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Viewing cable 06NAIROBI1283, ADDITIONAL KENYA REPLY ON SHARING OF GENETIC

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06NAIROBI1283 2006-03-21 13:49 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Nairobi
This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 NAIROBI 001283 
 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT FOR AF/E, AF/EPS, AND OES/ETC 
 
E.O. 12958:  N/A 
TAGS: SENV ETRD TBIO KE
SUBJECT:  ADDITIONAL KENYA REPLY ON SHARING OF GENETIC 
RESOURCES 
 
REF:  A. STATE 36337, B. NAIROBI 1174 
 
1.  SUMMARY:  Following the delivery of Ref A talking 
points last week, Econoff met with Kenyan trade officials 
and heard additional details of Kenya's strong support for 
a binding, negotiated protocol on access and benefit 
sharing of genetic resources (ABS).  Kenya believes that a 
new protocol is needed to ensure that source and/or origin 
countries benefit from full disclosure and adequate 
compensation for the exploitation of its natural resources. 
Kenya does not have the internal capacity to ensure these 
benefits.  For Kenya, this is a much-publicized issue and 
the government feels it needs to be proactive in pursing an 
ABS agreement.  Post believes we will be hard-pressed to 
alter Kenya's position on this issue, especially since the 
U.S. is not a party to the Convention on Biological 
Diversity.  END SUMMARY. 
 
2.  On March 21, Econoff met with Elijah Manyara, Director, 
Department of External Trade, Ministry of Trade and 
Industry, Mr. Mboi E. Misati, Senior Patent Examiner, Kenya 
Industrial Property Institute (KIPI), and Mr. Mwasi 
Mashengu, also of KIPI, to discuss further the Ref A points 
on access and benefit sharing of genetic resources (ABS). 
[Note:  KIPI is an agency of the Ministry of Trade and 
Industry.  End Note.]  Misati is one of the members of 
Kenya's interagency "task force" (committee) noted in Ref B 
dealing with the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). 
 
3.  In short, Misati stated that Kenya does not agree with 
U.S. concerns on the proposed negotiations on ABS aspects 
of the CBD.  Rather, Kenya feels it needs help in assuring 
control over access to its genetic resources and that the 
country derives proper benefit from the exploitation of 
those resources.  Kenya feels a protocol under the CBD is 
the proper approach.  Misati went so far as to assert that 
the WTO/TRIPS agreement should be modified to recognize 
requirements for certification of the source and possibly 
the origin of genetic material in patent applications. 
Noting that the U.S. has not yet ratified the CBD, Misati 
asked what the U.S. interest was in this issue, other than 
facilitating easy access to genetic material for U.S. 
researchers and companies. 
 
4.  While Manyara and Misati acknowledged the U.S. concern 
that a binding protocol could inhibit international 
partnerships for the legitimate exploitation of genetic 
material, they explained that Kenya expects such a protocol 
to be of great assistance in helping the local "custodians" 
derive appropriate benefit from such partnerships.  They 
noted that "many" Kenyan genetic resources had been 
commercialized without disclosing their origins and without 
any compensation to the country or the local communities 
that provided the material.  He stated that "Kenyan law and 
regulations are not enough to compel disclosure because 
most local `custodians' are not aware of patent or 
commercial implications."  Manyara added that Kenya was not 
interested in pursuing "big" financial returns from its 
genetic resources, but that it was important formal 
mechanisms in place to provide "some small" returns to the 
local communities.  This was important to promote 
conservation efforts at the local level, according to 
Manyara. 
 
5.  When Econoff asked why a new international, potentially 
burdensome protocol was needed to achieve these goals, 
Misati replied that Kenya believed such an agreement would 
compel disclosure in a way that Kenyan authorities are not 
able to match due to lack of technical, financial, and 
staffing resources.  When asked about using the Bonn 
Guidelines to provide effective regulations for ABS, Misati 
agreed that they were useful, and that the CBD task force 
would soon promulgate such guidelines.  He added that this 
effort did not, however, detract from the need for an ABS 
protocol.  Manyara added that in the past year a number of 
cases of "biopiracy" have been publicized and highlighted 
by activist NGOs, and the government felt it was "on the 
spot" to take the lead on this issue.  As an example of the 
"public interest" in this issue, Misati mentioned a case 
from 2002 whereby "genetic material" from poor people 
living in Nairobi's Kibera slum was commercialized into a 
profitable human vaccine without disclosure or 
compensation.  [Note: Misati was vague on additional 
details of this case.  End note.] 
 
6.  COMMENT:  It is unlikely that Kenya will move much in 
our direction on this issue.  Alleged instances of 
"biopiracy" or uncompensated exploitation of Kenyan 
resources resonates with both the government and the 
public.  Post is not convinced this is an issue that should 
rise to the top of our agenda with Kenya.  Given that the 
U.S. is not a party to the CBD, Post suggest a more 
productive approach might be to work with like-minded 
countries to present similar cases to Kenya and other 
proponents of a binding international protocol.  END 
COMMENT. 
 
BELLAMY