Currently released so far... 97115 / 251,287
Articles
Brazil
Sri Lanka
United Kingdom
Sweden
00. Editorial
United States
Latin America
Egypt
Jordan
Yemen
Thailand
Browse latest releases
2010/12/01
2010/12/02
2010/12/03
2010/12/04
2010/12/05
2010/12/06
2010/12/07
2010/12/08
2010/12/09
2010/12/10
2010/12/11
2010/12/12
2010/12/13
2010/12/14
2010/12/15
2010/12/16
2010/12/17
2010/12/18
2010/12/19
2010/12/20
2010/12/21
2010/12/22
2010/12/23
2010/12/25
2010/12/26
2010/12/27
2010/12/28
2010/12/29
2010/12/30
2011/01/01
2011/01/02
2011/01/04
2011/01/05
2011/01/07
2011/01/09
2011/01/11
2011/01/12
2011/01/13
2011/01/14
2011/01/15
2011/01/16
2011/01/17
2011/01/18
2011/01/19
2011/01/20
2011/01/21
2011/01/22
2011/01/23
2011/01/24
2011/01/25
2011/01/26
2011/01/27
2011/01/28
2011/01/29
2011/01/30
2011/01/31
2011/02/01
2011/02/02
2011/02/03
2011/02/04
2011/02/05
2011/02/06
2011/02/07
2011/02/08
2011/02/09
2011/02/10
2011/02/11
2011/02/12
2011/02/13
2011/02/14
2011/02/15
2011/02/16
2011/02/17
2011/02/18
2011/02/19
2011/02/20
2011/02/21
2011/02/22
2011/02/23
2011/02/24
2011/02/25
2011/02/26
2011/02/27
2011/02/28
2011/03/01
2011/03/02
2011/03/03
2011/03/04
2011/03/05
2011/03/06
2011/03/07
2011/03/08
2011/03/09
2011/03/10
2011/03/11
2011/03/13
2011/03/14
2011/03/15
2011/03/16
2011/03/17
2011/03/18
2011/03/19
2011/03/20
2011/03/21
2011/03/22
2011/03/23
2011/03/24
2011/03/25
2011/03/26
2011/03/27
2011/03/28
2011/03/29
2011/03/30
2011/03/31
2011/04/01
2011/04/02
2011/04/03
2011/04/04
2011/04/05
2011/04/06
2011/04/07
2011/04/08
2011/04/09
2011/04/10
2011/04/11
2011/04/12
2011/04/13
2011/04/14
2011/04/15
2011/04/16
2011/04/17
2011/04/18
2011/04/19
2011/04/20
2011/04/21
2011/04/22
2011/04/23
2011/04/24
2011/04/25
2011/04/26
2011/04/27
2011/04/28
2011/04/29
2011/04/30
2011/05/01
2011/05/02
2011/05/03
2011/05/04
2011/05/05
2011/05/06
2011/05/07
2011/05/09
2011/05/10
2011/05/11
2011/05/12
2011/05/13
2011/05/14
2011/05/15
2011/05/16
2011/05/17
2011/05/18
2011/05/19
2011/05/20
2011/05/21
2011/05/22
2011/05/23
2011/05/24
2011/05/25
2011/05/26
2011/05/27
2011/05/28
2011/05/29
2011/05/30
2011/05/31
2011/06/01
2011/06/02
2011/06/03
2011/06/04
2011/06/05
2011/06/06
2011/06/07
2011/06/08
2011/06/09
2011/06/10
2011/06/11
2011/06/12
2011/06/13
2011/06/14
2011/06/15
2011/06/16
2011/06/17
2011/06/18
2011/06/19
2011/06/20
2011/06/21
2011/06/22
2011/06/23
2011/06/24
2011/06/25
2011/06/26
2011/06/27
2011/06/28
2011/06/29
2011/06/30
2011/07/01
2011/07/02
2011/07/04
2011/07/05
2011/07/06
2011/07/07
2011/07/08
2011/07/10
2011/07/11
2011/07/12
2011/07/13
2011/07/14
2011/07/15
2011/07/16
2011/07/17
2011/07/18
2011/07/19
2011/07/20
2011/07/21
2011/07/22
2011/07/23
2011/07/25
2011/07/27
2011/07/28
2011/07/29
2011/07/31
2011/08/01
2011/08/02
2011/08/03
2011/08/05
2011/08/06
2011/08/07
2011/08/08
2011/08/10
2011/08/11
2011/08/12
2011/08/13
2011/08/15
2011/08/16
2011/08/17
2011/08/19
2011/08/21
2011/08/22
2011/08/23
2011/08/24
2011/08/25
Browse by creation date
Browse by origin
Embassy Athens
Embassy Asuncion
Embassy Astana
Embassy Asmara
Embassy Ashgabat
Embassy Apia
Embassy Antananarivo
Embassy Ankara
Embassy Amman
Embassy Algiers
Embassy Addis Ababa
Embassy Accra
Embassy Abuja
Embassy Abu Dhabi
Embassy Abidjan
Consulate Auckland
Consulate Amsterdam
Consulate Alexandria
Consulate Adana
American Institute Taiwan, Taipei
Embasy Bonn
Embassy Bujumbura
Embassy Buenos Aires
Embassy Budapest
Embassy Bucharest
Embassy Brussels
Embassy Bridgetown
Embassy Brazzaville
Embassy Bratislava
Embassy Brasilia
Embassy Bogota
Embassy Bishkek
Embassy Bern
Embassy Berlin
Embassy Belmopan
Embassy Belgrade
Embassy Beirut
Embassy Beijing
Embassy Banjul
Embassy Bangui
Embassy Bangkok
Embassy Bandar Seri Begawan
Embassy Bamako
Embassy Baku
Embassy Baghdad
Consulate Belfast
Consulate Barcelona
Embassy Cotonou
Embassy Copenhagen
Embassy Conakry
Embassy Colombo
Embassy Chisinau
Embassy Caracas
Embassy Canberra
Embassy Cairo
Consulate Curacao
Consulate Ciudad Juarez
Consulate Chiang Mai
Consulate Chennai
Consulate Chengdu
Consulate Casablanca
Consulate Cape Town
Consulate Calgary
Embassy Dushanbe
Embassy Dublin
Embassy Doha
Embassy Djibouti
Embassy Dili
Embassy Dhaka
Embassy Dar Es Salaam
Embassy Damascus
Embassy Dakar
DIR FSINFATC
Consulate Dusseldorf
Consulate Durban
Consulate Dubai
Consulate Dhahran
Embassy Guatemala
Embassy Grenada
Embassy Georgetown
Embassy Gaborone
Consulate Guayaquil
Consulate Guangzhou
Consulate Guadalajara
Embassy Helsinki
Embassy Harare
Embassy Hanoi
Consulate Hong Kong
Consulate Ho Chi Minh City
Consulate Hermosillo
Consulate Hamilton
Consulate Hamburg
Consulate Halifax
Embassy Kyiv
Embassy Kuwait
Embassy Kuala Lumpur
Embassy Kolonia
Embassy Kinshasa
Embassy Kingston
Embassy Kigali
Embassy Khartoum
Embassy Kathmandu
Embassy Kampala
Embassy Kabul
Consulate Krakow
Consulate Kolkata
Consulate Karachi
Consulate Kaduna
Embassy Luxembourg
Embassy Lusaka
Embassy Luanda
Embassy London
Embassy Lome
Embassy Ljubljana
Embassy Lisbon
Embassy Lima
Embassy Lilongwe
Embassy Libreville
Embassy La Paz
Consulate Leipzig
Consulate Lahore
Consulate Lagos
Mission USOSCE
Mission USNATO
Mission UNESCO
Mission Geneva
Embassy Muscat
Embassy Moscow
Embassy Montevideo
Embassy Monrovia
Embassy Mogadishu
Embassy Minsk
Embassy Mexico
Embassy Mbabane
Embassy Maseru
Embassy Maputo
Embassy Manila
Embassy Manama
Embassy Managua
Embassy Malabo
Embassy Madrid
Consulate Munich
Consulate Mumbai
Consulate Montreal
Consulate Monterrey
Consulate Milan
Consulate Merida
Consulate Melbourne
Consulate Matamoros
Consulate Marseille
Embassy Nouakchott
Embassy Nicosia
Embassy Niamey
Embassy New Delhi
Embassy Ndjamena
Embassy Nassau
Embassy Nairobi
Consulate Nuevo Laredo
Consulate Naples
Consulate Naha
Consulate Nagoya
Embassy Pristina
Embassy Pretoria
Embassy Praia
Embassy Prague
Embassy Port Of Spain
Embassy Port Moresby
Embassy Port Louis
Embassy Port Au Prince
Embassy Podgorica
Embassy Phnom Penh
Embassy Paris
Embassy Paramaribo
Embassy Panama
Consulate Ponta Delgada
Consulate Peshawar
REO Mosul
REO Kirkuk
REO Hillah
REO Basrah
Embassy Rome
Embassy Riyadh
Embassy Riga
Embassy Reykjavik
Embassy Rangoon
Embassy Rabat
Consulate Rio De Janeiro
Consulate Recife
Secretary of State
Embassy Suva
Embassy Stockholm
Embassy Sofia
Embassy Skopje
Embassy Singapore
Embassy Seoul
Embassy Sarajevo
Embassy Santo Domingo
Embassy Santiago
Embassy Sanaa
Embassy San Salvador
Embassy San Jose
Consulate Surabaya
Consulate Strasbourg
Consulate St Petersburg
Consulate Shenyang
Consulate Shanghai
Consulate Sapporo
Consulate Sao Paulo
Embassy Tunis
Embassy Tripoli
Embassy Tokyo
Embassy Tirana
Embassy The Hague
Embassy Tel Aviv
Embassy Tehran
Embassy Tegucigalpa
Embassy Tbilisi
Embassy Tashkent
Embassy Tallinn
Consulate Toronto
Consulate Tijuana
Consulate Thessaloniki
USUN New York
USMISSION USTR GENEVA
USEU Brussels
US Office Almaty
US Mission Geneva
US Mission CD Geneva
US Interests Section Havana
US Delegation, Secretary
US Delegation FEST TWO
UNVIE
UN Rome
Embassy Ulaanbaatar
Embassy Vilnius
Embassy Vientiane
Embassy Vienna
Embassy Vatican
Embassy Valletta
Consulate Vladivostok
Consulate Vancouver
Browse by tag
AF
ADANA
ASEC
AFIN
AMGT
AE
AORC
AID
AR
AO
AU
ASEAN
AGOA
AFGHANISTAN
AFFAIRS
AMED
APER
ASECARP
APEC
AEMR
AS
AA
ANET
AFLU
ABLD
AL
ASUP
AJ
APECO
AMER
ABUD
AODE
AM
AFSN
AESC
AND
AG
ALOW
AROC
AVIANFLU
ATRN
ACOA
AEGR
AMGMT
AADP
AFSI
ACABQ
APRM
AZ
AIDS
ASE
AGAO
ADCO
ABDALLAH
ARF
AIDAC
ACOTA
ASCH
AC
ASEG
AGR
ACS
AMCHAMS
AN
AMIA
ASIG
ADPM
ADB
ANARCHISTS
ALOWAR
ARM
AUC
AINF
AINT
AORG
AY
AVIAN
AMEDCASCKFLO
AK
ARSO
ARABBL
ASO
ANTITERRORISM
ARABL
AOWC
AGRICULTURE
ALJAZEERA
AMTC
AFINM
AOCR
ABER
ARR
AFPK
ASSEMBLY
ASSK
AZE
AORCYM
AINR
AGMT
AEC
ACKM
APRC
AIN
ASCC
AFPREL
ASED
APERTH
ASFC
ASECTH
AFSA
AOMS
AORCO
ANTXON
ARC
AFAF
ADIP
AIAG
AFARI
AEMED
AORL
AX
ASECAF
AOPC
ASECAFIN
AFZAL
APCS
AMB
AGUIRRE
AEMRASECCASCKFLOMARRPRELPINRAMGTJMXL
AIT
ARCH
AMEX
ALI
AQ
ATFN
AMBASSADOR
AORCD
AVIATION
ARAS
AINFCY
ACBAQ
AOPR
AREP
ALEXANDER
ATRD
AEIR
AOIC
ABLDG
ASEX
AFR
ASCE
ATRA
ASEK
AER
ALOUNI
AMCT
AVERY
APR
AMAT
AEMRS
ASPA
AFU
AMG
ATPDEA
ALL
AECL
ACAO
ASECKFRDCVISKIRFPHUMSMIGEG
AORD
AFL
AME
ADM
ASECPHUM
AGIT
ABT
ASECVE
AGUILAR
AT
ABMC
ALZUGUREN
ANGEL
ASR
ANTONIO
BMGT
BEXP
BM
BG
BL
BA
BR
BTA
BO
BY
BBSR
BLUE
BK
BF
BTIO
BELLVIEW
BE
BU
BN
BH
BD
BC
BTC
BILAT
BT
BX
BRUSSELS
BP
BB
BRPA
BUSH
BURMA
BMENA
BESP
BIT
BBG
BGD
BMEAID
BAGHDAD
BEN
BIO
BMOT
BWC
BLUNT
BURNS
BUT
BGMT
BAIO
BCW
BOEHNER
BFIF
BOL
BASHAR
BIMSTEC
BOU
BIDEN
BZ
BFIN
BTRA
BI
BHUM
BOIKO
BERARDUCCI
BOUCHAIB
BORDER
BEXPC
BTIU
BTT
BIOS
BEXB
BGPGOV
BOND
BLR
CE
CG
CH
CVR
CASC
CU
CI
CD
CO
CDG
CB
CJAN
CPAS
COM
CVIS
CMGT
CT
CENTCOM
CNARC
CTERR
COUNTER
CHIEF
CDC
CTR
CBW
COUNTRY
CLEARANCE
CY
CA
CM
CS
CWC
CN
CITES
CF
CWG
CIVS
CFIS
CASCC
CROATIA
CONS
COUNTERTERRORISM
CASA
COE
CJ
CHR
CODEL
CR
CBC
CACS
CHERTOFF
CAS
CONTROL
CONDITIONS
CONDOLEEZZA
CITEL
CV
CLINTON
CHG
CZ
CON
CTBT
CEN
CRIMES
COMMERCE
CLOK
CRISTINA
CFED
CARC
CND
CTM
CARICOM
COUNTRYCLEARANCE
CBTH
CHINA
CSW
CICTE
CJUS
CYPRUS
CW
CAMBODIA
CENSUS
CIDA
CRIME
CBG
CBE
CMGMT
CAIO
CEC
CARSON
CPCTC
CEDAW
COMESA
CVIA
CWCM
CEA
COSI
CAPC
CGEN
COPUOS
CGOPRC
COETRD
CKGR
CFE
CQ
CITT
CIC
CARIB
CVIC
CLO
CAFTA
CVISU
CHRISTOPHER
CACM
CIAT
CDB
CIS
CUL
CHAO
CNC
CL
CSEP
COMMAND
CENTER
COL
CAN
CAJC
CUIS
CONSULAR
CLMT
CIA
CBSA
CEUDA
CAC
CROS
CIO
CPUOS
CKOR
CVPR
CONG
CONTROLS
CEPTER
CVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGKIRF
CDCE
DPOL
DEMARCHE
DHS
DR
DA
DISENGAGEMENT
DEMOCRATIC
DEFENSE
DJ
DY
DARFUR
DHRF
DEA
DTRO
DPRK
DO
DARFR
DOC
DRL
DK
DOJ
DTRA
DOMESTIC
DAC
DOD
DEAX
DIEZ
DEOC
DELTAVIOLENCE
DCOM
DMINE
DRC
DCG
DPKO
DOMESTICPOLITICS
DE
DB
DOT
DEPT
DOE
DHLAKAMA
DHSX
DS
DKEM
DAO
DCM
DANIEL
DEM
DAVID
DCRM
ETRD
EAGR
ETTC
EAID
ECON
EFIN
ECIN
EINV
ELAB
EAIR
ENRG
EPET
EWWT
ECPS
EIND
EMIN
ELTN
EC
ETMIN
EUC
EZ
ET
ELECTIONS
ENVR
EU
EUN
EG
EINT
ER
ECONOMICS
ES
EMS
ENIV
EEB
EN
ECE
ECOSOC
EK
ENVIRONMENT
EFIS
EI
EWT
ENGRD
ECPSN
EXIM
EIAD
ERIN
ECPC
EDEV
ENGY
ECTRD
EPA
ESTH
ECCT
EINVECON
ENGR
ERTD
EUR
EAP
EWWC
ELTD
EL
EXIMOPIC
EXTERNAL
ETRDEC
ESCAP
ECO
EGAD
ELNT
ECONOMIC
ENV
ETRN
EIAR
EUMEM
ENRGPARMOTRASENVKGHGPGOVECONTSPLEAID
EREL
ECOM
ECONETRDEAGRJA
ETCC
ETRG
ECONOMY
EMED
ETR
ENERG
EITC
EFINOECD
EURM
EENG
ERA
EXPORT
ENRD
ECONEINVETRDEFINELABETRDKTDBPGOVOPIC
EGEN
EBRD
EVIN
ETRAD
ECOWAS
EFTA
ECONETRDBESPAR
EGOVSY
EPIN
EID
ECONENRG
EDRC
ESENV
ETT
EB
ENER
ELTNSNAR
ECHEVARRIA
ETRC
EPIT
EDUC
ESA
EFI
ENRGY
ESCI
EE
EAIDXMXAXBXFFR
EETC
ECIP
EIAID
EIVN
EBEXP
ESTN
EING
EGOV
ETRA
EPETEIND
ELAN
ETRDGK
EAIDRW
ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS
EPEC
ENVI
ELN
EAG
EPCS
EPRT
EPTED
ETRB
EUM
EAIDS
EFIC
EFINECONEAIDUNGAGM
EAIDAR
ESF
EIDN
ELAM
EDU
EV
EAIDAF
ECN
EDA
EXBS
EINTECPS
ENRGTRGYETRDBEXPBTIOSZ
EPREL
EAC
EINVEFIN
ETA
EAGER
EINDIR
ECA
ECLAC
ELAP
EITI
EUCOM
ECONEFINETRDPGOVEAGRPTERKTFNKCRMEAID
EARG
ELDIN
EINVKSCA
ENNP
EFINECONCS
EFINTS
ECCP
ETC
EAIRASECCASCID
EINN
ETRP
EAIDNI
EFQ
ECOQKPKO
EGPHUM
EBUD
ECONEINVEFINPGOVIZ
ENERGY
ELB
EINDETRD
EMI
ECONEFIN
EIB
EURN
ETRDEINVTINTCS
EIN
EFIM
ETIO
ELAINE
EMN
EATO
EWTR
EIPR
EINVETC
ETTD
ETDR
EIQ
ECONCS
EPPD
ENRGIZ
EISL
ESPINOSA
ELEC
EAIG
ESLCO
EUREM
ENTG
ERD
EINVECONSENVCSJA
EEPET
EUNCH
ECINECONCS
ETRO
ETRDECONWTOCS
ECUN
EFND
EPECO
EAIRECONRP
ERGR
ETRDPGOV
ECPN
ENRGMO
EPWR
EET
EAIS
EAGRE
EDUARDO
EAGRRP
EAIDPHUMPRELUG
EICN
ECONQH
EVN
EGHG
ELBR
EINF
EAIDHO
EENV
ETEX
ERNG
ED
FR
FREEDOM
FINREF
FJ
FI
FRELIMO
FOREIGN
FAA
FETHI
FAS
FTAA
FRB
FAO
FCS
FINANCE
FWS
FTA
FEMA
FDA
FLU
FRANCISCO
FBI
FORCE
FO
FARC
FK
FT
FCSC
FAC
FM
FMGT
FINV
FCSCEG
FARM
FERNANDO
FINR
FIN
FINE
FIR
FDIC
FOR
FOI
FCUL
FKLU
FMLN
FISO
FIXED
GM
GMUS
GG
GR
GE
GAZA
GT
GH
GZ
GJ
GLOBAL
GV
GABY
GOI
GA
GCC
GB
GY
GATT
GC
GUAM
GEORGE
GTIP
GOV
GOMEZ
GUTIERREZ
GL
GKGIC
GF
GU
GWI
GARCIA
GTMO
GN
GANGS
GIPNC
GAERC
GREGG
GUILLERMO
GASPAR
GERARD
GI
HK
HR
HUMANR
HUMAN
HO
HA
HUMANRIGHTS
HU
HHS
HIV
HUM
HRKAWC
HILLEN
HILLARY
HDP
HUMRIT
HSTC
HUMANITARIAN
HCOPIL
HADLEY
HURI
HL
HRETRD
HOURANI
HG
HARRIET
HESHAM
HI
HNCHR
HARRY
HRECON
HRC
HOSTAGES
HEBRON
HUMOR
HSWG
HYMPSK
HECTOR
HN
HYDE
HUD
HRPGOV
HIGHLIGHTS
ID
ILC
IS
IZ
ICAO
IMO
ITU
IR
IAEA
ICRC
IPROP
IT
IBRD
ISRAELI
IRAQI
ISSUES
ITRA
IV
IO
IGAD
IRAQ
IN
IMF
ICTR
ISCON
IADB
IDB
IEA
INR
IWC
ICCAT
ILO
INMARSAT
IOM
ICJ
IQ
ISPA
ITRD
IPR
INTELSAT
ISN
IAHRC
INTERNAL
IFAD
IICA
IHO
IRAN
IL
IRCE
IC
INTELLECTUAL
IRM
IE
ICTY
IDLI
IFO
ISCA
INF
INL
ISRAEL
INV
IBB
INFLUENZA
ISPL
ITER
ITIA
INRA
ISAF
IACHR
INTERPOL
IFR
IRS
INRB
IEF
ISAAC
ICC
INDO
IIP
IATTC
INAUGURATION
IND
INS
IZPREL
IACI
IEFIN
INNP
ILAB
IA
IMTS
ITALY
ITALIAN
IFIN
IRAJ
IX
ICG
IF
ITPHUM
ITA
IP
IACW
IK
IUCN
IZEAID
IRPE
IDA
ISLAMISTS
ITF
INRO
IBET
IDP
IRC
ISO
ICES
IRMO
ITPGOV
IQNV
IMSO
IRDB
IMET
INCB
IFRC
JA
JO
JP
JM
JCIC
JOHN
JE
JEFFERY
JS
JUS
JN
JOHNNIE
JAMES
JKUS
JOSEPH
JML
JAWAD
JSRP
JIMENEZ
JOSE
JKJUS
JK
JAPAN
KMDR
KPAO
KPKO
KJUS
KCRM
KGHG
KFRD
KWMN
KDEM
KTFN
KHIV
KGIC
KIDE
KSCA
KNNP
KHUM
KIPR
KSUM
KISL
KIRF
KCOR
KRCM
KPAL
KWBG
KN
KS
KOMC
KSEP
KFLU
KPWR
KTIA
KSEO
KMPI
KHLS
KICC
KSTH
KMCA
KVPR
KPRM
KE
KU
KZ
KFLO
KSAF
KTIP
KTEX
KBCT
KOCI
KOLY
KOR
KAWC
KACT
KUNR
KTDB
KSTC
KLIG
KSKN
KNN
KCFE
KCIP
KGHA
KHDP
KPOW
KUNC
KDRL
KV
KPREL
KCRS
KPOL
KRVC
KRIM
KGIT
KWIR
KT
KIRC
KOMO
KRFD
KUWAIT
KG
KFIN
KSCI
KTFIN
KFTN
KGOV
KPRV
KSAC
KGIV
KCRIM
KPIR
KSOC
KBIO
KW
KGLB
KMWN
KPO
KFSC
KSEAO
KSTCPL
KSI
KPRP
KREC
KFPC
KUNH
KCSA
KMRS
KNDP
KR
KICCPUR
KPPAO
KCSY
KTBT
KCIS
KNEP
KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG
KNNB
KGCC
KINR
KPOP
KMFO
KENV
KNAR
KVIR
KDRG
KDMR
KFCE
KNAO
KDEN
KGCN
KICA
KIMMITT
KMCC
KLFU
KMSG
KSEC
KUM
KCUL
KMNP
KSMT
KCOM
KOMCSG
KSPR
KPMI
KRAD
KIND
KCRP
KAUST
KWAWC
KTER
KCHG
KRDP
KPAS
KITA
KTSC
KPAOPREL
KWGB
KIRP
KJUST
KMIG
KLAB
KTFR
KSEI
KSTT
KAPO
KSTS
KLSO
KWNN
KPOA
KHSA
KNPP
KPAONZ
KBTS
KWWW
KY
KJRE
KPAOKMDRKE
KCRCM
KSCS
KWMNCI
KESO
KWUN
KPLS
KIIP
KEDEM
KPAOY
KRIF
KGICKS
KREF
KTRD
KFRDSOCIRO
KTAO
KJU
KWMNPHUMPRELKPAOZW
KEN
KO
KNEI
KEMR
KKIV
KEAI
KWAC
KRCIM
KWCI
KFIU
KWIC
KCORR
KOMS
KNNO
KPAI
KBWG
KTTB
KTBD
KTIALG
KILS
KFEM
KTDM
KESS
KNUC
KPA
KOMCCO
KCEM
KRCS
KWBGSY
KNPPIS
KNNPMNUC
KWN
KERG
KLTN
KALM
KCCP
KSUMPHUM
KREL
KGH
KLIP
KTLA
KAWK
KWMM
KVRP
KVRC
KAID
KSLG
KDEMK
KX
KIF
KNPR
KCFC
KFTFN
KTFM
KPDD
KCERS
KMOC
KDEMAF
KMEPI
KEMS
KDRM
KEPREL
KBTR
KEDU
KNP
KIRL
KNNR
KMPT
KISLPINR
KTPN
KA
KJUSTH
KPIN
KDEV
KTDD
KAKA
KFRP
KWNM
KTSD
KINL
KJUSKUNR
KWWMN
KECF
KWBC
KPRO
KVBL
KOM
KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG
KEDM
KFLD
KLPM
KRGY
KNNF
KICR
KIFR
KM
KWMNCS
KAWS
KLAP
KPAK
KDDG
KCGC
KID
KNSD
KMPF
KPFO
KDP
KCMR
KRMS
KNPT
KNNNP
KTIAPARM
KDTB
KNUP
KPGOV
KNAP
KNNC
KUK
KSRE
KREISLER
KIVP
KQ
KTIAEUN
KPALAOIS
KRM
KISLAO
KWM
KFLOA
LE
LU
LH
LA
LG
LO
LY
LANTERN
LI
LABOR
LORAN
LTTE
LT
LAS
LAB
LAW
LVPR
LARREA
LEBIK
LAURA
LS
LOTT
LOVE
LR
LEON
LAVIN
LGAT
LV
LAOS
LOG
LN
LB
MOPS
MO
MARR
ML
MASS
MZ
MR
MNUC
MX
MV
MCC
MY
MEDIA
MTCRE
MG
MCAP
MOPPS
MP
MI
MK
MC
MD
MA
MU
MASC
MW
MT
MEPP
MN
MTCR
MH
MEPI
MIL
MNUCPTEREZ
MMAR
MICHAEL
MUNC
MDC
MPOS
MONUC
MAR
MGMT
MAS
MEPN
MENDIETA
MARIA
MONTENEGRO
MOOPS
MSG
MARITIME
MURRAY
MUKASEY
MOTO
MCA
MFO
MEX
MRSEC
MMED
MACP
MAAR
MINUSTAH
MCCONNELL
MAPP
MGT
MARQUEZ
MANUEL
MNUR
MCCAIN
MF
MOHAMMAD
MOHAMED
MNU
MFA
MILITANTS
MINORITIES
MTS
MLS
MILI
MIAH
MEETINGS
MERCOSUR
MED
MARAD
MNVC
MINURSO
MNUCUN
MIK
MARK
MBM
MPP
MILITARY
MAPS
MNUK
MILA
MTRRE
MACEDONIA
MICHEL
MASSMNUC
MUCN
MQADHAFI
MPS
MARRGH
MRCRE
MTRE
MORALES
MAP
MCTRE
MHUC
MOPSGRPARM
MOROCCO
MCAPS
NL
NU
NS
NI
NPT
NATO
NO
NG
NATEU
NSF
NZ
NAS
NP
NDP
NLD
NGO
NEPAD
NAFTA
NASA
NEA
NGUYEN
NIH
NK
NIPP
NONE
NR
NANCY
NEGROPONTE
NRR
NERG
NSSP
NSG
NSFO
NE
NATSIOS
NFSO
NATIONAL
NTDB
NT
NCD
NTSB
NRC
NELSON
NAM
NH
NPG
NEC
NSC
NFATC
NMFS
NATOIRAQ
NAR
NZUS
NARC
NCCC
NA
NC
NEW
NRG
NUIN
NOVO
NATOPREL
NEY
NV
NICHOLAS
NPA
NW
NARCOTICS
NORAD
NOAA
NON
NTTC
NKNNP
NMNUC
NUMBERING
ODIP
OIIP
OPRC
OSCE
OREP
OTRA
OPET
OSCI
OVIP
OECD
OCII
OUALI
OPDC
OEXC
OFPD
OPIC
OFDP
OPCW
OECV
OAS
OM
OMIG
ODAG
OPREP
ORA
OIC
OEXCSCULKPAO
OIG
OASS
OFFICIALS
ORTA
OSAC
OIL
OIE
OEXP
OPEC
OPDAT
OMS
OES
OHI
OMAR
OCRA
OFSO
OCBD
OSTA
OAO
ONA
OTP
ORC
OAU
OXEC
OA
ODPC
OPDP
OVIPPRELUNGANU
OASC
OSHA
OPCD
OTR
OPPI
OPCR
OF
OFDPQIS
OSIC
OHUM
OSTRA
OASCC
OBSP
OFDA
OPICEAGR
OIM
OGAC
OTA
OTRAORP
OPPC
OESC
OCEA
OVP
ON
OPAD
OTAR
OCS
ODC
OTRD
OCED
OSD
ORUE
OREG
PHUM
PINR
PTER
PGOV
PREL
PREF
PL
PM
PHSA
PE
PARM
PINS
PK
PUNE
PO
PALESTINIAN
PU
PBTS
PROP
PTBS
POL
POLI
PA
PGOVZI
POLMIL
POLITICAL
PARTIES
POLM
PD
POLITICS
POLICY
PAS
PMIL
PINT
PNAT
PV
PKO
PPOL
PERSONS
PING
PBIO
PH
PETR
PARMS
PRES
PCON
PETERS
PRELBR
PT
PLAB
PP
PAK
PDEM
PKPA
PSOCI
PF
PLO
PTERM
PJUS
PSOE
PELOSI
PROPERTY
PGOVPREL
PARP
PRL
PNIR
PHUMKPAL
PG
PREZ
PGIC
PBOV
PAO
PKK
PROV
PHSAK
PHUMPREL
PROTECTION
PGOVBL
PSI
PRELPK
PGOVENRG
PUM
PRELKPKO
PATTY
PSOC
PRIVATIZATION
PRELSP
PGOVEAIDUKNOSWGMHUCANLLHFRSPITNZ
PMIG
PREC
PAIGH
PROG
PSHA
PARK
PETER
POG
PHUS
PPREL
PS
PTERPREL
PRELPGOV
POV
PKPO
PGOVECON
POUS
PGOVPRELPHUMPREFSMIGELABEAIDKCRMKWMN
PWBG
PMAR
PREM
PAR
PNR
PRELPGOVEAIDECONEINVBEXPSCULOIIPBTIO
PARMIR
PGOVGM
PHUH
PARTM
PN
PRE
PTE
PY
POLUN
PPEL
PDOV
PGOVSOCI
PIRF
PGOVPM
PBST
PRELEVU
PGOR
PBTSRU
PRM
PRELKPAOIZ
PGVO
PERL
PGOC
PAGR
PMIN
PHUMR
PVIP
PPD
PGV
PRAM
PINL
PKPAL
PTERE
PGOF
PINO
PHAS
PODC
PRHUM
PHUMA
PREO
PPA
PEPFAR
PGO
PRGOV
PAC
PRESL
PORG
PKFK
PEPR
PRELP
PREFA
PNG
PGOVPHUMKPAO
PRELECON
PINOCHET
PFOR
PGOVLO
PHUMBA
PRELC
PREK
PHUME
PHJM
POLINT
PGOVPZ
PGOVKCRM
PGOVE
PHALANAGE
PARTY
PECON
PEACE
PROCESS
PLN
PRELSW
PAHO
PEDRO
PRELA
PASS
PPAO
PGPV
PNUM
PCUL
PGGV
PSA
PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA
PGIV
PRFE
POGOV
PEL
PBT
PAMQ
PINF
PSEPC
POSTS
PHUMPGOV
PVOV
PHSAPREL
PROLIFERATION
PENA
PRELTBIOBA
PIN
PRELL
PGOVPTER
PHAM
PHYTRP
PTEL
PTERPGOV
PHARM
PROTESTS
PRELAF
PKBL
PRELKPAO
PKNP
PARMP
PHUML
PFOV
PERM
PUOS
PRELGOV
PHUMPTER
PARAGRAPH
PERURENA
PBTSEWWT
PCI
PETROL
PINSO
PINSCE
PQL
PEREZ
PBS
RS
REFUGEES
RW
RP
RELFREE
RO
REGIONAL
RIGHTS
REACTION
REPORT
RU
RENAMO
RIGHTSPOLMIL
REFORM
RM
REFUGEE
REL
RELATIONS
ROW
RREL
REGION
RATIFICATION
RBI
RICE
ROOD
RODENAS
RUIZ
RODHAM
ROBERT
RGY
ROY
REUBEN
RELIGIOUS
RUEHZO
RODRIGUEZ
RUEUN
RELAM
RSP
RF
RSO
RCMP
REO
ROSS
RPTS
RENE
REID
RUPREL
RMA
RI
REMON
RPEL
RFE
RFIN
RA
RAFAEL
RAY
RUS
RPREL
ROBERTG
RECIN
RAMONTEIJELO
SNAR
SP
SN
SMIG
SL
SOCI
SU
SG
SF
SENV
SZ
SOE
SCUL
SY
SO
SR
SYR
SE
SA
SW
SIPDIS
SCIENCE
SADC
SI
SCI
SOCIETY
SC
SAARC
STR
SECRETARY
SANC
SSH
ST
SNA
SGWI
SEP
SOCIS
SETTLEMENTS
SPECIALIST
SK
SHUM
START
STET
SCVL
SREF
SCHUL
SCUIL
SYRIA
SECURITY
SPCE
SYAI
SMIL
SOWGC
STEPHEN
SNRV
SKCA
SENSITIVE
SECI
SNAP
SPP
SCUD
SOM
SPECI
SMIGBG
SENC
SCRM
SGNV
SECTOR
SENVEAGREAIDTBIOECONSOCIXR
SENVSXE
SASIAIN
SACU
SENVSPL
SWMN
STEINBERG
SOPN
SOCR
SCOI
SCRS
SILVASANDE
SWE
SARS
SNARIZ
SUDAN
SENVQGR
SM
SNARKTFN
SAAD
SD
SAN
SIPRNET
STATE
SENS
SUBJECT
SFNV
SECSTATE
SSA
SPCVIS
SOI
SOFA
SCULKPAOECONTU
SPTER
SKSAF
SENVKGHG
SHI
SEVN
SANR
SPSTATE
SMITH
SCOM
SH
SNARCS
SNARN
SIPRS
SNARM
SIPDI
SCPR
SNIG
SELAB
SULLIVAN
SENVENV
SECDEF
SOLIC
SOIC
SPAS
SASC
SOSI
SEC
SEN
SENVCASCEAIDID
TU
TH
TW
TSPA
TRGY
TPHY
TBIO
TIFA
TS
TZ
TX
TSPL
TT
TK
TC
TINT
TERFIN
TERRORISM
TIP
TURKEY
TI
TECHNOLOGY
TNGD
TRSY
TRAFFICKING
TOPEC
TPSL
TP
TD
TR
TA
TIO
TREATY
TO
THPY
TECH
TRADE
TPSA
TG
TAGS
TF
TRAD
THKSJA
TVBIO
TNDG
TN
TBIOZK
TWI
TV
TWL
TRT
TWRO
TSRY
TTPGOV
TAUSCHER
TRBY
TRBIO
TL
TPKO
TIA
TGRY
TSPAM
TREL
TNAR
TBI
TFIN
TPHYPA
TWCH
THOMMA
THOMAS
TERROR
TRY
TBID
TPP
TE
THANH
TJ
TBKIO
UNGA
USUN
UN
UG
UNSC
UK
UP
US
UNCTAD
UNVIE
UNHRC
USTR
UNAMA
UNCRIME
UNESCO
UV
UNDP
UNHCR
UNCSD
UNCHR
UZ
USAID
UNEP
UNO
UNPUOS
UY
UNDC
UNCITRAL
UNAUS
UNCND
UA
UNMIK
USTDA
USEU
USDA
UNICEF
UR
UNFICYP
USNC
USTRRP
UNODC
UNRWA
UNOMIG
USTRPS
USAU
USCC
UNEF
UNGAPL
UNFPA
UNSCE
USSC
UGA
UEU
UNMIC
UNTAC
UNION
UNCLASSIFIED
USPS
UNA
UMIK
USOAS
UNMOVIC
UNFA
UNAIDS
UNCHC
USGS
UNSE
UNRCR
UNTERR
USG
UE
UAE
UNWRA
UNCSW
UNSCR
UNCHS
UNDESCO
UNPAR
UNC
UB
UNSCS
UKXG
UNGACG
UNREST
UNHR
USPTO
UNFCYP
USCG
UNIDROIT
UNSCD
UPU
UNBRO
UNECE
USTRUWR
UNCC
UNESCOSCULPRELPHUMKPALCUIRXFVEKV
VM
VE
VT
VETTING
VN
VZ
VIS
VC
VTPREL
VIP
VTEAID
VTEG
VOA
VA
VTIZ
VANG
VISIT
VO
VENZ
VAT
VI
VEPREL
VEN
WFP
WTO
WHO
WTRO
WBG
WMO
WIPO
WA
WI
WSIS
WHA
WCL
WE
WMN
WEBZ
WS
WAR
WZ
WMD
WW
WILLIAM
WEET
WAEMU
WM
WWBG
WWT
WWARD
WITH
WMDT
WTRQ
WCO
WEU
WALTER
WRTO
WB
WHTI
WBEG
WCI
WEF
WAKI
WHOA
WGC
Browse by classification
Community resources
courage is contagious
Viewing cable 04MADRID720, SPAIN - ANNUAL TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS REPORT - 2004
If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs
Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:
- The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
- The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
- The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.
Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #04MADRID720.
| Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 04MADRID720 | 2004-03-02 16:58 | 2011-08-24 16:30 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Madrid |
This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 07 MADRID 000720
SIPDIS
SENSITIVE
DEPARTMENT FOR G/TIP, G, INL, DRL, PRM, IWI, AND EUR/PGI
DEPARTMENT PASS TO USAID
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: KCRM PHUM KWMN SMIG KFRD ASEC PREF ELAB SP
SUBJECT: SPAIN - ANNUAL TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS REPORT - 2004
REF: STATE 07869
Sensitive But Unclassified. Please Protect Accordingly.
Following is Embassy Madrid input on Spain for the annual
Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Report. Embassy POC is
Political Officer Joseph Babb, tel. (34) 91 587-2294, fax
(34) 91 587-2391. The following text is keyed to the
questions/sections in reftel. Staff hours spent in
preparation of the report includes the following:
Deputy Chief of Mission: 2 hours
Political Counselor - FE-OC: 6 hours
Consul General - FE-OC: 2 hours
Consul General, Barcelona - F0-01: 0.5 hour
Public Affairs Officer - FE-OC: 1 hour
Deputy Political Counselor - FS-02: 8 hours
Political Officer - FS-04: 60 hours
Political Assistant - LES-9: 7 hours
Political Assistant, Barcelona - LES-9: 0.75 hour
Consular Legal Advisor - LES-11: 6 hours
Consular Assistant - LES-8: 7 hours
Dept. of Homeland Security Officer in Charge: 3 hours
Dept. of Homeland Security Asst. Officer in Charge: 3 hours
Political Intern: 8 hours
--------------------------------------------- --------
Spain - 2004 Trafficking in Persons Report Responses
--------------------------------------------- --------
¶18. OVERVIEW
¶A. Spain is a destination and transit country for trafficked
persons. Information on trafficking in persons comes from
the Ministry of Interior (which includes the Civil Guard and
National Police) and an NGO contracted by the government to
provide victims assistance, Project Hope (Proyecto
Esperanza). All sources are generally reliable. The Spanish
National Police (SNP) reports that 1,527 victims of
trafficking in persons were liberated in 2003. The majority
were victims of sexual exploitation. Sexual trafficking in
Spain almost exclusively involves women victims, with no
identifiable reports of male victims and only one reported
case of a minor under 17 years of age. Project Hope reports
that victims they assisted were in the following age ranges:
under 17 yrs - 1%; between 18 and 25 yrs - 70%; between 26
and 30 - 22%; older than 30 yrs - 4%; unknown age - 3%.
According to a victim's profile study by the Spanish National
Police, persons most at risk of being trafficked are young
women with low education and few economic resources, with the
majority (77%) coming from five countries: Romania, Russia,
Brazil, Colombia and Nigeria. Trafficking does occur inside
the country's borders. There are no areas of Spain that are
outside of government control.
¶B. Trafficked victims arrive from three major regions:
Eastern Europe (Romania, Russia, Bulgaria, Ukraine), Latin
America (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador), and sub-Saharan Africa
(Nigeria, Guinea Conakry). Trafficking in Asians, normally
Chinese, is much less frequent, and is divided between those
brought to Spain for work in sweatshops and service
industries and those transiting to the U.S. and Canada.
Spain is a destination point for the majority of persons
trafficked, especially those from Latin America and Eastern
Europe. Some African groups use Spain as a transit country
for travel to France and Germany.
¶C. Overall numbers of victims of sexual exploitation and the
number of arrests for trafficking remained comparable to the
prior period. Of the five major countries of origin, the
only significant change was in the number of victims from
Brazil, which doubled from the prior year.
¶D. The SNP maintains a special unit, the Immigration Networks
and Falsified Documents Unit (UCRIF), that deals with
trafficking in persons, and the UCRIF Intelligence Unit
analyzes trends and statistics year-round. UCRIF also
coordinates efforts and shares data on trafficking with the
Civil Guard and Interpol. Regional SNP offices conduct
reviews every three months to set goals in combating
trafficking and to assess success in meeting goals from the
prior period. The regional units receive financial benefits
from the Ministry of Interior for meeting their goals. Data
available this year, which was not existent last year,
includes a comprehensive report from the UCRIF Intelligence
Unit, which includes 2003 arrest statistics, victims
statistics, victim profile, legal codes used in prosecuting
trafficking, information on cooperative efforts and
inter-ministerial programs, and maps of major routes used by
international trafficking rings for trafficking into Spain.
Development of this comprehensive assessment on the nature
and extent of trafficking in and through Spain was a specific
goal set by G/TIP for the Spanish government. Also available
this year was a November 2003 report from the University of
Deusto on trafficking in persons in Spain.
¶E. Victims are trafficked into Spain for both sexual
exploitation (most frequently involving prostitution and work
in nude dancing and alternative clubs) and labor exploitation
(primarily agricultural, construction, and domestic
employment). Methods used by traffickers to maintain control
of their victims include physical abuse, forced use of drugs,
withholding of travel documents, and threats to the victim's
family.
¶F. Spain is generally not a country of origin for
trafficking.
¶G. There is political will at the highest levels to combat
trafficking and the government makes a good faith effort to
seriously address trafficking. The second-ranking official
in the Ministry of Interior coordinates anti-trafficking
efforts. Anti-trafficking efforts also receive support from
the Office of the President, Ministry of Labor and Social
Services, the Ministry of Justice, and the Ministry of
Education. There were no instances reported of government
officials involved in trafficking. Though government
corruption is not a problem in Spain, isolated instances of
official misconduct have been aggressively prosecuted in the
past. No cases of government corruption were reported this
year. The government commits resources from the Civil Guard
and police authorities to control borders and investigate
trafficking activities, and commits resources from the
Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Labor and Social
Services to prosecute violators, inspect workplaces, and
assist victims. The government also funds NGO groups who
provide assistance to victims.
¶H. There were no instances of government officials
facilitating or condoning trafficking, taking bribes, or in
any way assisting in trafficking operations.
¶I. Willingness of victims to press charges remains the main
limitation in combating trafficking. This is despite Spanish
provisions for witness protection and availability of visas
for those who testify against trafficking rings. No
limitations exist in funding for police or other governmental
institutions, nor was corruption a problem. Project Hope,
the principal NGO contracted for victim assistance, reports
that current year funding from the government was increased,
and that they have no funding limitations for their programs.
¶J. The National Police's UCRIF Intelligence Unit maintains
ongoing monitoring of trafficking trends, and statistics.
Regional SNP units review their anti-trafficking efforts
every three months and receive financial benefits for
achieving goals. The SNP and Civil Guard participate in
ongoing coordination and data-sharing with the Interpol and
Europol, and the Ministry of Interior coordinates and
evaluates anti-trafficking efforts inside the Spanish
government. Information on anti-trafficking efforts,
statistics and trends are available publicly through the SNP
and Civil Guard.
¶K. Prostitution, in itself, is decriminalized in Spain.
However, as of September 30, 2003, it is illegal for anyone
to profit from prostitution other than the actual prostitute.
This law makes it illegal for pimps or brothels to receive
money from the prostitute's activities, even if the
prostitute consents to it. Also, as part of a joint City of
Madrid and Ministry of Labor and Social Services
anti-prostitution educational campaign launched in January
2004, the Madrid city government announced it was studying a
system of fines and jail sentences for clients of
prostitution, using the Swedish system as an example.
Spanish law prohibits involvement of minors in prostitution
(under age 18), and prohibits activities associated with
trafficking in persons, including the use of force, violence,
threats or fraud for sexual exploitation. Prison sentences
for the latter offenses are specified as 5 to 10 years, with
12 to 15 year sentences possible for aggravating
circumstances. These sentences are higher than the previous
year, as in September 2003 the Spanish Senate passed a
tougher anti-trafficking law. Passage of this law was one of
the specific goals set out in G/TIP's objectives for Spain.
¶L. There were no reports of the buying or selling of child
brides in Spain.
¶19. PREVENTION
¶A. The government acknowledges that trafficking is a problem
and takes measures to address the problem.
¶B. Spain commits resources of the Ministry of Interior (SNP
and Civil Guard), Ministry of Labor and Social Services,
Ministry of Justice, Ministry of Education, Ministry of
Culture and Sports, Ministry of Public Administration, and
the Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs. Spain also
funds several NGO groups that provide assistance to victims
of trafficking.
¶C. Spain sponsors programs to educate women victims of
violence about social services and to encourage women to
report instances to the police and to press charges. Project
Hope reports that 89% of women that they assist now press
criminal charges, a rate which is much higher than that
associated with victims of labor exploitation, which remains
minimal. In January, the Madrid city government, in
conjunction with the Ministry of Labor and Social Services,
announced the beginning of an anti-prostitution and
anti-trafficking in women education campaign that will target
the clients of prostitutes.
¶D. The government supports programs to increase employment
opportunities for women. NGOs funded by the government
provide work training and job placement services for women
liberated from trafficking rings to give them an alternative
to returning to prostitution.
¶E. Governmental agencies and victim assistance NGOs report
that funding resources are sufficient to operate their
programs.
¶F. NGO representatives report that they have good and open
relationships with governmental agencies and officials.
Project Hope reports that it cooperates well with the Spanish
National Police, is actively informed of victims of
trafficking, and is included in trafficking in persons
training programs for recruits at the SNP's academy in Avila.
¶G. The government adequately monitors its borders, especially
committing resources to the Civil Guard to patrol its sea
borders, where illegal immigration is particularly dangerous
due to hazardous crossings of open ocean and Straights of
Gibraltar sea-lanes. The SNP and Civil Guard both monitor
immigration patterns for evidence of trafficking. Both
agencies respond appropriately to evidence, with cooperation
between the Civil Guard and Embassy DHS Immigration Service
personnel being especially good.
¶H. The Ministry of Interior coordinates anti-trafficking
efforts and maintains workgroups for the coordination of SNP
and Civil Guard activities. Both the SNP and the Civil Guard
also participate in coordination and data sharing workgroups
with Interpol and Europol. Public sector corruption is not
generally a problem in Spain, and anti-corruption
investigations would be processed through normal law
enforcement and judicial agencies.
¶I. The government coordinates the anti-trafficking activity
of its law enforcement agencies with Interpol, Europol, and
EU illegal-immigration working groups. Spain also has
cooperative agreements with many North African and
Sub-Saharan African nations. Spain has provided
French-language training to high-level SNP officials to aid
in cooperation with countries in French-speaking Africa. The
SNP has actively sought Embassy, RSO, and FBI Legal Attach
assistance in finding contacts in African nations to share
intelligence related to trafficking-in-persons and
illegal-immigration routes and criminal organizations in
sub-Saharan Africa. Spain participates in EU and Schengen
Group cooperative efforts to combat trafficking from Eastern
Europe, particularly with those countries set to join the EU
in May. Increasing bilateral cooperation with source
countries was a specific goal in G/TIP objectives for Spain,
and the increased focus on countries of origin is evident.
Of special note, in response to requests by G/TIP in the
summer of 2003, officials of both the SNP and Civil Guard
offered their assistance to specifically investigate a report
of isolated instances of trafficking in persons originating
from Latvia. Embassy also transmitted these offers of
assistance.
¶J. The government has a National Immigration Plan that
addresses combating illegal immigration into Spain, which is
a major component in preventing trafficking. The Ministry of
Interior coordinates anti-trafficking efforts within
workgroups involving its law enforcement agencies, the
Ministry of Labor and Social Services, the Ministry of
Justice, Interpol, Europol, and NGOs responsible for victim
assistance. NGOs report that the government consults with
them in coordinating programs, and the principle NGO, Project
Hope, is included in anti-trafficking training for law
enforcement officers. Plans, analyses, and statistics are
available through the SNP and Civil Guard.
¶K. The Ministry of Interior takes the lead in directing
anti-trafficking efforts.
¶20. INVESTIGATION AND PROSECUTION OF TRAFFICKERS
¶A. Spain has specific laws to prohibit trafficking in persons
and other activities related to sexual and labor
exploitation. These laws are applied in practice and are
adequate to cover the full scope of trafficking in persons.
The law prohibits trafficking in persons from, through, or to
Spain. The law also prohibits trafficking in workers; sexual
exploitation involving violence, intimidation or fraud; the
sexual exploitation of minors, including use for prostitution
or pornography; forging or certifying false government
documents; and illicit association with trafficking in
persons networks. The Organic Law for Specific Measures
Related to Citizen Security, Domestic Violence and the Social
Integration of Foreigners was passed by the Spanish Senate in
September 2003. This section of the Organic Law increased
the penalties for trafficking in persons (from 2 to 4 years
previously, to the current 5 to 10 years) and other
activities related to trafficking, such as trafficking for
sexual exploitation, the use of threats, violence or fraud,
the involvement of minors, or the placing of the victim's
life in danger (these latter offences increasing the penalty
to 6 to 12 years). Passage of this law was a specific goal
for Spain in the country objectives set by G/TIP last summer.
¶B. The penalty for trafficking in persons for sexual
exploitation is 5 to 10 years in prison, increasing to 6 to
12 years if aggravating circumstances are present. The
penalty for trafficking in persons for labor exploitation is
2 to 5 years and a fine.
¶C. The penalty for rape is 6 to 12 years in prison,
increasing to a possible 15 years with aggravating
circumstances. The penalty for sexual assault is 1 to 4
years in prison, increasing to 4 to 10 years with aggravating
circumstances.
¶D. The SNP reports a total of 677 trafficking networks
dismantled, with 2,028 responsible individuals arrested in
¶2003. Sentencing guidelines call for 5 to 10 years in
prison, with an increase to 6 to 12 years with aggravating
circumstances. Detailed data of individual sentences are
recorded at the local and regional jurisdiction levels, and
the Spanish General Council of the Judiciary is tabulating
these records to provide the Embassy statistics on sentencing
for trafficking crimes. This effort should be completed
shortly. The Embassy's Locally Employed Staff lawyer in the
Consular Section conducted a sampling of individual
sentencing records that are available on an Internet site for
Spanish legal professionals. All records sampled were
covered by the pre-September 2003 sentencing guidelines of 2
to 4 years, and showed an average sentence of three years for
trafficking offences. Once sentenced, Spanish prisoners must
generally serve 75% of their sentences before being eligible
for parole.
¶E. Trafficking into Spain is generally controlled by
organized criminal gangs, who are especially prevalent in
trafficking for sexual exploitation. The largest such groups
are Romanian criminal organizations that traffic prostitutes,
often luring victims with false offers of employment.
Victims and the criminal organizations that traffic them are
generally of the same nationality. There were no reports of
involvement by Spanish government officials, and government
corruption is not a problem in Spain. Profits from
trafficking both stay with the traffickers in Spain and are
channeled back to associates of the same criminal
organization in the country of origin.
¶F. The government actively investigates cases of trafficking.
Law enforcement agencies are permitted by law, and use in
practice, active investigative techniques such as phone taps,
undercover operations and surveillance activities.
¶G. The government provides specialized
anti-trafficking-in-persons training to law enforcement
agencies. Training is provided to recruits at the Spanish
National Police Academy in Avila, and is also mandatory for
candidates for promotion to the inspector level. The NGO
Project Hope has been involved in teaching courses on
trafficking in persons and victims assistance at the SNP
Academy.
¶H. Spain cooperates with several countries of origin, as well
as with the EU, Interpol and Europol, to investigate
trafficking cases. The SNP reports that in 2003, they
cooperated in investigations in countries of origin that
resulted in the arrests of 303 individuals and the
dismantling of 194 organized trafficking networks.
¶I. The government can extradite persons charged with
trafficking, including its own nationals. Spanish officials
identified seven extraditions for trafficking-related
offences this period (three Romanians, and one each from
Lithuania, Albania, Ukraine, and the Czech Republic).
¶J. There is no evidence of government involvement in
trafficking or tolerance of trafficking at any level of the
government.
¶K. There were no cases of government officials involved with
trafficking in persons this period.
¶L. The government has ratified all of the mentioned
instruments. Dates of ratification are:
ILO Convention 182 - April 2, 2001
ILO Convention 29 - August 29, 1932
ILO Convention 105 - November 6, 1967
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the
Child - December 18, 2001
Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in
Persons, Especially Women and Children - March 1, 2002
¶21. PROTECTION AND ASSISTANCE TO VICTIMS
¶A. The government provides assistance to trafficking victims.
Medical attention is provided through the national health
care system. The government funds various NGOs to provide
shelter, counseling and psychological assistance, legal
assistance, job training, placement and reinsertion services,
and assistance in obtaining visas that are available for
victims who testify against traffickers. The primary
assistance NGO, Project Hope, reports that financing by the
government was increased this year and that its funding is
sufficient to implement their programs. Providing additional
support for comprehensive victims assistance services was a
specific goal set in the G/TIP objectives for Spain last
summer. With increased funding this year, Project Hope
reports that problems with providing victims services at peak
volumes, which had been a problem in previous years, has been
resolved for this 2003-2004 period. HIV/AIDS tests are
provided to trafficking victims. Project Hope reports that
there is a low percentage of positive tests.
¶B. The government funds NGOs to provide the majority of
victim assistance services. NGOs submit annual proposals for
services to the government and receive yearly grants to fund
those proposals.
¶C. Trafficking victims are referred directly from the SNP and
Civil Guard to Project Hope, or other NGOs in areas not
served by Project Hope.
¶D. Trafficking victims who agree to cooperate in the
prosecution of traffickers receive special treatment and are
processed separately from the criminal population. Those who
fulfill promises to testify are eligible for visas to stay in
Spain, and the victim assistance NGOs aid those individuals
in applying for visas. Those victims who choose not to
cooperate are repatriated, which must legally occur within 40
days. Project Hope provides those waiting for repatriation
with all their normal services, except for the visa
application aid. Victims who testify do not face prosecution
for prostitution, and can have their immigration status
normalized by means of the previously described visas.
¶E. The government actively encourages victims to assist in
the investigation and prosecution of traffickers. Victims
may seek legal action against traffickers and receive
restitution from them, though this process is combined with
the criminal prosecution, not in a separate civil suit as in
the United States. Government-funded NGOs provide legal
assistance to victims and no impediments to access to legal
redress were reported. Victims testifying against an
employer may seek visas that allow for employment in Spain.
There is a victims restitution program.
¶F. The government may provide witness protection in the form
of allowing witnesses to remain anonymous, detailing police
escorts and providing economic assistance. The government
provides these protections in practice to victims the
presiding judge determines to be at risk.
¶G. The government provides specialized training (in both
recognition of trafficking and in victim assistance) to law
enforcement officers at the academy recruit level, and again
for candidates for promotion to inspector. Project Hope is
involved in the recruit training, which is held at the SNP
Academy in Avila. The chief and deputy-chief of the SNP's
UCRIF Unit have been involved in the training for the
inspector candidates. Spain provides financial and
repatriation assistance to its citizens at its embassies and
consulates; however, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs'
Consular Division reports that they have never received
reports of Spaniards becoming victims of trafficking rings
overseas. Spain is almost exclusively a destination country
for trafficking. The SNP does consult with Spanish embassies
and consulates on trafficking in persons investigations.
¶H. The government provides for medical assistance, economic
assistance and repatriation for its citizens through Spanish
embassies and consulates, however, the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs says it is not aware of Spanish citizens becoming
victims of trafficking.
¶I. NGOs are funded by the government to provide victims
assistance, including shelter, legal aid, counseling and
psychological assistance, and job training, placement and
reinsertion services. NGOs funded include Project Hope, the
Association for Attention, Prevention and Reinsertion of
Women Prostitutes (APRAMP), the Voluntary Association of
Dominican Mothers (VOMADE), Association for Cooperation in
the South-the Segovias (ACSUR), Association of Raped Women,
General Association in Defense of the Rights of Prostitutes
(HETAIRA), Villa Teresita Safe House, CARITAS, the Red Cross,
and Hermanos Oblatas. The main NGO contractor, Project Hope,
reports that the NGOs cooperate fully with both the SNP and
the Civil Guard.
ARGYROS