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Viewing cable 06KINSHASA225, ARS SPEAKER EDUARDO CUE: CORRUPTION OR

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06KINSHASA225 2006-02-09 18:07 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Kinshasa
This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.
UNCLAS  KINSHASA 000225 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT FOR AF/PDPA 
PARIS FOR ARS MARION SALVANET 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PHUM CG KPAO KDEM
SUBJECT: ARS SPEAKER EDUARDO CUE: CORRUPTION OR 
CREDIBILITY, "YOU MUST CHOOSE" 
 
REF: KINSHASA 137 
 
1. Summary: In a high-quality, versatile performance, 
ARS Speaker Eduardo Cue, the Paris-based U.S. News and 
World Report Correspondent, led two full-day workshops 
for 60 journalists and lectured to another 50 students 
of journalism in Kinshasa, February 1-3.  With a 
studied mix of ethical, theoretical and practical 
lessons, Mr. Cue strongly made the point that Congolese 
journalists had the responsibility to fight corruption 
within the profession, if democracy was truly to take 
root in the DRC. He said journalists have no choice but 
to avoid conflict of interest and its appearance. 
While our professional participants pondered that hard 
lesson, Eduardo Cue made the same point with practical 
composition exercises which focused on electoral 
campaign reporting, our overall theme.  Mr. Cue 
expanded his message on the compatibility of democracy 
and free, responsible press in t.v., radio, and print 
interviews.  With his serious approach and vast 
experience, Mr. Cue established his credibility, which 
seemed to make our participants more attentive to his 
rather tough message. End Summary 
 
2.  Our 60 journalists (of 70 designated by their media 
organizations) came mostly from Kinshasa.  We also 
arranged for six of them to come from the Bas-Congo 
province as well.  Half were radio and television 
journalists, who participated on February 1, and the 
other half were print journalists, who convened the 
next day.  All were supplied Nouveaux Horizons 
publications in advance: A Vous l'Antenne (Paul De 
Maeseneer) for the t.v. and radio journalists, and 
Pratique du Journalisme (Schulte and Dufresne) for both 
groups.  Many from both groups submitted samples of 
their work in advance for class exercises. 
 
Difficult Moral and Professional Choices 
---------------------------------------- 
 
3. Eduardo Cue, who has made regular visits to Africa 
since 1991 and speaks flawless French, made the case 
that democracy depended on a free press, and both were 
corrupted by the temptation to do favors for 
politicians. Journalists are nothing without their 
credibility, Cue said, and credibility is the first 
victim of corruption.  One could not be both a reporter 
and a press attach or advisor to a government 
ministry, he said, however common the practice in 
Africa.  Following expressions of incredulity and 
resistance to this stricture, Cue talked about his own 
case when he was spokesman for the UNHCR in Chad and 
Colombia.  During those stints, he suspended all 
journalistic activity; moreover, Cue said, he could not 
write about the UNHCR for quite some time afterwards. 
 
4. Cue insisted journalists had no choice between 
corruption and establishing their credibility.  Perhaps 
they would have to be a "sacrificial generation" of 
starving, but principled, journalists for the good of 
African reporters to follow.  But, he added, "You have 
more power than you think." Cue exhorted them to try to 
report both sides of a story, even if they work for an 
organization with a very political agenda; maybe it 
will slip by the editors.  He cited cases of Soviet and 
East Bloc reporters before 1989. Submit your questions 
in advance of an interview, if you must, in order to 
get an audience, Cue continued, but ask your unscripted 
questions, toward the end of the interview, anyway. 
You might get lucky, and you will win respect, he said. 
Examples emerged from the participants about their 
attempts to stand up for principle. One radio 
journalist described how he quit a station in Kasai 
province over a censored report.  Cue suggested 
removing one's name from a report, if, after editing, 
it no longer reflected the truth.  Others described how 
doors close on them, if they start to earn a reputation 
for independence.  Cue urged them to persevere and not 
succumb to insidious self-censorship. 
 
5. Each workshop began with a presentation by a 
Congolese university professor on journalistic 
practices.  Eduardo Cue made good use of their content. 
For example, Professor Budimbani Yambu said journalists 
needed to know more than just current events, but also 
 
 
politico-historical context ("la chose politique") to 
inform their lines of inquiry. Cue referred to 
Budimbani's point at least twice.  In a broader 
discussion about how (poorly) the U.S. press informed 
the American public about French views during the build- 
up to the Iraq War, Cue said no American media drew 
parallels with the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution 40 years 
earlier. In another example, Cue rhetorically asked if 
any American journalists discussed why the President 
left out China when listing the salient undemocratic 
countries in his State of the Union address. "It was 
not an oversight." 
 
Practical Exercises 
------------------- 
 
6. Eduardo Cue made some excellent practical points by 
taking the perspective of the consumer, be he viewer, 
listener, or reader.  During a discussion about 
protecting sources, Cue said that readers often think 
that the use of anonymous sources means the reporter is 
inventing information. Get quotes and name their 
authors, he repeated. 
 
7. After studying in advance the taped and written 
submissions of the participants, Eduardo Cue selected 
very instructive examples of good and bad practice, 
provoking lively discussion both days.  All samples 
dealt with some aspect of electoral campaign reporting, 
since that was our overall theme.  Always taking the 
perspective of the consumer, Cue used the homework 
assignments to show how, and how quickly, the 
viewer/listener/reader lost interest.  Subjects had to 
be narrowly chosen, like a radio example we used of how 
bed-ridden hospital patients will vote, or an article 
explaining the stops inside a polling station. 
Television images had to be lively and speakers clearly 
identified, radio needs ambient noises, and written 
articles need an angle.  Cue made the point that 
approaches were very different for the various media, 
and, with accomplished versatility, he drew on his 30- 
year experience in both print and television (as CNN's 
Spanish-language correspondent in Paris, for example). 
 
8. Eduardo Cue also used the anonymous examples to make 
ethical points, especially when it came to reports 
which unabashedly praised a particular political 
candidate.  Even as propaganda, Cue said, they were 
poorly done, which provoked some mirth.  He especially 
criticized examples where the reporter resorted to 
rumors, unproven allegations, or suppositions.  All 
such examples exhibited lack of rigor and hard work, 
and a tendency, Cue said, of reporters to sit at their 
keyboard, adding, "No one cares about your opinion." 
For one of the last articles he himself wrote, Cue said 
he spent a week just talking to people. 
 
School of Journalism 
-------------------- 
 
9. On February 3, Eduardo Cue held forth before 50 
students and faculty at IFASIC, Kinshasa's School of 
Journalism.  He made similar points about the role of a 
free press in a democracy and about journalistic 
ethics.  Following a question from one of the students, 
Cue led a lively discussion about how far reporters 
should delve into the private lives of politicians and 
other public figures.  He especially encouraged women 
journalists, observing they often have a better 
intuitive sense of what is newsworthy. 
 
Cue's Interviews 
---------------- 
 
10.  On the margins of his presentations, Eduardo Cue 
was interviewed and made the point that Congolese 
reporters needed to foster the freedoms afforded by 
democracy by exercising fair and objective journalism. 
The following print media sought him out for 
interviews: Le Potentiel, Le Potentiel-Bas Congo, 
L'Avenir, La Reference Plus, Uhuru, and Le Journal du 
Citoyen.  Articles were published in Le Potentiel, 
Uhuru, and Le Phare. Electronic media interviews were 
with Antenne A, Horizon 33, Digital Congo, and Radio 
Okapi.  We will forward many of these to ARS.  The PAO 
 
 
was interviewed separately by Antenne A, Horizon 33, 
and Radio Okapi. 
 
11.  Comment: We are very happy with Eduardo Cue's 
contribution to our efforts to encourage a free and 
responsible press in the DRC.  Mr. Cue quickly 
established his own credibility, and convinced his 
audiences that he understood African realities well. 
Mr. Cue's approach was serious, and he gained respect 
by pulling no punches.  He did not put American or 
Western journalism on a pedestal, which made his tough 
message on professional standards seem even more 
universal to our participants. End Comment 
 
MEECE 
 
 
NNNN