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### Viewing cable 07PHNOMPENH1270, UNHCR CAMBODIA ON MONTAGNARDS

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
07PHNOMPENH1270 | 2007-10-05 08:58 | 2011-07-11 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Phnom Penh

`

    VZCZCXRO7618
    PP RUEHCHI RUEHDT RUEHHM RUEHNH
    DE RUEHPF #1270/01 2780858
    ZNR UUUUU ZZH
    P 050858Z OCT 07
    FM AMEMBASSY PHNOM PENH
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 9022
    INFO RUCNASE/ASEAN MEMBER COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
    RUEHGV/USMISSION GENEVA PRIORITY 1631

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 PHNOM PENH 001270

    SIPDIS

    SENSITIVE
    SIPDIS

    DEPARTMENT FOR PRM AND EAP/MLS
    BANGKOK FOR REFUGEE COORDINATOR
    GENEVA FOR RMA

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PREF PREL CB
    SUBJECT: UNHCR CAMBODIA ON MONTAGNARDS

    SENSITIVE BUT UNCLASSIFIED.  NOT FOR INTERNET DISSEMINATION.

    ¶1.  (SBU) Summary.  UNHCR'S Phnom Penh office reported that
    direct arrivals of Montagnards to the UNHCR office in Phnom
    Penh makes up 75 percent of new arrivals in 2007, compared to
    40 percent of new arrivals in 2006.  During the UNHCR office
    reporting period starting May 1, the UNHCR has seen an
    increase in refugee recognitions totaling 43 percent of
    Montagnards who arrived prior to May 1 (28 cases out of 65
    first-instance decisions).  UNHCR notes that five of these
    cases have been recognized because of publicized links with
    Montagnard activists in other countries that make them more
    vulnerable to persecution if they were to return to Vietnam.
    Recently there have been only two applications for voluntary
    repatriation.  The UNHCR report says this is because of the
    new U.S. policy which has led to final rejected cases
    deciding as a group to refuse repatriation counseling.  End
    summary.

    INCREASE IN DIRECT ARRIVALS TO PHNOM PENH
    -----------------------------------------

    ¶2.  (SBU) On October 1, the Office of the United Nations High
    Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Phnom Penh provided a
    non-public, internal report to its partners in the
    international community stating that in 2007 there have been
    269 new Montagnard arrivals, 200 of whom were direct arrivals
    to the UNHCR office in Phnom Penh.  Direct arrivals of
    Montagnards to the UNHCR office in Phnom Penh make up 75
    percent of new arrivals in 2007, compared to 40 percent of
    new arrivals in 2006.  The number of direct arrivals to Phnom
    Penh has doubled from 66 during the first four months of 2007
    to 134 direct arrivals from May 1 through September.  The
    report links the increase in direct arrivals to possible
    encouragement by Montagnards who are in the U.S, noting the
    increase in direct arrivals coincided with the May 1 date of
    implementation of the new U.S. policy on Montagnards.  For
    non-direct arrivals, the report states that in September the
    UNHCR and the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) conducted
    their fourth joint mission to Ratanakiri bringing 23 asylum
    seekers to Phnom Penh.

    RECENT INCREASE IN REFUGEE RECOGNITION
    --------------------------------------

    ¶3.  (SBU) The report states that there has been a recent
    increase in refugee recognitions of Montagnards who arrived
    prior to May 1.  (Note: Our Phnom Penh UNHCR office
    interlocutors told Poloff that the UNHCR has not made status
    determinations for any of the Montagnards who arrived after
    the May 1 cutoff date.  UNHCR does not expect to make final
    determinations for post-May 1 arrivals until early 2008.  End
    note.)  Of the 65 first-instance decisions, 28 were
    recognitions (43 percent) and 37 were rejections.  The UNHCR
    Phnom Penh office report states that seven of the
    first-instance recognitions were based on derivative status
    and 21 cases were recognitions based on well-founded fear of
    persecution over religion or political opinion.  Five of the
    cases were recognized because of demonstrated links with
    Montagnard activists in other countries that may make them
    more vulnerable to persecution if they were to return to
    Vietnam.  For these five cases, the matter of past
    persecution was not as important to the UNHCR determination
    as was the possible risk of future persecution, according to
    the report.

    DECREASE IN VOLUNTARY REPATRIATION
    ----------------------------------

    ¶4.  (SBU) According to the report, there have been only two
    recent applications for voluntary repatriation and previous
    momentum for voluntary repatriations seems to have slowed.
    The UNHCR report states this is due to the new U.S. policy
    "which has led to the final rejected cases deciding as a
    group to refuse all repatriation counseling."  On September
    4, UNHCR submitted to the RGC the names of 21 individuals who
    have been turned down by both the UNHCR and U.S. Overseas
    Processing Entity review, and who are subject to Cambodian
    immigration laws.  The RGC has not announced plans to
    repatriate the 21 individuals but the UNHCR office said that,
    in the past, the RGC gives only a few days advance notice.

    CURRENT STATS ON MONTAGNARDS IN PHNOM PENH
    ------------------------------------------

    ¶5.  (SBU) The report states that there are currently 379
    Montagnards in the Phnom Penh sites.  Of these, 157 persons

    PHNOM PENH 00001270  002 OF 002

    (41 percent) have been rejected (70 persons on first instance
    and 87 persons have exhausted their appeal with UNHCR), 78
    (21 percent) have been recognized, and 144 (38 percent) are
    pending refugee status determination.  Of the 269 arrivals in
    2007, 53 persons (20 percent) have been recognized and 66
    persons (24 percent) have been rejected.  The report states
    that 150 persons (56 percent) are pending in the first
    instance due to a backlog of cases and that an increased
    number of arrivals has resulted in refugee status
    determination interview delays of as long as two months.  In
    2007, 89 persons have departed for resettlement -- 85 to the
    United States, three to Canada, and one to Finland.

    UNHCR CONCERN OVER CREDIBILITY OF CLAIMS
    -----------------------------------------

    ¶6.  (SBU) The report unclearly suggests that a possible
    increase in contact between Montagnards in the sites and
    Montagnards who are in the U.S., and between Montagnards who
    have not yet had a refugee status determination interview and
    those who have been interviewed already, has led to an
    increase in the number of non-credible claims.  The office
    suggests that the information exchanged between the groups
    has led to "copycat claims" and that individuals who have not
    been interviewed yet want to know from others how they "can
    avoid 'failing'".  The report makes reference to the
    possibility that Montagnard groups in the U.S. are "funding
    and fueling" the movement of Montagnards into Cambodia.  The
    UNHCR office in Phnom Penh also has seen an increase in
    involvement of U.S.-based Montagnards and Montagnard advocacy
    groups trying to intervene in the UNHCR process, mainly
    through letters about individual cases.

    ¶7. (SBU) COMMENT.  The report implies the possibility that
    Montagnards are trying to overcome the new U.S. policy that
    Montagnards who come to the UNHCR office after May 1 will
    have their refugee claims screened only by UNHCR and will not
    have the chance of special, secondary screening for U.S.
    resettlement.  We have assurances from the UNHCR office that
    they continue to base their determinations on what they hear
    from individuals during personal interviews.  UNHCR continues
    its visits to the Central Highlands of Vietnam to assess the
    situation on the ground.  Post will work closely with the
    Embassy in Hanoi and the Consulate in Ho Chi Minh City for
    their assessment of whether UNHCR is getting appropriate
    access and information there.  Post will remind the UNHCR
    office in Phnom Penh to ensure that they continue to sort out
    legitimate refugee claims even among those applicants who
    first present "copycat claims."  Post suggests doing the same
    thing in Geneva with the UNHCR.  END COMMENT.
    MUSSOMELI

`