Keep Us Strong WikiLeaks logo

Currently released so far... 97115 / 251,287

Articles

Browse latest releases

Browse by creation date

Browse by origin

A B C D F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

Browse by tag

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
ETRD EAGR ETTC EAID ECON EFIN ECIN EINV ELAB EAIR ENRG EPET EWWT ECPS EIND EMIN ELTN EC ETMIN EUC EZ ET ELECTIONS ENVR EU EUN EG EINT ER ECONOMICS ES EMS ENIV EEB EN ECE ECOSOC EK ENVIRONMENT EFIS EI EWT ENGRD ECPSN EXIM EIAD ERIN ECPC EDEV ENGY ECTRD EPA ESTH ECCT EINVECON ENGR ERTD EUR EAP EWWC ELTD EL EXIMOPIC EXTERNAL ETRDEC ESCAP ECO EGAD ELNT ECONOMIC ENV ETRN EIAR EUMEM ENRGPARMOTRASENVKGHGPGOVECONTSPLEAID EREL ECOM ECONETRDEAGRJA ETCC ETRG ECONOMY EMED ETR ENERG EITC EFINOECD EURM EENG ERA EXPORT ENRD ECONEINVETRDEFINELABETRDKTDBPGOVOPIC EGEN EBRD EVIN ETRAD ECOWAS EFTA ECONETRDBESPAR EGOVSY EPIN EID ECONENRG EDRC ESENV ETT EB ENER ELTNSNAR ECHEVARRIA ETRC EPIT EDUC ESA EFI ENRGY ESCI EE EAIDXMXAXBXFFR EETC ECIP EIAID EIVN EBEXP ESTN EING EGOV ETRA EPETEIND ELAN ETRDGK EAIDRW ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS EPEC ENVI ELN EAG EPCS EPRT EPTED ETRB EUM EAIDS EFIC EFINECONEAIDUNGAGM EAIDAR ESF EIDN ELAM EDU EV EAIDAF ECN EDA EXBS EINTECPS ENRGTRGYETRDBEXPBTIOSZ EPREL EAC EINVEFIN ETA EAGER EINDIR ECA ECLAC ELAP EITI EUCOM ECONEFINETRDPGOVEAGRPTERKTFNKCRMEAID EARG ELDIN EINVKSCA ENNP EFINECONCS EFINTS ECCP ETC EAIRASECCASCID EINN ETRP EAIDNI EFQ ECOQKPKO EGPHUM EBUD ECONEINVEFINPGOVIZ ENERGY ELB EINDETRD EMI ECONEFIN EIB EURN ETRDEINVTINTCS EIN EFIM ETIO ELAINE EMN EATO EWTR EIPR EINVETC ETTD ETDR EIQ ECONCS EPPD ENRGIZ EISL ESPINOSA ELEC EAIG ESLCO EUREM ENTG ERD EINVECONSENVCSJA EEPET EUNCH ECINECONCS ETRO ETRDECONWTOCS ECUN EFND EPECO EAIRECONRP ERGR ETRDPGOV ECPN ENRGMO EPWR EET EAIS EAGRE EDUARDO EAGRRP EAIDPHUMPRELUG EICN ECONQH EVN EGHG ELBR EINF EAIDHO EENV ETEX ERNG ED
KMDR KPAO KPKO KJUS KCRM KGHG KFRD KWMN KDEM KTFN KHIV KGIC KIDE KSCA KNNP KHUM KIPR KSUM KISL KIRF KCOR KRCM KPAL KWBG KN KS KOMC KSEP KFLU KPWR KTIA KSEO KMPI KHLS KICC KSTH KMCA KVPR KPRM KE KU KZ KFLO KSAF KTIP KTEX KBCT KOCI KOLY KOR KAWC KACT KUNR KTDB KSTC KLIG KSKN KNN KCFE KCIP KGHA KHDP KPOW KUNC KDRL KV KPREL KCRS KPOL KRVC KRIM KGIT KWIR KT KIRC KOMO KRFD KUWAIT KG KFIN KSCI KTFIN KFTN KGOV KPRV KSAC KGIV KCRIM KPIR KSOC KBIO KW KGLB KMWN KPO KFSC KSEAO KSTCPL KSI KPRP KREC KFPC KUNH KCSA KMRS KNDP KR KICCPUR KPPAO KCSY KTBT KCIS KNEP KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KNNB KGCC KINR KPOP KMFO KENV KNAR KVIR KDRG KDMR KFCE KNAO KDEN KGCN KICA KIMMITT KMCC KLFU KMSG KSEC KUM KCUL KMNP KSMT KCOM KOMCSG KSPR KPMI KRAD KIND KCRP KAUST KWAWC KTER KCHG KRDP KPAS KITA KTSC KPAOPREL KWGB KIRP KJUST KMIG KLAB KTFR KSEI KSTT KAPO KSTS KLSO KWNN KPOA KHSA KNPP KPAONZ KBTS KWWW KY KJRE KPAOKMDRKE KCRCM KSCS KWMNCI KESO KWUN KPLS KIIP KEDEM KPAOY KRIF KGICKS KREF KTRD KFRDSOCIRO KTAO KJU KWMNPHUMPRELKPAOZW KEN KO KNEI KEMR KKIV KEAI KWAC KRCIM KWCI KFIU KWIC KCORR KOMS KNNO KPAI KBWG KTTB KTBD KTIALG KILS KFEM KTDM KESS KNUC KPA KOMCCO KCEM KRCS KWBGSY KNPPIS KNNPMNUC KWN KERG KLTN KALM KCCP KSUMPHUM KREL KGH KLIP KTLA KAWK KWMM KVRP KVRC KAID KSLG KDEMK KX KIF KNPR KCFC KFTFN KTFM KPDD KCERS KMOC KDEMAF KMEPI KEMS KDRM KEPREL KBTR KEDU KNP KIRL KNNR KMPT KISLPINR KTPN KA KJUSTH KPIN KDEV KTDD KAKA KFRP KWNM KTSD KINL KJUSKUNR KWWMN KECF KWBC KPRO KVBL KOM KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KEDM KFLD KLPM KRGY KNNF KICR KIFR KM KWMNCS KAWS KLAP KPAK KDDG KCGC KID KNSD KMPF KPFO KDP KCMR KRMS KNPT KNNNP KTIAPARM KDTB KNUP KPGOV KNAP KNNC KUK KSRE KREISLER KIVP KQ KTIAEUN KPALAOIS KRM KISLAO KWM KFLOA
PHUM PINR PTER PGOV PREL PREF PL PM PHSA PE PARM PINS PK PUNE PO PALESTINIAN PU PBTS PROP PTBS POL POLI PA PGOVZI POLMIL POLITICAL PARTIES POLM PD POLITICS POLICY PAS PMIL PINT PNAT PV PKO PPOL PERSONS PING PBIO PH PETR PARMS PRES PCON PETERS PRELBR PT PLAB PP PAK PDEM PKPA PSOCI PF PLO PTERM PJUS PSOE PELOSI PROPERTY PGOVPREL PARP PRL PNIR PHUMKPAL PG PREZ PGIC PBOV PAO PKK PROV PHSAK PHUMPREL PROTECTION PGOVBL PSI PRELPK PGOVENRG PUM PRELKPKO PATTY PSOC PRIVATIZATION PRELSP PGOVEAIDUKNOSWGMHUCANLLHFRSPITNZ PMIG PREC PAIGH PROG PSHA PARK PETER POG PHUS PPREL PS PTERPREL PRELPGOV POV PKPO PGOVECON POUS PGOVPRELPHUMPREFSMIGELABEAIDKCRMKWMN PWBG PMAR PREM PAR PNR PRELPGOVEAIDECONEINVBEXPSCULOIIPBTIO PARMIR PGOVGM PHUH PARTM PN PRE PTE PY POLUN PPEL PDOV PGOVSOCI PIRF PGOVPM PBST PRELEVU PGOR PBTSRU PRM PRELKPAOIZ PGVO PERL PGOC PAGR PMIN PHUMR PVIP PPD PGV PRAM PINL PKPAL PTERE PGOF PINO PHAS PODC PRHUM PHUMA PREO PPA PEPFAR PGO PRGOV PAC PRESL PORG PKFK PEPR PRELP PREFA PNG PGOVPHUMKPAO PRELECON PINOCHET PFOR PGOVLO PHUMBA PRELC PREK PHUME PHJM POLINT PGOVPZ PGOVKCRM PGOVE PHALANAGE PARTY PECON PEACE PROCESS PLN PRELSW PAHO PEDRO PRELA PASS PPAO PGPV PNUM PCUL PGGV PSA PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA PGIV PRFE POGOV PEL PBT PAMQ PINF PSEPC POSTS PHUMPGOV PVOV PHSAPREL PROLIFERATION PENA PRELTBIOBA PIN PRELL PGOVPTER PHAM PHYTRP PTEL PTERPGOV PHARM PROTESTS PRELAF PKBL PRELKPAO PKNP PARMP PHUML PFOV PERM PUOS PRELGOV PHUMPTER PARAGRAPH PERURENA PBTSEWWT PCI PETROL PINSO PINSCE PQL PEREZ PBS

Browse by classification

Community resources

courage is contagious

Viewing cable 03HANOI725, March 12-14 US-Vietnam Aviation Negotiations

If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs

Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:
  • The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
  • The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
  • The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.
To understand the justification used for the classification of each cable, please use this WikiSource article as reference.

Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #03HANOI725.
Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
03HANOI725 2003-03-25 07:43 2011-08-25 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Hanoi
This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 HANOI 000725 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
 
STATE ALSO FOR EAP/BCLTV, AND EB/TRA 
TRANSPORTATION FOR EOPPLER, DMODESITT AND CTOURTELLOT 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: EAIR EINV PREL VM
SUBJECT: March 12-14 US-Vietnam Aviation Negotiations 
 
1. (U) Sensitive but unclassified protect accordingly. 
 
2. (SBU) Summary: Substantial progress was made during 
civair negotiations March 12-14 with the Civil Aviation 
Administration of Vietnam (CAAV) on a limited bilateral 
aviation agreement. The Vietnamese accepted elements of the 
model U.S. Open Skies text and were willing to grant 
significant route, capacity, and operational rights. They 
withheld, however, France, Japan and Korea from the U.S. 
passenger route description, and restricted important 
regional fifth freedom rights for passenger and cargo 
services, thus severely limiting, if not eliminating, the 
commercially viable options for U.S. carriers wishing to 
implement service to Vietnam. Addressing these critical 
restrictions will be the focus of the next round of 
discussions to be held in Washington, probably in late June. 
End Summary. 
 
Productive Talks 
---------------- 
 
3. (U) A delegation of State and Transportation Department 
officials, headed by State Aviation Negotiations Deputy 
Director Laura Faux-Gable, and U.S. private sector 
representatives met March 12-14 in Hanoi with a Vietnamese 
delegation including representatives of the Civil Aviation 
Administration of Vietnam (CAAV), the Office of the 
Government (Prime Minister's office), the Ministries of 
Transportation and Foreign Affairs, and Vietnam Airlines to 
negotiate a bilateral air services agreement. The Vietnamese 
delegation was headed by Mr. Pham Vu Hien, Deputy Director 
General of the Civil Aviation Authority of Vietnam (CAAV). 
 
4. (SBU) The negotiations were productive, breaking the 
deadlock that had characterized the conclusion of the 
previous rounds of talks, held in August of 2000 in 
Washington, D.C., and in Hanoi in 1998. During the earlier 
Washington round in particular, the Vietnamese had objected 
to nearly every element of the U.S. Open Skies agreement, 
and had stressed repeatedly that Vietnam was not ready for 
open-skies.  This round, Hien opened the talks by agreeing 
in principle to a good number of the U.S. open-skies 
provisions, thus signaling a change in Vietnamese policy and 
setting a positive tone for the subsequent discussions. 
 
5. (SBU) CAAV's Hien opened the negotiations by indicating 
that the GVN considers conclusion of an air services 
agreement with the U.S. important to the process of full 
economic normalization between the two countries.  Vietnam 
initially proposed an agreement under which the U.S. would 
open its market to Vietnam immediately while Vietnam would 
phase in U.S. carriers' access over a ten-year period. 
(NOTE: Hien was probably basing his proposal on the model of 
the Bilateral Trade Agreement which phases in Vietnam's 
obligations but gave them immediate access to the U.S. 
market.) Such a long phase-in period is unprecedented in 
U.S. civair agreements, and the U.S. chair countered that a 
shorter-term agreement as a transition toward an eventual 
Open Skies agreement would be more appropriate in light of 
rapidly changing developments in the aviation industry.  The 
U.S. side then tabled a proposal for limited liberalization, 
which the Vietnamese delegation reviewed and, after 
deliberation, used as a basis for a counterproposal. This 
counterproposal included most of the Vietnamese delegation's 
substantive concessions, a description of which is provided 
below. 
 
6. (SBU) After discussion of substantive issues, the 
delegations spent the second day reviewing each article of 
the U.S. model Open Skies agreement, which Vietnam had 
agreed to use, with modifications in an annex, as a basic 
text for an air services agreement. During the course of 
this discussion, certain Vietnamese concerns were raised and 
alternative wordings offered. A copy of the air services 
agreement was prepared with bracketed text indicating 
wording that requires policy and legal review on both sides. 
 
7. (U) The negotiations ended with the signing of a 
Memorandum of Consultations, which included in its 
appendices the bracketed air services agreement and a copy 
of each side's proposal for liberalization.  The MOC 
expressed the intent to resume negotiations in the second 
quarter of 2003.  Informal discussion with the Vietnamese 
delegation suggested that the next meeting would likely be 
in late June in Washington. 
 
The Bottom Line 
--------------- 
 
8. (SBU) The Vietnamese offered the following rights to U.S. 
carriers: 
 
- Two designations for passenger carriers in years one and 
two, a third carrier in year three and enough frequencies 
for each to operate daily service. 
 
- Unlimited cargo capacity but with restrictions on critical 
fifth freedom rights 
 
- Double disapproval pricing for cargo and country-of-origin 
pricing for passenger. 
 
- Unlimited bilateral, same-country, and third-country 
codesharing. 
 
- Some of the standard open-skies operational and other 
provisions, including self-handling, full change-of-gauge, 
CRS, security, and safety. In other areas, most notably user 
charges and fair competition, differences remain to be 
resolved. 
 
9. (SBU) Despite these concessions, the significant 
restrictions on route and traffic rights in the Vietnamese 
offer may be impediments to completing an agreement if not 
resolved in the second round of discussions. Specifically, 
the Vietnamese proposal excludes from the U.S. route points 
in Japan, France, and Korea, and withholds fifth freedom 
rights from points in Taiwan, and, in the first two years, 
from Hong Kong. (During the course of the negotiations, the 
Vietnamese first withheld fifth freedom from Hong Kong 
altogether, then granted it, then settled on withholding it 
for two years).  While most U.S. cargo carriers were 
generally willing to accept the Vietnamese offer, United and 
Northwest, the two U.S. carriers with extensive   Pacific 
operations, were adamant that without fifth freedom rights 
from Tokyo, they could not and would not implement direct 
service. Thus, the issue of fifths from Japan will be 
central to the next round of talks. 
 
10. (SBU) Comment: The GVN understands that it needs to open 
up the air services market to the United States in order to 
continue to capitalize from the market-opening benefits of 
the Bilateral Trade Agreement and to serve its export growth 
needs. CAAV's Hien clearly had a mandate to liberalize, and 
came to the table ready to offer significant access to U.S. 
carriers.  Despite that mandate, however, protectionist 
objectives remain, and the exclusion of Japan from the U.S. 
route reflects the importance of Tokyo-Vietnam travel for 
Vietnam Airlines, and also its hope that it may eventually 
develop a U.S.- Vietnam route.  As they enter the second 
round, the Vietnamese must weigh Vietnam Air's aspirations 
against the tangible economic benefit that Vietnam would 
derive from increased U.S. passenger traffic and access to 
the global cargo networks of U.S. cargo carriers. 
BURGHARDT