Keep Us Strong WikiLeaks logo

Currently released so far... 97115 / 251,287

Articles

Browse latest releases

Browse by creation date

Browse by origin

A B C D F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

Browse by tag

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
ETRD EAGR ETTC EAID ECON EFIN ECIN EINV ELAB EAIR ENRG EPET EWWT ECPS EIND EMIN ELTN EC ETMIN EUC EZ ET ELECTIONS ENVR EU EUN EG EINT ER ECONOMICS ES EMS ENIV EEB EN ECE ECOSOC EK ENVIRONMENT EFIS EI EWT ENGRD ECPSN EXIM EIAD ERIN ECPC EDEV ENGY ECTRD EPA ESTH ECCT EINVECON ENGR ERTD EUR EAP EWWC ELTD EL EXIMOPIC EXTERNAL ETRDEC ESCAP ECO EGAD ELNT ECONOMIC ENV ETRN EIAR EUMEM ENRGPARMOTRASENVKGHGPGOVECONTSPLEAID EREL ECOM ECONETRDEAGRJA ETCC ETRG ECONOMY EMED ETR ENERG EITC EFINOECD EURM EENG ERA EXPORT ENRD ECONEINVETRDEFINELABETRDKTDBPGOVOPIC EGEN EBRD EVIN ETRAD ECOWAS EFTA ECONETRDBESPAR EGOVSY EPIN EID ECONENRG EDRC ESENV ETT EB ENER ELTNSNAR ECHEVARRIA ETRC EPIT EDUC ESA EFI ENRGY ESCI EE EAIDXMXAXBXFFR EETC ECIP EIAID EIVN EBEXP ESTN EING EGOV ETRA EPETEIND ELAN ETRDGK EAIDRW ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS EPEC ENVI ELN EAG EPCS EPRT EPTED ETRB EUM EAIDS EFIC EFINECONEAIDUNGAGM EAIDAR ESF EIDN ELAM EDU EV EAIDAF ECN EDA EXBS EINTECPS ENRGTRGYETRDBEXPBTIOSZ EPREL EAC EINVEFIN ETA EAGER EINDIR ECA ECLAC ELAP EITI EUCOM ECONEFINETRDPGOVEAGRPTERKTFNKCRMEAID EARG ELDIN EINVKSCA ENNP EFINECONCS EFINTS ECCP ETC EAIRASECCASCID EINN ETRP EAIDNI EFQ ECOQKPKO EGPHUM EBUD ECONEINVEFINPGOVIZ ENERGY ELB EINDETRD EMI ECONEFIN EIB EURN ETRDEINVTINTCS EIN EFIM ETIO ELAINE EMN EATO EWTR EIPR EINVETC ETTD ETDR EIQ ECONCS EPPD ENRGIZ EISL ESPINOSA ELEC EAIG ESLCO EUREM ENTG ERD EINVECONSENVCSJA EEPET EUNCH ECINECONCS ETRO ETRDECONWTOCS ECUN EFND EPECO EAIRECONRP ERGR ETRDPGOV ECPN ENRGMO EPWR EET EAIS EAGRE EDUARDO EAGRRP EAIDPHUMPRELUG EICN ECONQH EVN EGHG ELBR EINF EAIDHO EENV ETEX ERNG ED
KMDR KPAO KPKO KJUS KCRM KGHG KFRD KWMN KDEM KTFN KHIV KGIC KIDE KSCA KNNP KHUM KIPR KSUM KISL KIRF KCOR KRCM KPAL KWBG KN KS KOMC KSEP KFLU KPWR KTIA KSEO KMPI KHLS KICC KSTH KMCA KVPR KPRM KE KU KZ KFLO KSAF KTIP KTEX KBCT KOCI KOLY KOR KAWC KACT KUNR KTDB KSTC KLIG KSKN KNN KCFE KCIP KGHA KHDP KPOW KUNC KDRL KV KPREL KCRS KPOL KRVC KRIM KGIT KWIR KT KIRC KOMO KRFD KUWAIT KG KFIN KSCI KTFIN KFTN KGOV KPRV KSAC KGIV KCRIM KPIR KSOC KBIO KW KGLB KMWN KPO KFSC KSEAO KSTCPL KSI KPRP KREC KFPC KUNH KCSA KMRS KNDP KR KICCPUR KPPAO KCSY KTBT KCIS KNEP KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KNNB KGCC KINR KPOP KMFO KENV KNAR KVIR KDRG KDMR KFCE KNAO KDEN KGCN KICA KIMMITT KMCC KLFU KMSG KSEC KUM KCUL KMNP KSMT KCOM KOMCSG KSPR KPMI KRAD KIND KCRP KAUST KWAWC KTER KCHG KRDP KPAS KITA KTSC KPAOPREL KWGB KIRP KJUST KMIG KLAB KTFR KSEI KSTT KAPO KSTS KLSO KWNN KPOA KHSA KNPP KPAONZ KBTS KWWW KY KJRE KPAOKMDRKE KCRCM KSCS KWMNCI KESO KWUN KPLS KIIP KEDEM KPAOY KRIF KGICKS KREF KTRD KFRDSOCIRO KTAO KJU KWMNPHUMPRELKPAOZW KEN KO KNEI KEMR KKIV KEAI KWAC KRCIM KWCI KFIU KWIC KCORR KOMS KNNO KPAI KBWG KTTB KTBD KTIALG KILS KFEM KTDM KESS KNUC KPA KOMCCO KCEM KRCS KWBGSY KNPPIS KNNPMNUC KWN KERG KLTN KALM KCCP KSUMPHUM KREL KGH KLIP KTLA KAWK KWMM KVRP KVRC KAID KSLG KDEMK KX KIF KNPR KCFC KFTFN KTFM KPDD KCERS KMOC KDEMAF KMEPI KEMS KDRM KEPREL KBTR KEDU KNP KIRL KNNR KMPT KISLPINR KTPN KA KJUSTH KPIN KDEV KTDD KAKA KFRP KWNM KTSD KINL KJUSKUNR KWWMN KECF KWBC KPRO KVBL KOM KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KEDM KFLD KLPM KRGY KNNF KICR KIFR KM KWMNCS KAWS KLAP KPAK KDDG KCGC KID KNSD KMPF KPFO KDP KCMR KRMS KNPT KNNNP KTIAPARM KDTB KNUP KPGOV KNAP KNNC KUK KSRE KREISLER KIVP KQ KTIAEUN KPALAOIS KRM KISLAO KWM KFLOA
PHUM PINR PTER PGOV PREL PREF PL PM PHSA PE PARM PINS PK PUNE PO PALESTINIAN PU PBTS PROP PTBS POL POLI PA PGOVZI POLMIL POLITICAL PARTIES POLM PD POLITICS POLICY PAS PMIL PINT PNAT PV PKO PPOL PERSONS PING PBIO PH PETR PARMS PRES PCON PETERS PRELBR PT PLAB PP PAK PDEM PKPA PSOCI PF PLO PTERM PJUS PSOE PELOSI PROPERTY PGOVPREL PARP PRL PNIR PHUMKPAL PG PREZ PGIC PBOV PAO PKK PROV PHSAK PHUMPREL PROTECTION PGOVBL PSI PRELPK PGOVENRG PUM PRELKPKO PATTY PSOC PRIVATIZATION PRELSP PGOVEAIDUKNOSWGMHUCANLLHFRSPITNZ PMIG PREC PAIGH PROG PSHA PARK PETER POG PHUS PPREL PS PTERPREL PRELPGOV POV PKPO PGOVECON POUS PGOVPRELPHUMPREFSMIGELABEAIDKCRMKWMN PWBG PMAR PREM PAR PNR PRELPGOVEAIDECONEINVBEXPSCULOIIPBTIO PARMIR PGOVGM PHUH PARTM PN PRE PTE PY POLUN PPEL PDOV PGOVSOCI PIRF PGOVPM PBST PRELEVU PGOR PBTSRU PRM PRELKPAOIZ PGVO PERL PGOC PAGR PMIN PHUMR PVIP PPD PGV PRAM PINL PKPAL PTERE PGOF PINO PHAS PODC PRHUM PHUMA PREO PPA PEPFAR PGO PRGOV PAC PRESL PORG PKFK PEPR PRELP PREFA PNG PGOVPHUMKPAO PRELECON PINOCHET PFOR PGOVLO PHUMBA PRELC PREK PHUME PHJM POLINT PGOVPZ PGOVKCRM PGOVE PHALANAGE PARTY PECON PEACE PROCESS PLN PRELSW PAHO PEDRO PRELA PASS PPAO PGPV PNUM PCUL PGGV PSA PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA PGIV PRFE POGOV PEL PBT PAMQ PINF PSEPC POSTS PHUMPGOV PVOV PHSAPREL PROLIFERATION PENA PRELTBIOBA PIN PRELL PGOVPTER PHAM PHYTRP PTEL PTERPGOV PHARM PROTESTS PRELAF PKBL PRELKPAO PKNP PARMP PHUML PFOV PERM PUOS PRELGOV PHUMPTER PARAGRAPH PERURENA PBTSEWWT PCI PETROL PINSO PINSCE PQL PEREZ PBS

Browse by classification

Community resources

courage is contagious

Viewing cable 05LIMA4184, PERU: UPDATED TEXTILE AND APPAREL INFORMATION

If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs

Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:
  • The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
  • The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
  • The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.
To understand the justification used for the classification of each cable, please use this WikiSource article as reference.

Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #05LIMA4184.
Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
05LIMA4184 2005-09-27 13:56 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Lima
This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 LIMA 004184 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
 
DEPT FOR WHA/AND, EB/TPP/ABT - E HEARTNEY 
COMMERCE FOR ITA/OTEXA/MARIA D'ANDREA 
USTR FOR B. HARMAN and A. HEYLIGER 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: KTEX ETRD ECON EINV PE
SUBJECT: PERU: UPDATED TEXTILE AND APPAREL INFORMATION 
 
REF: A) STATE 146213  B) LIMA 68   C) 04 LIMA 5445 
 
1. (SBU) Summary.  Peru's textile and apparel sectors have 
grown rapidly in the past few years, due primarily to 
benefits under the Andean Trade Promotion and Drug 
Eradication Act (ATPDEA).  While textile and apparel exports 
values increased from $823 million in 2003 to $1.09 billion 
in 2004, this sector accounts for less than 12 percent of 
Peru's overall exports.  Peru's textile sector faces severe 
competition from cheaper Chinese imports, which undermines 
the ability of local producers to sell domestically.  Peru 
lifted its safeguards on Chinese textiles in May, but the 
GOP is currently negotiating with the Chinese government to 
apply "self-imposed" limitations on Chinese exports to Peru. 
The key to the competitiveness of Peru's textile sector is 
ATPDEA, which will expire in December 2006.  Without a free 
trade agreement (FTA) to replace ATPDEA, Peru's textile and 
apparel production would decline and products would be less 
competitive on the world market.  End Summary. 
 
Production 
---------- 
 
2. (U) According to the Central Bank, manufacturing and 
industrial production in 2004 totaled $10.5 billion, an 
increase from 2003 level of $9.2 billion.  Textile and 
apparel production accounts for a small portion of Peru's 
total industrial production.  The Central Bank reports that 
Peru's 2004 textile and apparel production reached $1.5 
billion, an increase from $1.4 billion in 2003. 
 
Imports and Exports 
------------------- 
 
3. (U) Peruvian total imports increased from $8.25 billion 
in 2003 to $9.8 billion in 2004.  Textile and apparel 
imports comprised approximately 3.6 percent of this total. 
According to the Central Bank, Peruvian imports of textiles 
and apparel totaled $358 million in 2004, increasing from 
$314 million in 2003. 
 
4. (U) The Central Bank also reported that Peru's total 
exports in 2004 reached $12.6 billion, a dramatic increase 
from $9.1 billion in 2003.  As a percentage of exports, 
textiles and apparels accounted for only 8.7 percent of 
exports in 2004, a slight decrease from 9.1 percent in 2003. 
Although textile and apparel exports account for a small 
portion of total exports, these exports grew at a rate of 
25% from 2003 to 2004, from $823 million to $1.1 billion. 
The majority of Peruvian textile and apparel exports include 
manufactured cotton garments and basic textile products 
(spun and woven cotton and wool).  Textile industry 
representatives indicate that the substantial increase in 
Peruvian exports, particularly of textiles and apparel, is 
directly linked to ATPDEA, which expanded benefits to 
include Peruvian apparel products. 
 
--------------------------------------------- -------------- 
        Peruvian Import and Export Levels, 2003-2004 
--------------------------------------------- -------------- 
                   USD, millions           Percent Share 
                 2003     2004               2003     2004 
--------------------------------------------- -------------- 
Exports 
Textiles         165.0      218.0             1.5       1.7 
Apparel          654.0      874.0             7.6       7.0 
Textile/Apparel  823.0     1092.0             9.1       8.7 
Total Exports   9091.0    12617.0           100.0     100.0 
 
Imports 
Textiles         207.2      238.0             2.5       2.4 
Apparel          107.6      120.0             1.3       1.2 
Textiles/Apparel 314.8      358.0             3.8       3.6 
Total Imports   8254.5     9824.0           100.0     100.0 
--------------------------------------------- -------------- 
Source: INEI (Statistics Bureau), Central Bank 
 
5.  (SBU) While official statistics on 2005 textile exports 
are not yet available, local industry officials informed us 
that approximately 65 percent of Peruvian apparel was 
shipped to the United States during the first six months of 
the year.  According to the Lima Chamber of Commerce, 
textile and apparel exports totaled $390.4 million through 
June 2005, an increase of 17 percent year/year.  The Lima 
Chamber of Commerce emphasized that USG limitations on 
certain Chinese textile and apparel products enables 
Peruvian products to compete for the U.S. market. 
 
Employment 
---------- 
 
6. (U) The Peruvian Census Bureau estimates that there are 
currently close to 14 million people in the labor force, 
with 10 percent working in the manufacturing sector.  Of 
these, the Ministry of Trade and Tourism (Mincetur) 
estimates that in 2004, approximately 130,000 individuals 
were gainfully employed in the textile and apparel industry, 
accounting for less than 3 percent of total employment. 
Much of the employment in the textile industry, however, is 
informal and these statistics do not accurately reflect true 
employment patterns. 
 
--------------------------------------------- -------------- 
   Total Manufacturing and Textiles/Apparel Employment 
                        2002-2003 
--------------------------------------------- -------------- 
                                              Percent Share 
                      2002         2003        2002    2003 
 
Total Manufacturing  1,173,260   1,164,086       9.7    8.9 
Textiles               353,943     354,140       2.9    2.7 
Total employment    12,070,072  13,013,298     100.0  100.0 
--------------------------------------------- -------------- 
Source: Unpublished data from Peruvian Department of Labor 
 
No Safeguards on Chinese Products 
--------------------------------- 
 
7.  (U) Peru was one of the few countries that imposed 
safeguards on Chinese textiles before the elimination of the 
WTO's Multi-Fiber Agreement (MFA) (ref B).  In October 2004, 
the GOP established temporary safeguards on 20 sensitive 
textile products; these protections expired on May 1.  After 
conducting a review of the textile industry from October 
2004-March 2005, the GOP decided not to extend these 
safeguards.  To appease the opponents, the GOP passed new 
customs regulations calling for "special attention" on 36 
different imported items, including 13 sensitive textile 
products, stating that if not monitored, these products 
could harm local industry.  The new regulations also gave 
Customs the power to place additional tariffs on these 36 
products if it detects that importers are engaging in 
fraudulent behavior, such as dumping. 
 
8.  (U) Despite new regulations, local industry and several 
export societies continue to demand that the GOP reinstate 
textile safeguards.  Instead of bowing to public pressure, 
the Ministry of Production began negotiations with China in 
August to encourage China to place a "self-imposed" 
limitation on Chinese textile exports to Peru.  Although the 
Ministry of Production claims that GOP officials made 
significant advances during the last round of negotiations 
with China in early September, the GOP is unable to specify 
when the negotiations will end. 
 
Comment 
------- 
 
9. (SBU) Peru's small but vibrant textile sector benefits 
greatly from ATPDEA, which is set to expire at the end of 
2006.  Without ATPDEA, or a free trade agreement to replace 
ATPDEA, Peruvian apparel would be unable to compete with 
Chinese products and products from countries that have 
preferential trade agreements (such as the Central American 
countries).  The Peruvian Government remains committed to 
concluding FTA negotiations by November 2005; the government 
recognizes that the economic benefits of trade are too good 
to pass up. 
 
STRUBLE