/DEPT OF HHS WASHINGTON DC
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 TOKYO 003245 
 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT FOR EAP/J, OES/IHA AND MED 
DEPT PASS TO WHITE HOUSE OSTP 
DEPT PASS TO NIH/NIAID WESTERN 
DEPT PASS TO CDC/NATIONAL CENTER FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES 
HHS FOR OGHA/BHAT AND ELVANDER 
 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: AMED TBIO SOCI JA
SUBJECT: JAPANESE OFFICIALS WARN OF MEASLES OUTBREAK 
 
 
TOKYO 00003245  001.2 OF 002 
 
 
1.  Summary.  On May 12, the Infectious Diseases 
Surveillance Center (IDSC) issued a warning that measles 
might spread across Japan.  According to the IDSC, group 
outbreaks have occurred in Ibaraki and Saitama prefectures 
since early April 2006.  In order to strengthen the 
countermeasures against measles and rubella, the Ministry 
of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) introduced a new 
vaccination system on April 1.  MHLW now recommends two 
vaccinations with a combined measles and rubella vaccine. 
The call for additional vaccinations and changes in MHLW's 
guidance are welcome, as vaccination is considered by many 
experts to be a very effective way to reduce the incidence 
of disease.  End summary. 
 
2.  On May 12, the Infectious Diseases Surveillance Center 
(IDSC) of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases 
(NIID) issued a warning to the public that the measles 
virus may spread throughout the Kanto region surrounding 
Tokyo and across the nation.  In Ibaraki Prefecture, 
several outbreaks of measles have occurred at elementary, 
junior high and high schools since early April.  As of May 
17, 88 people have been infected with the virus in the 
prefecture.  In neighboring Chiba, an additional 26 
individuals have contracted measles.  The IDSC recommended 
in its warning that unvaccinated individuals who have 
never been infected by the virus urgently receive 
vaccinations.  The Ibaraki and Chiba governments uploaded 
information on measles to their homepages and called for 
their citizens to receive the inoculations. 
 
3.  According to the ISDC, the number of individuals 
infected with measles has been decreasing in Japan, but 
the center estimates that the nation still has 100,000- 
200,000 cases per year.  Researchers at the Kitasato 
Institute for Life and Sciences report that the actual 
number of measles infections in Japan can be anywhere up 
to 300,000 annual cases.  (Note: For comparison, according 
to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, a total of 261 
cases of measles were reported in the United States 
between 2001-2003, with a historical low of 37 reported 
cases in 2004.  End note.)  The national vaccination rate 
in Japan was 81.1 percent in JFY 2000, but the rate for 
one-year-old children between 12 months and 24 months of 
age was still only at 50 percent in JFY 2001. 
 
4.  In order to strengthen the countermeasures against 
measles and rubella, the Ministry of Health, Labor and 
Welfare (MHLW) introduced a new vaccination system on 
April 1.  MHLW now recommends two vaccinations of the 
measles and rubella vaccine.  The first vaccination should 
be given to children between 12 and 24 months of age, and 
the second one should be given to children between five 
and seven years old.  Prior to the change, the Japanese 
health ministry recommended that children between 12 and 
less than 90 months of age should have one vaccination 
each for measles and rubella.  The new guidelines on MR 
vaccination were enacted based on an amendment of the 
national law on vaccination that took effect in 2005. 
Japan previously used a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) 
vaccine for vaccinations conducted through 1993, however 
health authorities stopped using the combined vaccine due 
to an increase in aseptic meningitis cases attributed to a 
strain of the mumps virus used in the immunization. 
 
5. Comment: The CDC reports that all of the recent cases 
of the measles in the U.S. -- particularly since 2000 -- 
are the result of importations, as the disease is no 
longer considered to be endemic in the United States. 
These are cases where the measles are imported by 
Americans and foreign nationals infected by the virus 
overseas.  The largest number of imported cases reported 
between 2001 and 2003 were traced back to China and Japan. 
China continued to be a leading source of imported cases 
in 2004 (13 cases), though that same year none were 
reported as having originated in Japan.  The call for 
additional vaccinations and changes in MHLW's guidance are 
welcome, as vaccination is considered by many experts to 
be a very effective way to reduce the incidence of 
disease. 
 
TOKYO 00003245  002.2 OF 002 
 
 
 
SCHIEFFER