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### Viewing cable 06KHARTOUM413, A/S FRAZER MEETING WITH LIBYAN FM SHALGAM

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
06KHARTOUM413 | 2006-02-16 15:03 | 2011-03-22 00:12 | CONFIDENTIAL | Embassy Khartoum

`

    VZCZCXRO9820
    PP RUEHROV
    DE RUEHKH #0413/01 0471544
    ZNY CCCCC ZZH
    P 161544Z FEB 06
    FM AMEMBASSY KHARTOUM
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 1497
    INFO RUCNFUR/DARFUR COLLECTIVE PRIORITY

` `

    C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 KHARTOUM 000413

    SIPDIS

    SIPDIS

    E.O. 12958: DECL: 02/16/2016
    TAGS: PGOV PREL US AU LY SU
    SUBJECT: A/S FRAZER MEETING WITH LIBYAN FM SHALGAM

    Classified By: P/E Chief E. Whitaker, Reason: Section 1.4 (b) and (d)

    ¶1. (C) Summary:  Libyan Foreign Minister Shalgam met with A/S
    Frazer in Khartoum on January 24; he cited regional
    instability as a key Libyan concern, and urged Libyan )U.S.
    coordination in addressing issues of mutual interest.  He
    mentioned President Qadafi's suggestion to send 3,000 AMIS
    troops to monitor the Chad-Sudan border; A/S Frazer pointed
    out the negative impact this would have on an already thinly
    stretched AMIS peacekeeping operation.  Shalgam said Libya
    did not plan to invite foreign observers to the Beja-GNU
    negotiations coming up in Libya.  Shalgam characterized Chad
    as complex politically, and as prone to a coup due to
    over-reliance on President Deby.  He referred to the Darfur
    conflict as social in nature; resolution requires a role for
    Darfurians in central government.  He added that Eritrea is
    involved in both Sudan's east and Darfur, yet remained
    inflexible.  End summary.

    --------------------------------------------- ------------
    Libya Seeks to Address Regional Instability with the U.S.
    --------------------------------------------- ------------

    ¶2. (C) On January 24, Libyan Foreign Minister Abd al-Rahman
    Shalgam and Head of Security Services Moussa Koussa met with
    A/S Jendayi Frazer and Charge Cameron Hume on the margins of
    the AU Summit in Khartoum.  Shalgam stated that Libya is
    concerned about tensions between Chad and Sudan, stating,
    "instability in the region will affect the whole of Sahara
    and the Sahel."  This will encourage terrorism, spur refugee
    flows, and exacerbate tribal conflicts.   Although the
    African Union (AU) has organs designed to address regional
    conflict, Libya wants to work with the U.S. "openly,
    transparently, and frankly."  Libya, he said, has "no
    conflicts with the U.S. in Africa, and it is important for us
    to "get African states to work together for unity."  A/S
    Frazer thanked him for Libya's interest in coordination, and
    expressed appreciation for shared visions of strengthening
    the AU.  She noted that areas of most immediate U.S. concern
    were Darfur, Sudan's east, and relations between Chad and
    Sudan; furthermore, President Bush, the Secretary, and the
    Deputy Secretary all were interested in these matters.

    --------------------------------------------- -----------
    FM:  Libya Wishes to Send AU Troops to Chad-Sudan Border
    --------------------------------------------- -----------

    ¶3. (C) FM Shalgam said that Libya is to host a Chad-Sudan
    reconciliation meeting in early February, focusing on
    intellectuals, to discuss restoration of the "social fabric"
    of Chad and Sudan in the "Arabic way."  For true
    reconciliation, however, movement toward a political solution
    is needed.  He added that the Leader (Qadafi) proposes to
    send 3,000 troops to the Chad-Sudan border, and that libya
    would need logistical help to do so.

    ¶4. (C) A/S Frazer asked FM Shalgam where these troops would
    come from; FM Shalgam suggested that 3,000 of the 7,000 AMIS
    troops in Darfur could be transferred to the border.  They
    could address the needs for border security, which is
    important as the "Zaghawa problem exists in both countries."
    Their conflict may draw "fundamentalists," he asserted.  A/S
    Frazer responded that pulling 3,000 troops from AMIS would
    spread the remaining forces thinly and undermine their
    important mission.  As it stands, AMIS is already hampered by
    limits in air transport and communications.

    --------------------------------------------- --------------
    High Imported Fuel Costs Hit AU:  Possible Libyan Solution?
    --------------------------------------------- --------------

    ¶5. (C) Charge Hume said that the AU imports fuel for vehicles
    and aircraft from Dubai at great expense.  Could Libya
    provide it more economically, he asked.  FM Shalgam said yes,
    but noted the problem of fuel smuggling.  This could be
    discussed further, he said, with technical experts working on
    details.  Shalgam also mentioned an upcoming meeting with
    Sudanese National Intelligence and Security Service Director
    Ghosh and his interest in meeting with the CIA on "a wide
    range of topics."  This would include the Ethiopian-Eritrean
    border issue.  The Sahelian countries have problems, yet want
    stability; we can exchange information and assist in making
    their efforts at stability more successful.

    ---------------------------------------------
    FM Shalgam Emphasizes Libyan-U.S. Cooperation
    ---------------------------------------------

    ¶6. (C) FM Shalgam made a point of underscoring Libyan-U.S.
    cooperation, noted that Libya had "brought 30 or 35 suspects"
    involved in counter-terrorism to the attention of the U.S.
    Furthermore, U.S. oil companies are returning to Libya,
    Libyan students are attending U.S. schools again, and there

    KHARTOUM 00000413  002 OF 002

    is even talk of military cooperation.

    --------------------------------------------- ------------
    Libya Does not Plan to Invite Observers to Beja-GNU Talks
    --------------------------------------------- ------------

    ¶7. (C) Charge Hume asked about a role for international
    observers for upcoming talks between the Beja Congress and
    the GNU.  FM Shalgam responded that the talks would be
    primarily "social" in nature, and that a readout of the
    sessions would be provided later.

    --------------------------------------------- -------------
    FM: Chad Political Situation Complex, May be Another Sudan
    --------------------------------------------- -------------

    ¶8. (C) A/S Frazer asked for Libya's views on Chadian
    President Deby.  FM Shalgam said that the possibility of a
    coup attempt remained, particularly as next year's election
    had raised the third term issue and the matter of a possible
    constitutional amendment.  Chad has more than 60 political
    parties, he said, largely organized along tribal lines.  This
    may result in a civil war, with Chad becoming "another
    Sudan."  This is made more challenging by the absence of
    strong institutions in Chad, which he characterized as "one
    man, one government; one man, one state."  No other candidate
    is emerging, he added, to "prepare to prevent chaos."  If the
    interested parties coordinated, they could be effective.

    ¶9. (C) FM Shalgam said that Qadafi wished for Libya and the
    U.S. to expand coordination, as it would benefit both the
    bilateral relationship and Africa.  Stability, progress, and
    modernization, including advancement of women, are important
    objectives, he said.

    --------------------------------------------- --------------
    FM:  Darfur Conflict Social in Origin, Role in Gov't Needed
    --------------------------------------------- --------------

    ¶10. (C) A/S Frazer asked how Libya sees the recent Sudan
    Liberation Army (SLA) and Justice and Equality Movement (JEM)
    merger.  FM Shalgam said that the origins of the Darfur
    conflict are social.  "They are our friends; we know them
    all," he added, "and we are the only country having contact
    with all of them."  The Libya-Chad border is long, he said,
    and some of the rebels are in Libya now.  Darfurians need to
    participate in the central government, yet need to be patient
    in the political negotiating process.

    --------------------------------------------- ------
    FM:  Eritrea Right, but Inflexible and Antagonistic
    --------------------------------------------- ------

    ¶11. (C) In response to A/S Frazer's inquiry about Eritrea, FM
    Shalgam said that Eritrea was "legally right" regarding the
    border situation with Ethiopia, and that the latter should
    accept the verdict.  In discussions, he had found Ethiopian
    Prime Minster Meles to be more flexible on the matter than
    Eritrean President Isaias.  After all, he added, "blood is
    more important than oil."  He referred to the disputed
    territory along the border as "a few hundred meters of
    rocks," which was nothing compared to the two million square
    kilometers involved with Libya had its dispute with Chad over
    the Aozou "tribal area" years ago.  Eritrea has shown little
    flexibility, he noted, and was "against everybody," not just
    Ethiopia, but previously Yemen and Sudan.

    --------------------------------------------- ------
    FM:  Eritrea has Role in Sudan's East and in Darfur
    --------------------------------------------- ------

    ¶12. (C) A/S Frazer asked about Eritrea's role in Sudan's
    east.  FM Shalgam responded that Eritrea was important to the
    Beja, but also to rebel groups in Darfur, such as Abdel
    Wahid's SLA faction.  Libya will discuss Eritrea's role in
    discussions with NISS Director Ghosh in the near future,
    "brainstorming on a range of topics."

    ¶13. (U) A/S Frazer approved this message.
    STEINFELD

`