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Viewing cable 06ABUJA593, MARCH 15 NIGERIA AVIAN FLU UPDATE

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06ABUJA593 2006-03-16 06:24 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Abuja
This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 ABUJA 000593 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
USDA FOR FAS/OA, FAS/DLP, FAS/ICD AND FAS/ITP 
USDA ALSO FOR APHIS 
USAID REGIONAL HUB OFFICE ACCRA 
CHERYL FRENCH APHIS DAKAR 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: TBIO KFLU EAID AMED EAGR NI AVIANFLU
SUBJECT: MARCH 15 NIGERIA AVIAN FLU UPDATE 
 
REF:  ABUJA 576 
 
1. Summary.  The Vom laboratory confirmed an outbreak of 
H5N1 in Anambra State, but the state agriculture 
commissioner rejected this finding.  The AI outbreak in Ogun 
State continues, but the GON has not heard from its Ogun 
field team.  An Ogun official said containing the outbreak 
would be a "tough task."  A GON official said there was no 
active surveillance in Ogun and that information on 
confirmed AI cases was being hoarded.  The official said the 
GON needed to contact Benin and Cameroon on the AI issue, 
and that Niger had accused Nigeria of exporting AI to it. 
The CDC and WHO reported progress on human-surveillance AI 
programs.  End summary. 
 
2. Economic officer and Centers for Disease Control (CDC) 
officers attended the March 10 and March 13 coordination 
meetings at the Government of Nigeria's (GON) Avian 
Influenza (AI) Crisis Management Center.  A GON official 
said Mar. 10 that epidemiological teams joined agricultural 
teams in the field to investigate AI outbreaks in Benue, 
Rivers, and Anambra States. 
 
Anambra declares AI present -- on a voice vote 
--------------------------------------------- - 
 
3. A team member who returned from Anambra said that state's 
agriculture commissioner was "in denial" despite the 
affected poultry farm having a 100% mortality rate.  Samples 
from this farm were sent to the Vom National Veterinary 
Research Institute, which confirmed a diagnosis of H5N1 -- 
but the agriculture commissioner rejected this diagnosis. 
The Anambra governor, who had not been aware of an AI 
outbreak in the state, sent his chief of staff, who calmed 
the situation.  State officials attending a meeting on the 
outbreak held a "voice vote" and declared AI present in 
Anambra.  The GON official said an Anambra official wanted 
to cull all birds within 3 km of the infected site but had 
no vehicles or logistical support, and that the agriculture 
commissioner would not allocate funds.  He termed Anambra 
"quite weak and deficient" against AI. 
 
4. A GON veterinary official said March 13 that Anambra now 
had an AI technical committee that meets daily.  He said no 
culling had been carried out, and "I think they need help" 
at the one farm affected to date.  The chair said, "I'm very 
concerned" that information on confirmed AI cases was 
available but was not being circulated, including by the 
University of Ibadan's Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. 
Instead, "Information was being hoarded." 
 
5. A representative of the Poultry Association of Nigeria 
(PAN) said the team should have appealed immediately to 
Abuja for funds, but the meeting chairman said Nigeria was a 
federal system, so the state concerned was in charge.  The 
GON could not give federal funds to states but only items 
provided by donors, the chair said.  A GON official denied 
the PAN representative's request that the PAN participate in 
the Anambra investigation.  In discussing reports of large 
numbers of chickens being raised in and near homes, a GON 
official said field teams had not found more than 40 to 50 
chickens per house, and that a total of 500 chicken at a 
house was not possible. 
 
6. The chair said that that following assistance from the 
CDC, the Vom laboratory now could test animal samples for 
H5N1.   Nigeria's AI protocol previously did not permit the 
owner of an infected flock to receive a laboratory report 
confirming AI.  Now, on the day on which the Vom laboratory 
confirms AI, it informs the AI Crisis Management chairman 
and the state governor concerned.  The chair called on the 
GON to distribute Tamilflu to reassure the population. 
 
7. The chair said additional compensation for birds had been 
calculated as follows, with no payment date specified: 
Nasarawa State, 517 farmers to receive a total of 3.14 
million naira (about USD 24,000) because Nasarawa largely 
had rural and backyard farmers; 21 million naira for six 
Bauchi farmers; 1.017 million naira for six Katsina farmers; 
and additional money for Kano State -- 12 million naira for 
11 farmers for culling carried out after Feb. 27.  The chair 
said the GON had put aside 100 million naira for 
compensation "to get people to report sick birds" early in 
the process. 
 
AI situation in Ogun is worrisome, but unclear 
--------------------------------------------- - 
 
8. The chair said on March 13 that the government had not 
received a report from its field team in Ogun State -- 
although the GON announced March 9 that Ogun was confirmed 
positive for the H5 virus.  Ogun's health commissioner said 
the outbreak there occurred on an Akute-Oja farm with 90,000 
birds, but test results were not back from Italy.  Ogun's 
government had not yet alerted the press and was awaiting 
confirmation to avoid causing "panic."  Containing the Akute- 
Oje outbreak was a "tough task" because the area was 
congested, built up rapidly, and had no roads.  She had no 
additional information on the outbreak and hoped the federal 
government would have information for her. 
 
9. The chair said the Vom laboratory confirmed H5N1 at an 
Akute-Oja farm, and he called for stern measures to be 
taken.  He said culling was "apparently" occurring at two 
locations in Akute-Oja.  A Ministry of Agriculture official 
had no figures for Ogun bird die-offs but said bird 
mortality there had worsened significantly.  The chair said 
unhappily, "There is no active surveillance in Ogun; we are 
still waiting for farmers to tell us" what is happening.  He 
asked the UN Food and Agriculture Organization to confirm 
reports of AI in the southwest.  The chair said Nigeria's 
major AI problem areas were in Ogun, because of population 
density, and in Nasarawa, because of Nasarawa officials' 
lack of cooperation. 
 
CDC and WHO report progress on surveillance 
------------------------------------------- 
 
10. A CDC official said a CDC team returned March 12 from 
three days in Kano State laying the groundwork for a sero- 
survey of poultry workers, persons employed at poultry 
markets, and veterinarians.  The CDC developed a 
questionnaire and will take blood samples.  The survey seeks 
300 participants.  If 300 are enrolled, no positive AI tests 
within the group would mean its members had a positive rate 
no higher than 1.5 percent.  The CDC is awaiting approval 
from the health minister and the Kano State health 
commissioner.  The chair said the GON might provide funds 
"this week" for the sero-study and to establish a database 
of people at the highest risk for AI.  He said the GON had 
formed teams and was awaiting funding to send teams to the 
field for three to four weeks.  GON field teams would 
piggyback on the CDC's Kano team and on a similar World 
Health Organization (WHO) team in Kaduna State. 
 
11. A WHO official said the WHO was concentrating on AI in 
Kaduna State and in five or six other states.  The WHO would 
work on case definitions and emphasize reporting and 
registering persons through the WHO, while building on what 
the CDC has achieved.  The WHO will work on enhanced 
surveillance of cases in Kaduna, to check for H5N1 in at- 
risk humans.  It would carry out community-based veterinary 
and wild-bird and poultry surveillance based on weekly 
surveys.  A CDC official said the CDC had made 
recommendations on a GON communications strategy that has 
identified ways in which AI messages can be fine-tuned so as 
to not frighten people. 
 
12. The chair said the GON would identify facilities for 
human cases for isolation and quarantine, and would begin 
drills and simulations by the week of March 20-24.  The GON 
would identify one hospital in each state for human 
isolation cases, and specify public buildings and schools 
for quarantine cases.  The chair said that at the direction 
of President Obasanjo, AI workers were exempted from the 
requirement that Nigerians stay home for part or all of 
March 21-25 to be counted in the national census. 
13. The chair said the GON needed to contact Benin and 
Cameroon on the AI issue, and that Niger had accused Nigeria 
of exporting AI to it, despite migratory birds' travel 
between the two countries. 
CAMPBELL