

Currently released so far... 12553 / 251,287
Browse latest releases
2010/12/01
2010/12/02
2010/12/03
2010/12/04
2010/12/05
2010/12/06
2010/12/07
2010/12/08
2010/12/09
2010/12/10
2010/12/11
2010/12/12
2010/12/13
2010/12/14
2010/12/15
2010/12/16
2010/12/17
2010/12/18
2010/12/19
2010/12/20
2010/12/21
2010/12/22
2010/12/23
2010/12/24
2010/12/25
2010/12/26
2010/12/27
2010/12/28
2010/12/29
2010/12/30
2011/01/01
2011/01/02
2011/01/04
2011/01/05
2011/01/07
2011/01/09
2011/01/10
2011/01/11
2011/01/12
2011/01/13
2011/01/14
2011/01/15
2011/01/16
2011/01/17
2011/01/18
2011/01/19
2011/01/20
2011/01/21
2011/01/22
2011/01/23
2011/01/24
2011/01/25
2011/01/26
2011/01/27
2011/01/28
2011/01/29
2011/01/30
2011/01/31
2011/02/01
2011/02/02
2011/02/03
2011/02/04
2011/02/05
2011/02/06
2011/02/07
2011/02/08
2011/02/09
2011/02/10
2011/02/11
2011/02/12
2011/02/13
2011/02/14
2011/02/15
2011/02/16
2011/02/17
2011/02/18
2011/02/19
2011/02/20
2011/02/21
2011/02/22
2011/02/23
2011/02/24
2011/02/25
2011/02/26
2011/02/27
2011/02/28
2011/03/01
2011/03/02
2011/03/03
2011/03/04
2011/03/05
2011/03/06
2011/03/07
2011/03/08
2011/03/09
2011/03/10
2011/03/11
2011/03/13
2011/03/14
2011/03/15
2011/03/16
2011/03/17
2011/03/18
2011/03/19
2011/03/20
2011/03/21
2011/03/22
2011/03/23
2011/03/24
2011/03/25
2011/03/26
2011/03/27
2011/03/28
2011/03/29
2011/03/30
2011/03/31
2011/04/01
2011/04/02
2011/04/03
2011/04/04
2011/04/05
2011/04/06
2011/04/07
2011/04/08
2011/04/09
2011/04/10
2011/04/11
2011/04/12
2011/04/13
2011/04/14
2011/04/15
2011/04/16
2011/04/17
2011/04/18
2011/04/19
2011/04/20
2011/04/21
2011/04/22
2011/04/23
2011/04/24
2011/04/25
2011/04/26
2011/04/27
2011/04/28
2011/04/29
2011/04/30
2011/05/01
2011/05/02
2011/05/03
2011/05/04
2011/05/05
2011/05/06
2011/05/07
2011/05/08
2011/05/09
2011/05/10
2011/05/11
2011/05/12
Browse by creation date
Browse by origin
Embassy Athens
Embassy Asuncion
Embassy Astana
Embassy Asmara
Embassy Ashgabat
Embassy Apia
Embassy Ankara
Embassy Amman
Embassy Algiers
Embassy Addis Ababa
Embassy Accra
Embassy Abuja
Embassy Abu Dhabi
Embassy Abidjan
Consulate Auckland
Consulate Amsterdam
Consulate Adana
American Institute Taiwan, Taipei
Embassy Bujumbura
Embassy Buenos Aires
Embassy Budapest
Embassy Bucharest
Embassy Brussels
Embassy Bridgetown
Embassy Bratislava
Embassy Brasilia
Embassy Bogota
Embassy Bishkek
Embassy Bern
Embassy Berlin
Embassy Belmopan
Embassy Belgrade
Embassy Beirut
Embassy Beijing
Embassy Banjul
Embassy Bangkok
Embassy Bandar Seri Begawan
Embassy Bamako
Embassy Baku
Embassy Baghdad
Consulate Barcelona
Embassy Copenhagen
Embassy Conakry
Embassy Colombo
Embassy Chisinau
Embassy Caracas
Embassy Canberra
Embassy Cairo
Consulate Curacao
Consulate Ciudad Juarez
Consulate Chennai
Consulate Casablanca
Consulate Cape Town
Consulate Calgary
Embassy Dushanbe
Embassy Dublin
Embassy Doha
Embassy Djibouti
Embassy Dili
Embassy Dhaka
Embassy Dar Es Salaam
Embassy Damascus
Embassy Dakar
Consulate Dubai
Embassy Helsinki
Embassy Harare
Embassy Hanoi
Consulate Ho Chi Minh City
Consulate Hermosillo
Consulate Hamilton
Consulate Hamburg
Consulate Halifax
Embassy Kyiv
Embassy Kuwait
Embassy Kuala Lumpur
Embassy Kinshasa
Embassy Kingston
Embassy Kigali
Embassy Khartoum
Embassy Kathmandu
Embassy Kampala
Embassy Kabul
Consulate Kolkata
Embassy Luxembourg
Embassy Luanda
Embassy London
Embassy Ljubljana
Embassy Lisbon
Embassy Lima
Embassy Lilongwe
Embassy La Paz
Consulate Lahore
Consulate Lagos
Mission USOSCE
Mission USNATO
Mission UNESCO
Embassy Muscat
Embassy Moscow
Embassy Montevideo
Embassy Monrovia
Embassy Minsk
Embassy Mexico
Embassy Mbabane
Embassy Maputo
Embassy Manila
Embassy Manama
Embassy Managua
Embassy Malabo
Embassy Madrid
Consulate Munich
Consulate Mumbai
Consulate Montreal
Consulate Monterrey
Consulate Milan
Consulate Melbourne
Embassy Nicosia
Embassy Niamey
Embassy New Delhi
Embassy Ndjamena
Embassy Nassau
Embassy Nairobi
Consulate Naples
Consulate Naha
Embassy Pristina
Embassy Pretoria
Embassy Prague
Embassy Port Of Spain
Embassy Port Louis
Embassy Port Au Prince
Embassy Phnom Penh
Embassy Paris
Embassy Paramaribo
Embassy Panama
Consulate Peshawar
REO Basrah
Embassy Rome
Embassy Riyadh
Embassy Riga
Embassy Reykjavik
Embassy Rangoon
Embassy Rabat
Consulate Rio De Janeiro
Consulate Recife
Secretary of State
Embassy Suva
Embassy Stockholm
Embassy Sofia
Embassy Skopje
Embassy Singapore
Embassy Seoul
Embassy Sarajevo
Embassy Santo Domingo
Embassy Santiago
Embassy Sanaa
Embassy San Salvador
Embassy San Jose
Consulate Strasbourg
Consulate St Petersburg
Consulate Shenyang
Consulate Shanghai
Consulate Sapporo
Consulate Sao Paulo
Embassy Tunis
Embassy Tripoli
Embassy Tokyo
Embassy The Hague
Embassy Tel Aviv
Embassy Tehran
Embassy Tegucigalpa
Embassy Tbilisi
Embassy Tashkent
Embassy Tallinn
Consulate Toronto
Consulate Tijuana
USUN New York
USEU Brussels
US Office Almaty
US Mission Geneva
US Interests Section Havana
US Delegation, Secretary
UNVIE
Embassy Ulaanbaatar
Embassy Vilnius
Embassy Vienna
Embassy Vatican
Embassy Valletta
Consulate Vladivostok
Consulate Vancouver
Browse by tag
APECO
ASEC
AMGT
AFIN
APER
ACABQ
AORC
AEMR
AF
AE
AR
AGMT
AU
AY
ABLD
AS
AG
AJ
APCS
AX
AM
AMEX
ATRN
ADM
AMED
AFGHANISTAN
AZ
AL
ASUP
AND
ARM
ASEAN
AFFAIRS
AQ
ATFN
AMBASSADOR
AODE
APEC
ACBAQ
AFSI
AFSN
AO
ABUD
AC
ADPM
ADCO
ASIG
ARF
AUC
ASEX
AGAO
AA
AER
AVERY
AGRICULTURE
AIT
AADP
ASCH
AORL
AROC
ACOA
ANET
AID
AMCHAMS
AINF
AMG
AFU
AN
ALOW
ASECKFRDCVISKIRFPHUMSMIGEG
ACS
ADANA
AECL
ACAO
AORG
AGR
BEXP
BR
BM
BG
BL
BA
BTIO
BO
BP
BC
BILAT
BK
BU
BD
BRUSSELS
BB
BF
BBSR
BIDEN
BX
BE
BH
BT
BY
BMGT
BWC
BTIU
BN
CA
CASC
CFED
CO
CH
CS
CU
CE
CI
CM
CMGT
CJAN
COM
CG
CIS
CVIS
CR
CKGR
CHR
CVR
COUNTER
CIA
CLINTON
CY
CPAS
CD
CBW
COUNTERTERRORISM
CITEL
CDG
CW
CODEL
COUNTRY
CLEARANCE
COE
CN
CARICOM
CB
CONDOLEEZZA
CWC
CACS
CSW
CIDA
CIC
CITT
CONS
CL
CACM
CDB
CDC
CAN
CF
CJUS
CTM
CBSA
CARSON
CT
CLMT
CBC
CEUDA
CV
COPUOS
CTR
CROS
CAPC
CAC
CNARC
CICTE
CBE
ECON
ETRD
EIND
ENRG
EC
ELAB
EAGR
EAID
EFIS
EFIN
EINV
EUN
EG
EPET
EAIR
EU
ELTN
EWWT
ECIN
ERD
EI
ETTC
EUR
EN
EZ
ETC
ENVI
EMIN
ET
ENVR
ER
ECPS
EINT
EAP
ES
ENIV
ECONOMY
EXTERNAL
EINN
EFTA
ECONOMIC
EPA
EXBS
ECA
ELN
ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS
ENGR
ECUN
ENGY
ECONOMICS
ELECTIONS
EIAR
EINDETRD
EREL
EUC
ECONEFIN
EURN
EDU
ETRDEINVTINTCS
ECIP
ENERG
EFIM
EAIDS
EK
ETRDECONWTOCS
EINVETC
ECONCS
EUNCH
ESA
ECINECONCS
EUREM
ESENV
EFINECONCS
ETRC
ENNP
EAIG
EXIM
EEPET
EINVECONSENVCSJA
EUMEM
ETRA
ERNG
ETRO
ETRN
EINVEFIN
ICTY
IN
IS
IR
IC
IZ
IA
INTERPOL
IAEA
IT
IMO
IO
IV
ID
IRAQI
IEA
INRB
IL
IWC
ITU
ICAO
ISRAELI
ICRC
IIP
IMF
IBRD
ISLAMISTS
ITALY
ITALIAN
ILO
IPR
IQ
IRS
IAHRC
IZPREL
IRAJ
IDP
ILC
ITF
ICJ
IF
ITPHUM
INMARSAT
ISRAEL
IACI
IBET
ITRA
INR
IRC
IDA
ICTR
IGAD
INRA
INRO
IEFIN
INTELSAT
INTERNAL
INDO
ITPGOV
KWMN
KSCA
KDEM
KTFN
KIPR
KCRM
KPAL
KE
KPAO
KPKO
KS
KN
KISL
KFRD
KJUS
KIRF
KFLO
KG
KTIP
KTER
KRCM
KTIA
KGHG
KIRC
KU
KPRP
KMCA
KMPI
KSEO
KNNP
KZ
KNEI
KCOR
KOMC
KCFC
KSTC
KMDR
KFLU
KSAF
KSEP
KSAC
KR
KGIC
KSUM
KWBG
KCIP
KDRG
KOLY
KAWC
KCHG
KHDP
KRVC
KBIO
KAWK
KGCC
KHLS
KBCT
KPLS
KREL
KCFE
KMFO
KV
KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG
KFTFN
KVPR
KTDB
KSPR
KIDE
KVRP
KTEX
KBTR
KTRD
KICC
KCOM
KO
KLIG
KDEMAF
KMRS
KRAD
KOCI
KSTH
KUNR
KNSD
KGIT
KFSC
KHIV
KPAI
KICA
KACT
KHUM
KREC
KSEC
KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG
KCMR
KPIN
KESS
KDEV
KNAR
KNUC
KPWR
KENV
KWWMN
KWMNCS
KPRV
KOM
KBTS
KCRS
KNPP
KWNM
KRFD
KVIR
KTBT
KAID
KRIM
KDDG
KRGY
KHSA
KWMM
KMOC
KSCI
KPAK
KX
KPAONZ
KCGC
KID
KPOA
KIFR
KFIN
KWAC
KOMS
KCRCM
KNUP
KMIG
KNNPMNUC
KERG
KTLA
KCSY
KJUST
MOPS
MARR
MASS
MNUC
MX
MCAP
MO
MR
MI
MD
MK
MA
MP
MY
MTCRE
MOPPS
MASC
MIL
MTS
MLS
MILI
MAR
MU
MEPN
MAPP
MTCR
MEPI
MZ
MEETINGS
MG
MW
MAS
MT
MCC
MIK
ML
MARAD
MV
MERCOSUR
MTRE
MPOS
MEPP
MILITARY
MDC
MQADHAFI
MUCN
MRCRE
MAPS
MEDIA
MASSMNUC
MC
NZ
NZUS
NL
NU
NATO
NP
NO
NIPP
NE
NH
NR
NA
NPT
NI
NSF
NG
NSG
NAFTA
NC
NDP
NEW
NRR
NATIONAL
NT
NS
NASA
NAR
NV
NORAD
NSSP
NK
NPA
NGO
NSC
NATOPREL
NW
NPG
NSFO
OPDC
OTRA
OIIP
OREP
OVIP
OSCE
OEXC
OIE
OPRC
OAS
OPIC
OTR
OMIG
OSAC
OFFICIALS
OECD
OSCI
OBSP
OFDA
OPCW
ODIP
OFDP
OES
OPAD
OCII
OHUM
OVP
ON
OIC
OCS
PHUM
PREL
PGOV
PINR
PTER
PARM
PREF
PM
PE
PINS
PK
PHSA
PBTS
PRGOV
PA
PORG
PP
PS
PGOF
PL
PO
PARMS
PKFK
PSOE
PEPR
PAK
POL
PPA
PINT
PMAR
PRELP
PREFA
PALESTINIAN
PBIO
PINF
PNG
PMIL
PFOR
PUNE
PGOVLO
PAO
POLITICS
PHUMBA
PSEPC
PTBS
PCUL
PROP
PNAT
PNR
POLINT
PGOVE
PROG
PHALANAGE
PARTY
PDEM
PECON
PROV
PHUMPREL
PGOC
PY
PCI
PLN
PDOV
PREO
PGIV
PHUH
PAS
PU
POGOV
PF
PINL
POV
PAHO
PRL
PG
PRAM
POLITICAL
PARTIES
POLICY
PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA
PGGV
PHUS
PSA
PHUMPGOV
PEL
PSI
PAIGH
POSTS
PBT
PTERE
RS
RU
RW
RM
RO
RP
REGION
RSP
RF
RICE
RCMP
RFE
RIGHTS
RIGHTSPOLMIL
ROBERT
RUPREL
RELATIONS
ROOD
REACTION
RSO
REPORT
SENV
SNAR
SCUL
SR
SC
SOCI
SMIG
SI
SP
SU
SO
SW
SY
SA
SZ
SAN
SF
SN
STEINBERG
SG
ST
SIPDIS
SNARIZ
SNARN
SSA
SK
SPCVIS
SOFA
SAARC
SL
SEVN
SARS
SIPRS
SHUM
SANC
SWE
SHI
SYR
SNARCS
SPCE
SYRIA
SEN
SH
SCRS
SENVKGHG
TRGY
TSPL
TPHY
TSPA
TBIO
TI
TW
THPY
TX
TU
TS
TZ
TC
TH
TT
TIP
TO
TERRORISM
TRSY
TINT
TN
TURKEY
TBID
TL
TV
TNGD
TD
TF
TP
TFIN
TAGS
TK
TR
UNSC
UK
UNGA
UN
US
UNHRC
UG
UP
UNMIK
UNHCR
UE
USTR
UNVIE
UAE
UZ
UY
UNO
UNESCO
USEU
USOAS
UV
UNODC
UNCHS
UNFICYP
UNEP
UNIDROIT
UNDESCO
UNDP
UNPUOS
UNC
UNAUS
USUN
UNCHC
UNCHR
UNCND
UNICEF
UNCSD
UNDC
USNC
USPS
USAID
Browse by classification
Community resources
courage is contagious
Viewing cable 09BRASILIA757, BRAZIL: BILATERAL ACCORDS A KEY COMPONENT IN
If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs
Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:
- The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
- The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
- The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.
Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #09BRASILIA757.
Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
---|---|---|---|---|
09BRASILIA757 | 2009-06-16 19:20 | 2010-12-05 12:00 | CONFIDENTIAL | Embassy Brasilia |
VZCZCXRO0028
RR RUEHRG
DE RUEHBR #0757/01 1671920
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
R 161920Z JUN 09
FM AMEMBASSY BRASILIA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 4492
INFO RUEHAC/AMEMBASSY ASUNCION 7560
RUEHLB/AMEMBASSY BEIRUT 0067
RUEHBO/AMEMBASSY BOGOTA 4936
RUEHBU/AMEMBASSY BUENOS AIRES 6259
RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS 4391
RUEHLP/AMEMBASSY LA PAZ 6905
RUEHPE/AMEMBASSY LIMA 4260
RUEHLI/AMEMBASSY LISBON 0515
RUEHMD/AMEMBASSY MADRID 0732
RUEHME/AMEMBASSY MEXICO 2164
RUEHMN/AMEMBASSY MONTEVIDEO 7772
RUEHSG/AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO 0971
RUEHRG/AMCONSUL RECIFE 9647
RUEHRI/AMCONSUL RIO DE JANEIRO 7857
RUEHSO/AMCONSUL SAO PAULO 4202
RUEAWJA/DEPT OF JUSTICE WASHDC
RUEABND/DEA HQS WASHDC
RHEHNSC/NSC WASHDC
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 07 BRASILIA 000757
SENSITIVE
SIPDIS
E.O. 12958: DECL: 06/16/2019
TAGS: KCRM NAR PREL BR
SUBJECT: BRAZIL: BILATERAL ACCORDS A KEY COMPONENT IN
COUNTERNARCOTICS APPROACH
Classified By: Acting Deputy Chief of Mission Marie Damour, Reason 1.4
(b) and (d)
¶1. (C) Summary: Brazil,s strategy for dealing with the
trafficking of illegal drugs has focused in part on creating
a robust diplomatic framework in recognition that the
"illegal traffic of narcotics represents a grave threat to
the health and well-being of populations as well as a problem
that affects their political, economic, social, and cultural
structures of Brazil and its bilateral partners." As a
result, Brazil has signed dozens of bilateral accords focused
on achieving more effective cooperation with both regional
partners and countries outside the region in the area of
countering the trafficking and consumption of illegal
narcotics. The agreements evince a flexible approach *-
varying lines of authority, use of either structured or
ad-hoc frameworks, etc -* and willingness to tackle the
broad spectrum of complex issues involved in combating
narcotrafficking and transnational crime that could be useful
if Washington decided to enhance bilateral or regional
cooperation with Brazil on these issues, although it is not
clear that the GOB would consider its existing bilateral
accords to be a sufficient basis for a similar bilateral
arrangement with the United States or for regional
cooperation with the United States in the areas where it has
agreed to work bilaterally. End summary.
¶2. (U) This cable analyzes a sample of 21 bilateral accords
signed by Brazil between 1988 and 2005 (see appendix for a
list of the accords). While Post focused primarily on
accords signed with countries within South America, we also
looked at a small cross section of non-contiguous countries
in different regions around the world to identify patterns
and compare approaches. A subsequent cable will seek to
evaluate the extent to which the provisions of these have
been put into effect.
-------------------------
Categorizing the accords
-------------------------
¶3. (U) Brazil has signed bilateral counternarcotics accords
with every country in the region. Of these, Post examined 17
Brazil signed between 1988 and 2005. In addition, Brazil has
signed numerous accords on counternarcotics with countries
outside the region. For purposes of this cable, Post looked
at accords Brazil signed with Lebanon, Mexico, Portugal, and
Spain, which represent a cross-section of countries from
North and Central America, Europe, and the Middle East with
which Brazil maintains good-to-excellent relations. (Note: A
list of the accords examined is at para 21. End note.)
¶4. (U) These accords can be divided broadly into three
categories areas:
-- Cooperation accords to prevent use of and to combat
illegal drugs and psychotropic substances;
-- Accords that have an explicit or implicit counternarcotics
component, but are not exclusively focused on them; and
-- Accords to create permanent bilateral joint committees on
variety of topics, some of which have been created to
coordinate counternarcotics policies and actions.
-------------------------------------
Category 1: Counternarcotics accords
-------------------------------------
¶5. (U) In general, these accords tend to contain components
found throughout all agreements and almost invariably are
motivated by the parties, recognition that the "illegal
traffic of narcotics represents a grave threat to the health
and well-being of populations as well as a problem that
BRASILIA 00000757 002 OF 007
affects their political, economic, social, and cultural
structures of Brazil and its bilateral partners." The
accords with Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Paraguay, and
countries outside the region, such as Spain, Lebanon, and
Mexico share much of the same language. In the accords, the
parties generally are called to:
-- Exchange police and judicial information about persons
involved in the production and trafficking of illegal
narcotics, as well as illicit activities tied drug
trafficking;
-- Coordinate strategies for the prevention of use of illegal
drugs, for the rehabilitation of addicts, for the control of
precursor substances use to produce illegal narcotics, and
for the combat of drug trafficking.
-- Establish technical and scientific cooperation to identify
and intensify measures to detect, control, and eradicate
plantations for the production of illegal drugs;
-- Exchange information on legislation in the area of illegal
narcotics, psychotropic substances, and precursors and
chemicals used in the production of illegal drugs;
-- Exchange information on imports and exports of precursor
chemicals that could be used in the production of illegal
drugs
¶6. (U) Other accords have additional levels of specificity.
For example, Brazil,s 1999 accord with Spain has provisions
for exchange of information on rehabilitation programs;
exchange of information on transportation, cargo, mail, and
other means used to transport illegal drugs, as well as on
routes; and exchange of personnel to improve information flow
and enhance expertise.
¶7. (U) In most cases, exchanges are to be led by each
country,s respective foreign relations ministry--in the case
of Brazil, the Ministry of External Relations
(Itamaraty)--and are conducted on an ad-hoc basis at the
request of either of the parties to the accord. In some
cases, implementation of the accords are to be carried out by
comistas, (see more below) and on a few occasions the
comistas, are to be presided by Itamaraty jointly with the
National Anti-Drug Secretariat (SENAD), which is run of the
Office of the Presidency,s Cabinet for Institutional
Security (GSI).
¶8. (U) In the case of Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay,
Brazil has signed amendments to the accords that provide for
cooperation between the parties specifically in border
regions. Under these amendments, both parties agree to
develop coordinated strategies for the prevention of illegal
drug use and for rehabilitation of drug users in cities along
their shared borders. Implementation of these amendments
tends to be delegated to SENAD.
¶9. (U) Some accords, but not all, have provisions requiring
information shared under the authority of the accord to be
kept confidential according to each country,s laws and to
only be used for the purposes outlined in the accord.
---------------------------------------------
Category 1: Exceptions in the case of source countries
---------------------------------------------
¶10. (U) Source countries, such as Bolivia and Colombia, tend
to break the pattern, and have more detailed agreements that
mandate each country,s main counternarcotics authority as
the principal go-between in the implementation of the
accords, instead of each country,s foreign ministry. This
deviation from the norm in the 1999 accords with both
Colombia and Bolivia is justified by the need for direct
communications between counterdrug authorities, instead of
through the foreign ministries, in order to make
BRASILIA 00000757 003.2 OF 007
&cooperation more efficient8. In the case of the Colombia
accord, implementation of the accord on the Brazilian side is
delegated to the Ministry of Justice and in the case of the
accord with Bolivia to both the Ministry of Justice and
SENAD. The accords with Colombia and Bolivia also include a
more extensive set of areas in which the two countries pledge
to work together. Both in the case of Colombia and Bolivia,
the countries pledge to share information on where precursors
are grown, to jointly establish lists of precursors and
chemicals substances, and to put into place a more extensive
and rigorous system of controls on the legal and illegal
movement of these precursors across their borders. Some of
these provisions include:
-- Both parties will cooperate to ensure the control and
oversight of commercial, customs, and distribution operations
of precursors and chemical substances included in the list of
substances and will share information on operations suspected
of involvement in illegal use of such substances;
-- Both parties will ensure that all import, export,
re-exportation, transit, and distribution of precursors will
have all relevant documentation;
-- In the case of suspected illicit activity, both parties
will share information on the type of precursor or chemical
substance, name, address, telephone and fax, and clients of
the vendor of the substances; will share information on
routes vendors reported they will use; statistical data
related to the supply and demand of precursors and chemical
substances in each country;
-- Requires the central authority in each country, upon being
provided with a request based on credible information from
the other party, to investigate either recipient of the
precursors or chemical substances;
-- The central authority of one of the parties can request
from the other party information on the individuals or
organizations that carry out the sale, importation,
exportation, re-exportation, distribution, transportation or
storage in order to initiate investigations.
--------------------------------------------- ------
Category 2: Accords related to, but not exclusively
drug-focused
--------------------------------------------- ------
¶11. (U) Brazil has also signed more general accords that
impact Brazil,s ability to effectively counter the
trafficking of illegal drugs, although these are not
exclusively drug-focused.
TRANSNATIONAL CRIME
¶12. (U) For example, a type of accord that Brazil has signed,
although infrequently, is police cooperation accords focused
on transnational criminal activity. In 2005, Brazil and
Colombia agreed to one, although it has yet to be ratified in
Brazil. The agreement recognizes the threats to regional
stability and security posed by drug and arms trafficking and
money laundering and the relevance of law enforcement
cooperation to maintain internal security and effectively
combat organized transnational criminal activity. The
agreement calls for cooperation in the following areas:
-- Drug trafficking;
-- Arms trafficking;
-- Trafficking in persons;
-- Child sexual exploitation;
-- Environment crimes;
-- Money laundering;
-- Contraband;
-- Counterfeiting
-- Intellectual property
-- Cybercrimes
BRASILIA 00000757 004 OF 007
¶13. (U) Under the accord, the parties agree to share
intelligence information related to the crimes outlined
above, share database information, and undertake joint
operations. In addition, the accord calls for cooperation
and &sharing of experiences8 in the area of public
security, particularly in the areas of community policing,
security at sporting events, protection of visiting
dignitaries, kidnapping prevention, public order, and
protection of civil and human rights, among others. The
agreement also calls for the creation of Bilateral Working
Group on Police Matters (GTBP) to be run on the Brazilian
side by the Ministry of Justice and the Brazilian Federal
Police (DPF) that will meet annually, or more frequently on
an extraordinary basis, and will develop a joint action plan
to implement the accord. Finally, the accord calls for the
police chiefs of the border areas to meet at least every two
months for the purpose of evaluating the progress of the
accord and making any necessary adjustments to its
implementation.
CONTROL OF AIRSPACE
¶14. (U) Brazil has signed accords related to the control and
combat the transit of aircraft involved in illicit activity
with several countries, including Argentina, Colombia,
Paraguay, and Uruguay. These types of accords generally call
for the combating of the transit of irregular aircraft
through the parties, territory, implementation of an
information exchange system, technical and operational
training, and regular evaluations of the efficiency of the
programs.
--------------------------------------------- -
Category 3: Comista,, or joint permanent committee
--------------------------------------------- -
¶15. (U) The third category of accords Brazil has signed
involve the establishment of joint permanent committees or
'comistas,. Brazil has signed agreements to create these
bodies with about 40 countries, including most, but not all,
South American countries, and with countries in every region
of the world, to include Canada, South Korea, China, Iran,
Egypt, France, India, Japan, Nigeria. Brazil has sometimes
signed accords to establish a single comista, focused on
multiple themes, with various subcomistas established to deal
with more specific subjects. For example, the Bolivian
comista, has a subcomittee on counternarcotics issues.
Brazil has also created single-issue comistas,. For
example, the counternarcotics accords Brazil signed with
Mexico, Paraguay, Spain, Venezuela, Peru all provide for the
creation of a comista, focused exclusively on
counternarcotics.
¶16. (U) These single-issue comistas, are generally
established to implement the bilateral counternarcotics
accords, and are empowered to come up with recommendations of
measures to implement the accords, as well as evaluate the
effectiveness of the measures undertaking by each country to
implement the accords. They are also, for the most part,
presided by the ministries of foreign relations of each
country and are supposed to meet at least once a year,
alternating hosting duties. They can also meet more
frequently on an extraordinary basis, but not without at
least two months notice. Some comistas, can also
establish &working groups8 and others can establish
&subcommittees8 that can meet more frequently and focus on
specific areas. The Brazil-Paraguayan comista,, uniquely,
can create either or both sub-mechanisms.
¶17. (U) There are exceptions to the rule that comistas,
are presided by the respective foreign ministries. The
BRASILIA 00000757 005 OF 007
Brazil-Mexico comista', on the Brazilian side is hosted
jointly by Itamaraty with the Brazilian Federal Police; and
both the Brazil-Peru and Brazil-Spain comistas, are
presided on the Brazilian side by both Itamaraty and SENAD.
---------
Comment:
---------
¶18. (C) Itamaraty has a robust multi-layered diplomatic
framework that enables Brazil to work bilaterally with
countries both in the region and outside of it. Although it
is hard to gage how effective these accords are at enhancing
the effectiveness of counternarcotics cooperation, at a
minimum the accords serve to establish counternarcotics
cooperation as an important and priority goal for both
countries. As seen by the variations found within the
accords, Brazil also has shown that it is willing and capable
of maintaining a flexible approach that adapts itself to the
circumstances each country presents. Itamaraty has ceded the
leading role to other agencies in some cases, such as with
Bolivia and Colombia, and has shared the lead in others with
the Presidency through SENAD. Although the existence of such
arrangements could be exploited as a means of moving forward
with a bilateral accord, it is not clear why they were made
or that the GOB would consider them as the basis for a
similar bilateral arrangement with the United States.
¶19. (C) With regard to South American regional initiatives,
these bilateral accords suggest the scope of activities that
might be broadly acceptable within the region. However,
three notes of caution: first, it is important to note that
GOB officials are often unwilling to cooperate in broader
fora on matters that they consider to be of strictly
bilateral interest (e.g., border controls). Second, by
defining problems narrowly, policymakers often reject
potential areas for cooperation as not being of legitimate
interest to other countries. For example, Brazilian
policymakers tend to minimize the legitimacy of U.S. interest
in drug trafficking through Brazil by noting that the drugs
are destined for Europe and Africa. Third, senior GOB
officials tend to address drug trafficking in a reactive
manner, rather than with a goal of putting a halt to emerging
trends. They have rebuffed some proposals to cooperate in
targeting drug traffickers by dismissing the regionalization
of criminal gangs and questioning evidence suggesting the
spread of Mexican and Colombian drug cartels into other South
American countries.
¶20. (C) Finally, Itamaraty does not enter into agreements
with the United States without considering their broader
significance for the bilateral relationship, for Brazil,s
leadership in the region, and for Brazil,s global standing.
The GOB has been most willing to engage with us in areas that
appear to confirm Brazilian equality with the United States
(e.g., in trilateral cooperation), while resisting
cooperation with us in areas where the United States will be,
or will be seen to be, the dominant partner. Within that
framework, Brazil has been willing to cooperate with us in
global fora and in joint activities with extra-regional
developing countries, but has steadfastly resisted
cooperating with the United States within South America or in
South American regional fora. End comment.
¶21. (U) Begin appendix: Below is the list of bilateral
accords examined for this cable.
Argentina:
-- 1993 Accord on cooperation to prevent the use of and to
combat the illicit trafficking of narcotics and psychotropic
substances(in effect in 1995);
-- 2002 Accord on cooperation to combat the transit of
BRASILIA 00000757 006 OF 007
aircraft possible involved international illicit activity (in
effect in 2006)
-- 2005 Exchange of notes to amendment to 1993 to establish
cooperation in the area of reducing demand for illegal drugs
in border cities (in effect in 2005)
Bolivia:
-- 1988 exchange of notes to establish a joint permanent
committee to coordinate bilateral relations (in effect in
1988)
-- 1999 Accord on cooperation to impede the illegal use of
precursors and chemical substances used in the production of
illegal drugs and psychotropic substances and psychotropic
substances (in effect in 2004)
Chile:
-- 1990 Accord on cooperation to prevent the use of and to
combat the illicit trafficking of narcotics and psychotropic
substances (in effect in 1992)
Colombia:
-- 1997 Accord on cooperation to impede the illegal use of
precursors and chemical substances used in the production of
illegal drugs and psychotropic substances and psychotropic
substances (in effect in 1999)
-- 1997 Accord on cooperation to combat the transit of
aircraft possible involved international illicit activity (in
effect in 2006)
-- 2005 Accord on Police Cooperation (not ratified)
Peru:
-- 1999 Accord on cooperation to prevent the use of and to
combat the illicit trafficking of narcotics and psychotropic
substances (in effect in 2002)
Uruguay:
-- 1991 Accord on cooperation to prevent the use of and to
combat the illicit trafficking of narcotics and psychotropic
substances (ratified in 1995)
-- 2002 Exchange of notes to amendment to 1993 to establish
cooperation in the area of reducing demand for illegal drugs
in border cities
-- 2002 Accord on cooperation to combat the transit of
aircraft possible involved international illicit activity
(ratified in 2008)
Venezuela:
-- 1997 Accord on cooperation to prevent, control, and combat
the illegal consumption and trafficking of narcotics and
psychotropic substances (in effect in 1990)
Paraguay:
-- 1988 Accord on cooperation to prevent the use of and to
combat the illicit trafficking of narcotics and psychotropic
substances(in effect in 1992);
-- 2000 Accord on cooperation to combat the transit of
aircraft possible involved international illicit activity (in
effect in 2002)
-- 2002 Exchange of notes to amendment to 1993 to establish
cooperation in the area of reducing demand for illegal drugs
in border cities (in effect in 2002)
Lebanon:
-- 2003 Accord on cooperation to combat the production,
consumption and trafficking of illegal narcotics and
psychotropic substances and to combat money laundering and
other fraudulent financial transactions (not ratified)
Mexico:
-- 1996 Accord on cooperation to combat narcotrafficking and
drug-dependency (ratified in 1997)
BRASILIA 00000757 007 OF 007
Portugal:
-- 1991 Accord on cooperation to prevent the use of and to
combat the illicit trafficking of narcotics and psychotropic
substances (ratified in 1995)
Spain:
-- 1999 Accord on the control of illicit trafficking and the
prevention of the consumption of narcotics and psychotropic
substances (ratified in 2004)
End appendix.
SOBEL