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Viewing cable 06BRASILIA579, BRAZIL - TREASURY A/S O'BRIEN MEETINGS ON MONEY
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| Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 06BRASILIA579 | 2006-03-22 19:33 | 2011-07-11 00:00 | CONFIDENTIAL | Embassy Brasilia |
VZCZCXRO8469
PP RUEHRG
DE RUEHBR #0579/01 0811933
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
P 221933Z MAR 06
FM AMEMBASSY BRASILIA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 4889
RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHINGTON DC PRIORITY
INFO RUEHRG/AMCONSUL RECIFE 4497
RUEHSO/AMCONSUL SAO PAULO 6604
RUEHRI/AMCONSUL RIO DE JANEIRO 1741
RUEHBU/AMEMBASSY BUENOS AIRES 3872
RUEHAC/AMEMBASSY ASUNCION 5294
RUEHMN/AMEMBASSY MONTEVIDEO 6120
RUEHLP/AMEMBASSY LA PAZ 4436
RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS 3157
RUEHBO/AMEMBASSY BOGOTA 3643
RUEHPE/AMEMBASSY LIMA 2886
RUEHME/AMEMBASSY MEXICO 1939
RUEAHLC/DHS WASHDC
RHEHNSC/NSC WASHDC
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 05 BRASILIA 000579
SIPDIS
SIPDIS
STATE FOR S/CT - NOYES
STATE FOR WHA - D. MCCARTHY/C.CROFT
STATE FOR INL - RINDLER
TREASURY FOR TFI - O'BRIEN, MEDINA
DHS FOR ICE - D.THOMPSON
TREASURY FOR FINCEN - SHOWELL
E.O. 12958: DECL:03/09/2016
TAGS: KTFN EFIN PTER SNAR ETTC PREL BR
SUBJECT: BRAZIL - TREASURY A/S O'BRIEN MEETINGS ON MONEY
LAUNDERING, TERROR FINANCE
REF: BRASILIA 0410
Classified by Deputy Econ Counselor Andrew Plowman based upon
Reasons 1.5(B) and (D).
¶1. (C) Summary: GoB interlocutors told Treasury A/S O'Brien
during Brasilia meetings March 6 and 7 that the GoB has no
evidence of terror cells or terrorist financiers operating in
the Brazil-Paraguay-Argentina Tri-border Area (TBA). Ministry
of Foreign Affairs Transnational Crimes Coordinator Marcos Pinta
Gama expressed frustration that while USG officials have been
making public statements about such activities taking place in
the TBA, the USG is not sharing such information with the GoB.
O'Brien responded that the USG remains concerned that the region
is uniquely vulnerable to abuse as a source of financing for
groups with links to terrorist organizations, citing the example
of Ahmad Barakat, whom the USG had designated a terror
financier. The GoB is drafting counter terrorism legislation
that would criminalize terror financing and expects to create,
via decree, a high-level counter-terrorism coordination group,
most likely in the Institutional Security Cabinet (GSI). It is
also moving to refine its anti-money laundering regime through
legislation, currently in draft, that would implement the
Financial Action Task Force (FATF) recommendation on
politically-exposed persons and give the GoB administrative
authority to freeze transactions. Several opportunities for
cooperation were highlighted, including the GoB's plans to
overhaul its law enforcement and prosecutorial training
programs. GoB interlocutors welcomed progress on establishing a
Trade Transparency Unit and asked for assistance on how to
manage and dispose of seized assets. End Summary.
¶2. (C) Background: a Treasury and DHS delegation, led by
Assistant Secretary for Terrorism Finance and Financial Crimes
Patrick O'Brien held meetings with senior GoB counterparts March
6 to 7 in Brasilia. The U.S. delegation included Treasury
policy analyst Cynthia Medina, Public Affairs Officer Molly
Millerwise, FINCEN regional analyst Jennifer Showell and David
Thompson, Chief of the Money Laundering Coordination Center at
the Department of Homeland Security Immigration and Customs
Enforcement Bureau (DHS-ICE). The delegation met with: Ministry
of Foreign Relations Coordinator for the Combat Against Illicit
Transnational Activities Marcos Pinta Gama; Gustavo Rodrigues,
President of the Council for the Control of Financial Activities
(COAF - Brazil's financial intelligence unit); Superior Criminal
Court Justice Gilson Dipp; Deputy Director of the Institutional
Security Cabinet, General Wellington Fonseca and Intelligence
Agency (ABIN) Intelligence Department Director Carlos Calvano;
Ministry of Justice Department Head for International
Cooperation and Asset Seizure Antenor Madruga; Receita Federal
(IRS-equivalent) Assistant Secretary Cardoso and Customs Service
Director Medina; and, Central Bank Department Head for the
Combat of Illicit Financial Activities Ricardo Liao. O'Brien
also held a press roundtable on March 7.
Draft Terrorism Legislation
---------------------------
¶3. (C) COAF President Rodrigues acknowledged to A/S O'Brien
during their March 6 meeting that, even though Brazil had now
ratified the UN convention on the suppression of terrorist
financing, it still had the most to do in the area of terror
financing in order to bring its legal framework up to
international standards. The GoB had developed a policy paper
on the issue, he said, which the Institutional Security Cabinet
(GSI -- an office combining functions of the NSC and DNI, which
reports directly to the President) was using as the basis for
drafting a law that would define terrorism and its financing as
criminal acts for domestic legal purposes. Superior Criminal
Court Justice Gilson Dipp clarified separately that, were a
BRASILIA 00000579 002 OF 005
terrorist act or terrorist financing to take place on Brazilian
soil before a new terrorism law is passed by Congress, Brazilian
judges could theoretically apply the UN terrorism conventions,
since they now carry the force of law in Brazil. There is,
however, little direct precedent for this option.
¶4. (C) Another alternative, Justice Dipp said, would be to apply
the 1983 national security law, which defines several types of
acts as terrorism. He admitted that applying the 1983 law,
which dates back to the military dictatorship and pre-dates the
1988 constitution, might prove legally complex and politically
unpalatable to some. GSI Deputy Director General Wellington
told O'Brien that the Institutional Security Cabinet was
considering a parallel measure to establish a high-level
coordination council to deal with counter-terrorism policy and
coordinate response to terrorist acts. The unit likely would be
located in the GSI, although placing it in the intelligence
agency (ABIN) was another possibility. The GoB hoped to
establish the group well in advance of the 2007 Rio de Janeiro
Pan American Games, so that it could participate in security
planning for the games, Wellington said.
Trade Transparency Unit
-----------------------
¶5. (SBU) O'Brien and David Thompson of DHS-ICE described for all
their Brazilian interlocutors the advanced status of planning
for the establishment of a U.S.-Brazil Trade Transparency Unit
(TTU), initial set-up of which may begin within two weeks.
Thompson noted that the preliminary data exchanges already had
produced several leads for investigation by both sides and
expressed confidence in the value of the unit for both parties.
GoB interlocutors, particularly Receita Federal's Cardoso and
Customs Director Medina, welcomed the progress on the TTU.
Tri-Border Area -- Please Share Your Information
--------------------------------------------- ---
¶6. (C) GSI Deputy Director General Wellington, ABIN Intelligence
Director Calvano, MRE Transnational Crimes Coordinator Pinta
Gama and COAF President separately delivered to O'Brien the same
talking point on the TBA: although the GoB has significant
police, customs and intelligence assets in the TBA, it has found
no evidence of operational terrorist cells or even of terror
financing in the region. Wellington acknowledged that while
there is undoubtedly a flow of remittances from Brazil to
Lebanon, the GoB has not been able to find evidence that these
go to support terrorism. O'Brien responded that the USG remains
concerned that the region is uniquely vulnerable to abuse as a
source of financing for groups with links to terrorist
organizations, citing the example of Ahmad Barakat, whom the USG
had designated a terror financier. And while the GoB might not
see an operational terrorist threat in that region, terror is
now a global issue and all countries must act accordingly,
O'Brien argued. In that context, he commended the GoB
ratification of the UN terrorism financing convention and urged
the government to continue its review of Brazil's
counter-terrorism legal framework.
¶7. (C) Pinta Gama acknowledged that the TBA is vulnerable to
transnational crime of various sorts. There is political will
to address these issues, he affirmed, pointing to enhanced
enforcement of border controls by Brazilian Customs and police
officials and Brazil's increased enforcement of anti-IPR piracy
laws. The GoB also actively had participated in the
multilateral 3 plus 1 framework, Pinta Gama noted, and felt that
this year would be crucial for the GoB's assessment of the
future of that mechanism. Pinta Gama expressed frustration that
senior USG officials continue to make public statements about
the presence of terrorists and terrorist financing in the TBA,
BRASILIA 00000579 003 OF 005
but that despite the existence of this coordinating mechanism
and useful bilateral channels the USG does not share detailed
information on these persons. The GoB, Pinta Gama said, did not
want this to "jeopardize" what was otherwise a very useful
dialogue and coordination mechanism. (Comment: Although we're
used to hearing this GoB complaint, Pinta Gama's language was
qualitatively stronger than during previous iterations, albeit
delivered with diplomatic polish. End Comment.)
¶8. (C) ABIN's Calvano stated that the TBA regional intelligence
center is close to being up and running, but some details remain
to be ironed out with Paraguay and Argentina (comment: in other
words, whether Paraguayan and Argentine officials will staff the
center at all). Wellington noted the idea for the TBA center is
based on a successful (NAS-funded) regional intelligence center
in the Amazon city of Tabatinga, where Colombia, Brazil and
Peruvian borders meet. The GoB, he said, also is considering
establishing a similar center on the Bolivian border since it
expects reduced coca eradication under the Evo Morales
Presidency.
Opportunities for Cooperation
-----------------------------
¶9. (SBU) MOJ International Cooperation Director Madruga
explained to O'Brien that the GoB plans to overhaul the various
training programs belonging to different law enforcement
agencies and the courts. It planned to introduce standardized
content for similar courses, certify the course instructors and
issue course certificates to students as well. This approach,
he said, would help ensure the quality of courses across
agencies. The course certificates would allow students to count
the coursework towards job or promotion requirements. The GoB
plans an inter-agency coordination meeting at the end of March.
Emboff noted that the Embassy is looking at how better to target
USG-offered law enforcement training and suggested that both
sides coordinate their efforts.
¶10. (SBU) Receita Federal A/S Cardoso and Customs Director
Medina asked O'Brien for USG expertise in managing asset
forfeiture funds. The GoB's enhanced customs enforcement
operations, particularly in the TBA meant Brazilian Customs was
seizing assets at a rate far quicker than it could dispose of
them, resulting in overflowing warehouses and impound lots.
O'Brien and Thompson outlined how the Treasury and Department of
Justice asset forfeiture funds work and undertook to try to
facilitate an exchange of technical expertise. Thompson also
noted the possibility of training for combating the growing use
of cash-couriers, which Medina and Cardoso welcomed.
Refining the AML Regime
-----------------------
¶11. (SBU) The MOJ's Madruga stated that the GoB had begun to
effect a culture-change in law enforcement on the importance of
Anti-Money Laundering, which Justice Minister Bastos had made a
priority from the beginning of the Lula administration in 2003.
This was reflected in the fact that the GoB had, in December
2005, held its third annual national anti-money laundering
strategy session and was well on its way to institutionalizing
the process, although more work remained to be done. Rodrigues
said that COAF plans to double in size, in large part to deal
with the huge increases in suspicious transaction reporting from
banks, factoring businesses, real estate brokers and other
entities. He cited reporting from "factoring" businesses which
increased from 27 reports in 2004 to 12,000 in 2005, due in
large part to a new requirement to report any transaction above
Reais 50,000 (about USD 23,000).
¶12. (SBU) Rodrigues noted the GoB is working on draft
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legislation to refine the AML regime. One key aspect of the
draft would be the definition of politically-exposed persons
(PEPs), whose financial transactions would come under enhanced
scrutiny by financial institution compliance officers. The
Central Bank's Leao said the current draft also would give the
GoB administrative authority to freeze transactions temporarily
while it seeks a court order (from one of the specialized
anti-money laundering courts) confirming the freeze. Leao
stated there was still discussion about where this authority
would reside within the government. Separately, Rodrigues
affirmed that he did not want the administrative authority to
freeze a transaction to reside with COAF. O'Brien argued that
such administrative authority was essential to act quickly
enough to block suspect transactions.
¶13. (SBU) Rodrigues stated that the GoB included in the 2006
anti-money laundering national strategy document a goal of
improving feedback to COAF on its reports to law enforcement of
suspicious financial activities. To date, he said, feedback had
been lacking. Recently law enforcement agencies had begun to
inform COAF when they have opened a formal investigation based
on one of its reports, but they still receive little comment on
the quality of the reports. Currently, the principal way COAF
learns of the value of a particular report is when it sees press
reports of the arrests of persons on whom it reported. One such
recent case, Rodrigues stated, was the federal police arrest of
persons who were falsifying Kimberley Certificates for diamonds
(reftel). COAF, he said, is increasing its own feedback and
outreach to the reporting institutions in a bid to improve the
quality of suspicious transaction reports.
¶14. (SBU) Justice Dipp noted that Brazil's federal-level
specialized courts for dealing with financial crimes were
proving themselves a resounding success, with prosecutions and
convictions both up substantially since their creation in 2003.
The existence of the specialized courts also was encouraging
some specialization from the prosecutors and law enforcement
agencies that worked with them. Dipp stated that these
particular judges (25 total, in the principal Brazilian regional
capitals) also were proving themselves to be innovative in their
application of existing legal authorities (e.g. plea bargaining)
but which Brazilian judges rarely applied. Furthermore, Dipp
affirmed, the Federal Judicial Council was ensuring feedback and
promoting the adoption of best practices by hosting twice-yearly
meetings of these judges to discuss the program's practical
implementation. Despite the success of these federal-level
specialized courts, Dipp noted there was no analogue at the
state level, where the majority of money laundering cases are
tried. O'Brien suggested the GoB share the results of this
successful experiment with regional counterparts.
Brazil's FATF-South Agenda
--------------------------
¶15. (SBU) COAF President Rodrigues outlined to O'Brien his
priorities for Brazil's presidency of the FATF South. First, he
said, the GoB wants to focus on getting terrorist finance laws
passed in those jurisdictions where this has not yet been done.
His second priority is to focus a bit more on
regionally-relevant issues, particularly corruption and tax
evasion. To this end, he wanted to promote implementation of
the FATF recommendation on politically exposed persons, as
Brazil was working to do. He also hoped FATF-South could
develop additional recommendations that would bolster
anti-corruption efforts. Finally, Rodrigues contemplated
improving the mutual evaluation process, which he argued needed
to be strengthened.
¶16. (U) A/S O'Brien was unable to clear this message before
leaving post.
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LINEHAN