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Viewing cable 06GENEVA597, 36TH UNHCR STANDING COMMITTEE: AFRICA DISCUSSIONS

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06GENEVA597 2006-03-16 13:07 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED US Mission Geneva
VZCZCXYZ0033
RR RUEHWEB

DE RUEHGV #0597/01 0751307
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 161307Z MAR 06
FM USMISSION GENEVA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 8837
INFO RUEHAB/AMEMBASSY ABIDJAN 0255
RUEHDS/AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA 0827
RUEHJB/AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA 0486
RUEHRY/AMEMBASSY CONAKRY 0138
RUEHDR/AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM 0396
RUEHFN/AMEMBASSY FREETOWN 0229
RUEHKM/AMEMBASSY KAMPALA 1190
RUEHLGB/AMEMBASSY KIGALI 0433
RUEHKI/AMEMBASSY KINSHASA 0610
RUEHLS/AMEMBASSY LUSAKA 0269
RUEHMV/AMEMBASSY MONROVIA 0290
RUEHNJ/AMEMBASSY NDJAMENA 0206
RUEHOU/AMEMBASSY OUAGADOUGOU 0118
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK 1223
RUEHBS/USEU BRUSSELS BE
UNCLAS GENEVA 000597 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPARTMENT FOR PRM, EMBASSIES FOR REFUGEE OFFICERS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PHUM PREF PREL SMIG XA
SUBJECT: 36TH UNHCR STANDING COMMITTEE: AFRICA DISCUSSIONS 
 
REF: A. SECSTATE 36380 
 
     B. SECSTATE 36528 
     C. GENEVA 555 
     D. GENEVA 556 
     E. GENEVA 557 
     F. GENEVA 582 
 
1.  (U) Summary:  Africa Bureau Director Marjon Kamara and 
Director of Operations for the Sudan Situation Jean-Marie 
Fakhouri addressed participants in the 36th Meeting of the 
Standing Committee (SC) of the United Nations High 
Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) on March 8.  Both 
highlighted the difficulties posed by projected severe 
funding shortfalls this years, and noted the critical 
relationship between security conditions and delivery of 
humanitarian services. Each highlighted prospects for 
significant repatriation in 2006 but cautioned that 
development actors must engage sooner and more effectively in 
return areas.  The African Union representative reported that 
Burkina Faso will host a June 1-2 Ministerial meeting on 
"Protection and Assistance for the Forcibly Displaced in 
Africa."  End summary. 
 
Sub-Saharan Africa 
- - - - - - - - - 
 
2.  (U) Africa Bureau Director Marjon Kamara noted that 
severe funding shortages were among the challenges her Bureau 
and field missions face in 2006.  She expressed determination 
to continue four major repatriation operations which are 
currently underway:  Liberia, Burundi, Sudan and the 
Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC); however, she added the 
caveat that the success of each will depend on continued 
peace in return areas and predictable resources for UNHCR and 
its partners.  In Burundi, drought and food shortages have 
cut into the volume of repatriation from Tanzania and 
resulted in some backflow of returnees to their former 
country of asylum.  As a further complication, she noted that 
drought and food shortages in Rwanda have caused the movement 
of some 20,000 Rwandans into Burundi; although the asylum 
seekers among them are being screened, few have been found to 
be in need of international protection. 
 
3.  (U) Repatriation to DRC got underway in 2005 following a 
number of historic milestones.  The movement continues, with 
12,000 returnees thus far in 2006, even though UNHCR has not 
yet received any donor responses in support of its 
supplemental budget request.  In addition, security must 
improve in Katanga provinces and the Kivus if repatriation is 
to continue at a robust pace.  UNHCR will capitalize on the 
dry season in Liberia to accelerate returns, and is also 
scaling back its care and maintenance programs in Guinea and 
Sierra Leone.  The Angola repatriation operation is being 
resumed in order to assist populations who did not decide to 
return before the program concluded in 2005. 
 
4.  (U) Kamara referred to the ongoing gap between 
humanitarian and development programs, and called for better 
coordination, especially in areas of return.  She said that 
UNDP was actively engaging in Burundi, Liberia, Uganda, DRC 
and southern Sudan, and that the African Union was also 
increasing its focus on post-conflict needs and 
opportunities. Along with repatriation, UNHCR continues to 
actively pursue resettlement as a durable solution for 
appropriate cases and groups, and also continues to work 
toward self-reliance strategies when and where possible. 
Although rates of SGBV and malnutrition often decrease in 
response to self reliance programs, the latter are likely to 
be among the programs which are cut back because of this 
year's funding shortfalls. 
 
5.  (U) In pilot countries where UNHCR has the lead in the 
IDP cluster approach, UNHCR has had to start the year with 
"temporary and reimbursable" allocations of funds.  Thus far, 
UNHCR has only received direct donor support for its IDP 
budget in Liberia. 
 
Sudan and Chad 
- - - - - - - 
 
6.  (U) Jean-Marie Fakhouri, Director of Operations for the 
Sudan Situation, recalled that last year at this time he had 
been very hopeful about Sudan's Darfur Province and satisfied 
that UNHCR and its partners had succeeded in stabilizing the 
refugee population in eastern Chad.  However, in the 
intervening year, UNHCR had lost ground in Darfur and the 
conflict has spilled over into Chad.  Ironically, some 
Chadians recently fled to Darfur for safety, while rape and 
forced recruitment is occurring in Darfur's IDP camps as well 
as the countryside. He cited recent estimates that 3.6 
million people in Darfur have lost their capacity for self 
reliance and the region is now totally dependent on WFP food 
pipelines, which will run dry this month.  Although UNHCR's 
SB for Darfur initially requested $33 million, Fakhouri 
projected implementation capacity at $18.5 million because of 
security-driven restrictions on movement of staff. 
 
7. (U) Although the food pipeline in Chad is well-resourced 
through October, Chadian rebels have undermined the civilian 
nature of some camps, using them for rest and recuperation 
points as well as recruitment of fighters.  In addition, 
UNHCR assessments indicate that 47,000 refugees from the 
Central African Republic (C.A.R.) are now in southern Chad. 
"They are hard to reach and it will be expensive" to assist 
them. 
 
8.  (U) Fakhouri reported that, although donors pledged $4.5 
billion (sic) in Oslo in 2004, little money has reached the 
region to date. There is "not a gap but a gulf" between 
humanitarian and development efforts in the south. Despite 
the lack of infrastructure and development, pressure for 
return by refugees in neighboring countries is strong.  UNHCR 
has established 10 offices in southern Sudan and has signed 
tripartite agreements with four neighboring states.  Fakhouri 
acknowledged that it will be difficult for UNHCR to achieve 
its goal of 58,000 returns by the end of May, and cautioned 
that returns can cause new conflict if badly done.  He 
emphasized the need for "robust attention" to the provisions 
of the peace agreement, and concluded by noting that the Vice 
President of Southern Sudan has asked UNHCR to assist with 
the return of IDPs currently in the north. 
 
Delegation remarks 
- - - - - - - - - 
 
9.  (U)   The chair did not open the floor for delegation 
comments and questions until both Kamara and Fakhouri had 
spoken.  Among comments from African states, the following 
were of note: 
Ethiopia: 
-- asserted that UNHCR budget cuts have damaged operations 
there; 
-- reported that repatriation of Sudanese refugees from 
Ethiopia will commence this month. Uganda: 
-- appreciated the High Commissioner's two visits in the 
short time since taking office; 
-- emphasized its efforts to stop rebel activities in 
northern Uganda. 
DRC: 
-- was encouraged by the joint mission of UNHCR, UNICEF and 
WFP top leaders last month; 
-- welcomed international willingness to contribute to its 
recovery. 
Sudan: 
-- stressed great resource needs in eastern Sudan, speaking 
for the allotted five minutes but not addressing issues 
raised by Fakhouri about security in western Sudan. 
Kenya: 
-- observed that conflict resolution is the prelude to 
repatriation; 
-- noted that, despite progress, massive outflows still occur 
in parts of Africa. 
The African Union: 
-- stated that it will hold a June 1 and 2 Ministerial 
Meeting in Burkina Faso on "Protection and Assistance for the 
Forcibly Displaced in Africa;" 
-- advised that the ministerial was intended to mobilize 
public opinion for protection, identify gaps, formulate 
strategies, review past progress and difficulties, and build 
a legal framework for addressing IDP populations; 
-- lamented the devastating effect of budget cuts and called 
for a roundtable on resource mobilization for food, water and 
health programs. 
 
10.  (U) Donor statements tended to focus on UNHCR's need to 
do a better job with the resources available and to keep 
donors fully informed. Using points provided in Ref A, the US 
delegation: 
--  expressed grave concern about the impact of budget 
shortfalls on UNHCR programs in Africa; 
--  urged traditional and non-traditional donors to make an 
exceptional effort to support UNHCR programs there; 
-- expressed deep concern about WFP resources for refugees, 
particularly in light of droughts in east and southern 
Africa, and urged donor support; 
-- expressed interest in the IDP cluster lead approach and 
noted that the USG is working to come up with additional 
resources to support these efforts; 
--  conveyed appreciation to the Government of Tanzania for 
its long-standing hospitality to Burundi refugees; 
-- urged continued patience and hospitality as drought, 
continued insecurity in some regions, and lack of 
infrastructure are contributing to a slow down of 
repatriation; 
-- noted the USG has contributed $5.6 million to UNHCR for 
its 2006 program in Burundi, and expressed appreciation to 
UNHCR for the excellent job it did of bringing donors and 
partners together in the recent Country Operation Plan (COP) 
exercise; 
-- noted the return of thousands of refugees to the DRC and 
USG intent to do our best to support UNHCR's supplementary 
appeal for Congolese repatriation this year; 
-  commended UNHCR for its close coordination with and strong 
support of its implementing partners on refugee return and 
reintegration activities in Liberia; 
-- expressed support for UNHCR's continued efforts to provide 
assistance to refugees in Cote d'Ivoire given on-going 
insecurity and UNHCR facility losses during January attacks; 
-- welcomed the promotional phase of the Liberian 
repatriation process and urged concerted mass information 
campaign activities to accelerate returns during the dry 
season; 
-- acknowledged the efforts made by UNHCR under challenging 
conditions in eastern Chad to meet the needs of refugees; 
-- urged UNHCR to redouble its efforts to relocate refugees 
from Oure Cassoni and Am Nabak camps in eastern Chad; 
-- applauded UNHCR's efforts to assist displaced Sudanese in 
Darfur and noted that, although skeptical at first, the USG 
believes that UNHCR has proven a valuable asset to protection 
and relief operations there; 
-- noted UNHCR's report of new Chadian refugees and asked for 
additional information on this situation; 
-- acknowledged progress in obtaining signatures on 
tripartite agreements for southern Sudan repatriation,. 
-- noted that the USG contributed $18 million to UNHCR's 
Sudan repatriation appeal in 2005, and planned to provide 
support again in 2006; 
-- encouraged other donors to contribute to UNHCR's 
supplementary appeal in support of durable reintegration for 
those ready to return to southern Sudan this year. 
Moley