The World's
Concerns
EU Preemptive Nuclear War
http://www.artel.co.yu/en/izbor/evropa/2004-10-19.html
http://www.german-foreign-policy.com/en/news//index.php?action=shownews&showtopic=news
October 2004PARIS (Own report) - Military strategists of the European Union define the EU defense strategy initiated by Berlin and are considering a preemptive nuclear first strike. The EU military doctrine initiated by Berlin - the first one in the history of the EU - specifically envisions the possibility of conducting preventive wars. A recently presented "European Defense Paper," written with the participation of a former German minister of state, included nuclear arms in the first strike strategy of the EU. It states that British and French nuclear powers could be included "explicitly or implicitly" in this preventive military option.
Ultimatum
The "European Defense Paper," commissioned by the EU governments, is a conceptual document concerning European military policy. Its purpose is to define the application of "European security strategy"1) agreed upon in 2003. The authors of the study, a group of high ranking military advisors, demand energetic, prompt and inclusive armament by the EU. The goal is to reach the status of a world power able to conduct preventive wars: "Sharing more global responsibilities (...), and taking on a preventive engagement strategy are ambitious goals that will stay unfulfilled if the current gap between ends and means persists."2) The foreign ministers of the EU will shortly consider the document and will make firm decisions concerning the state and perspectives of the military options.
Central
The Institute for Security Studies (ISS), which worked for the European military pact of the western European Union (WEU) until 2001, is responsible for the paper. Since the transfer of the operative functions of the WEU to the EU it functions as an autonomous EU institute. It is dominated by the German-French power cartel: Established in Paris, the ISS is under the leadership of Nicole Gnesotto since October 1999. Previously, she had worked for the semi-official French think tank "Institut français des Relations internationales." Burkard Schmitt, former SPD-colleague in the social democratic Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (foundation), is acting director. EU's strategies for armaments, including "nuclear issues," are in Schmitt's area of responsibility. In his publications, the German "senior research fellow" demanded that those industries among the EU member states which produce armaments "should be subject to a specific defence procurement directive."3) In the meantime, this has become a foregone conclusion with the agreement for "European defense."4)
Unavoidable
Due to the resistance of several states, especially regarding weapons of mass destruction, armaments centralization is still limited.5) For this reason the German weapons expert, Schmitt, considers a discussion of these limitations as unavoidable.6) Berlin's military and government advisors have been examining nuclear options for some time, and now demand a plan for surmounting the existing resistance against the intended "nuclear power Europe" from the federal government. Thus, the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS foundation), which is close to the CDU, demanded at the beginning of 2004 a "new direction of the partially conventional understanding of international law." According to KAS, the "admissibility of preventive strikes" must be determined and a preventive war with nuclear arms must be legitimized: "Even nuclear preemption is, at least theoretically, a conceivable option."7) The German-French strategy paper presented concrete suggestions for the joint deployment of nuclear arms. The paper proposes the tactical bypassing of resistance to, nevertheless, "recall all steps of the escalation ladder (...) up to threatening deployment of nuclear weapons." The author of the paper was the "German society for foreign policy," with the re-emerged "Institut francais des relations internationales" as co-author.8)
Explicit or Implicit
Thus, the concept of a nuclear pre-emptive war has now become anchored in European politics. Lothar Ruehl, former minister of state in the German defense ministry and co-author of the "European Defense Paper" noted with satisfaction that the topic "preemption/prevention" in the document is primarily considered from the point of view of military deployments with conventional armed forces and operative special forces. "Nevertheless," the possibility to include British and French nuclear armed forces "explicitly or implicitly," is mentioned.9) Concerning the war scenarios of the future EU military, in fact, the strategy paper mentions: "[W]e have not avoided presenting scenarios in which the national nuclear forces of EU member states (France and the United Kingdom) may enter into the equation either explicitly or implicitly."10)
1) See also EU Strategy: "Preemptive Wars," worldwide and Plans for action
2) Institute for Security Studies, European Union: European defence. A proposal for a White Paper; Paris, May 2004, ISBN 92-9198-056-0 (http://www.iss-eu.org), p. 13. "These goals call for rapidly deployable and long-term sustainable forces, they imply a better integration of civilian and military missions; they are based on the assumption of a more autonomous Union in defence matters (...). The credibility of Europe's strategy will ultimately be based on its capacity to fulfil these ambitions."
3) Burkard Schmitt: The European Union and armaments. Getting a bigger bang for the Euro; Chaillot Paper 63 - August 2003 http://www.iss-eu.org), p. 55
4) See also The End of "Civilian Power"
5) "Nuclear, radiological, biological and chemical products should continue to be excluded from European rules." Burkard Schmitt: The European Union and armaments. Getting a bigger bang for the Euro; Chaillot Paper 63 - August 2003 (http://www.iss-eu.org), p. 55
6) Nuclear weapons: A new Great Debate (Edited by Burkard Schmitt); Chaillot Paper 48 - July 2001 (http://www.iss-eu.org), p. 168
7) see also War is Peace
8) see also Bright Abyss
9) Lothar Ruehl: Luecke zwischen Mittel und Zweck. Das "European Defence Paper"; Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung 01.10.2004
10) Institute for Security Studies, European Union: European defence. A proposal for a White Paper; Paris, May 2004, ISBN 92-9198-056-0 (http://www.iss-eu.org), p. 68ARTEL GEOPOLITIKA is a private, independent and non-profit web site provided by the volunteer work of a small group of enthousiasts. If you enjoy the information that ARTEL GEOPOLITIKA is publishing , we would be greatefull for any financial contribution from your part or advertising on our web site. Your help would be used for the improving of the selection of the information, its faster publishing on the site and for, what we consider the most important, the translation of the prominant information on other languages.
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