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Viewing cable 06MEXICO1277, ALL CANDIDATES LOOKING TO SPEND ON INFRASTRUCTURE

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06MEXICO1277 2006-03-08 15:20 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Mexico
VZCZCXRO2347
RR RUEHCD RUEHGD RUEHHO RUEHMC RUEHNG RUEHNL RUEHRD RUEHRS RUEHTM
DE RUEHME #1277/01 0671520
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 081520Z MAR 06
FM AMEMBASSY MEXICO
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 9520
INFO RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHDC
RUCPDOC/DEPT OF COMMERCE WASHDC
RUEHXC/ALL US CONSULATES IN MEXICO COLLECTIVE
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 MEXICO 001277 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR WHA/MEX, WHA/EPSC 
STATE PASS USAID FOR LAC:MARK CARRATO 
TREASURY FOR IA MEXICO DESK: JASPER HOEK 
COMMERCE FOR ITA/MAC/NAFTA: ANDREW RUDMAN 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: ECON EFIN EINV PGOV PINR MX
 
SUBJECT: ALL CANDIDATES LOOKING TO SPEND ON INFRASTRUCTURE 
 
REF: MEXICO 1124 
MEXICO 953 
MEXICO 806 
MEXICO 680 
MEXICO 503 
MEXICO 351 
 
------- 
SUMMARY 
------- 
 
1. (SBU) Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador (AMLO), Felipe Calderon 
and Roberto Madrazo have at least one shared plan: increase 
investment in infrastructure as the catalyst to spur 
economic growth, generate employment, improve 
competitiveness, and promote regional development.  Funding 
their plans will be costly.  Calderon foresees tapping 
pension funds for financing, AMLO proposes providing 
incentives (the details of which are unclear) to investors 
interested in highways, ports, and airports.  Madrazo will 
promote infrastructure projects through synergies among the 
public and private sectors.  To free public funds for 
infrastructure and other plans, the candidates will need to 
reign in growing pension liabilities. To do so, each will 
have to take on the unions.  Only Calderon has publicly said 
as much.  End summary. 
 
--------------------------------------- 
PENSION FUNDS TO FINANCE INFRASTRUCTURE 
--------------------------------------- 
 
2. (SBU) This cable is part of our continuing series 
(reftels) on the three main presidential candidates' 
economic proposals as presented on the campaign trail.  The 
candidates' economic proposals all include investment in 
infrastructure as a key ingredient for improved economic 
growth.  The candidates are beginning to provide more 
details on how the plan to fund this investment.  National 
Action Party (PAN) candidate Felipe Calderon proposes 
financing infrastructure spending through the issuance of 
long-term bonds that he hopes to sell to pension funds. 
Given swelling pension fund balances, this proposal is seen 
as feasible.  However, some critics suggest the government 
seek private partners in order to share risks.  In addition 
to greater borrowing, Calderon has proposed broad fiscal 
reform to rasie government revenues to pay for increases in 
infrastructure investments.  Another Calderon proposal sees 
amending the NadBank (North American Development Bank) 
agreement between the U.S. and Mexico to allow for financing 
of projects outside the border area. 
 
--------------------------------------------- 
PAY FOR INFRASTRUCTURE BY CUTTING BUREAUCRACY 
--------------------------------------------- 
 
3. (SBU) Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador (AMLO), of the Party of 
the Democratic Revolution (PRD), plans to spur economic 
growth and employment growth through infrastructure and 
housing projects.  He plans to pay for these projects 
largely by reducing the costs and structure of the federal 
bureaucracy, and by providing unspecified incentives for 
private investments.  As head of the Mexico City government, 
AMLO provided a variety of tax incentives for private 
investments.  If he provides similar incentives at the 
federal level, he would have to find offsetting means of 
raising government revenues.  One of AMLO's promises is to 
fight tax evasion and improve tax collection to increase 
government income. 
 
------------------------------------- 
AMLO'S ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS 
------------------------------------- 
 
4. (SBU) Among AMLO's grand infrastructure projects are two 
major refineries to be built to replace imported gasoline 
with domestic production.  Given that AMLO doesn't favor 
private investment in the energy sector, AMLO has three 
options to finance these projects.  He could either reduce 
spending on other government programs (security, education, 
health, etc.); he could divert Pemex resources away from 
exploration and production, or he could borrow more money. 
Thus far, AMLO has suggested these projects could be 
financed using the savings from cutting government 
bureaucracy. 
 
MEXICO 00001277  002 OF 002 
 
 
 
5. (SBU) Any future president will also face billions of 
dollars in needed infrastructure in the electricity sector. 
If AMLO forbids private investment in the sector, the 
government will have to bear those costs, which, in 
electricity generation at least, have largely been borne by 
the private sector in the last decade. 
 
---------------------------- 
MADRAZO PROPOSES "SYNERGIES" 
---------------------------- 
 
6. (SBU) Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) candidate 
Roberto Madrazo proposes amending regulations to allow for 
better coordination between federal, state, and municipal 
government efforts in infrastructure planning and financing. 
Madrazo's vague proposal includes a strategy to link 
economic and industrial policies with urban development 
policies.  Madrazo believes these efforts would yield 
"synergies" between the public and private sectors.  For 
less developed states, Madrazo proposes using public 
resources, and for states with higher income per capita, as 
Calderon, he proposes the continuation of Fox's service 
provision schemes (PPS), which combine public and private 
resources.  The government's main role in infrastructure 
projects would be as a regulator and its participation will 
be restricted to larger, high-impact projects.  For 
infrastructure in the energy sector, Madrazo will continue 
using the current borrowing mechanisms, which many believe 
have reached their limits. 
 
-------------------------------- 
UNIONS AND GROWING PENSION COSTS 
-------------------------------- 
 
7. (SBU) Analysts agree that all the candidates' proposals 
are feasible, some more so than others.  One funding 
constraint all candidates will face is the growing burden of 
unfunded pension liabilities, which each year squeeze public 
sector budgets more and more.  To prevent public sector 
budgets from being overwhelmed by pension costs, any future 
president will have to confront the unions, which have and 
will continue to bitterly oppose any pension reform.  AMLO's 
chief economic advisor, Rogelio Ramirez de la O, has made it 
clear that AMLO is aware of the need to confront the unions. 
Calderon himself has promised to diminish the power of 
unions.  Madrazo, on the other hand, has not addressed the 
union problem as they are largely PRI creations and long- 
time PRI supporters. 
 
------- 
COMMENT 
------- 
 
8. (SBU) Campaign promises around the world always meet 
budgetary realities once candidates reach office.  The 
candidates should be applauded for at least beginning to 
address the funding needs of their grand infrastructure 
proposals, which are key to their economic plans.  They will 
not be able to escape the need to reign in pension costs if 
they want to move forward on their spending plans.  But even 
if pension cost pressures moderate, the sheer costs of 
massive transportation and energy infrastructure costs 
cannot simply be met by either more borrowing or by cutting 
government waste.  An encouraging fact is that the private 
sector will have to play a role.  End Comment. 
GARZA