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DfEtial Jmtnral of tjrc Jnikitt aik |)nmitife fate of JjJasmuqj. 

Published under the Authority of the Sovereign Sanctuary for Great Britain and Ireland, 

Edited by the GRAND SECRETARY-GENERAL. 


Vol. II., No. 18. ] 


JUNE, 1882. (Subscription, Is. M. per [MONTHLY. 


CRATA REPOA ; 

Fourth Grade. — Chistophoris. 

Battle of the Shades (Tertnllian, de Militis Corona). 

The term of anger was ordinarily eighteen months, 
and when that had passed the Thesmophoris went to 
see the Initiate, saluting him graciously, and, after 
arming him with a sword, and buckler, invited him 
to follow him. They over-ran the sombre galleries, 
when suddenly some men masked under hideous 
figures, with flambeaus in their hands and serpents 
round them, attacked the Initiate, crying — Panis ! 

The Thesmophoris incited him to confront all 
dangers and surmount all obstacles. He defended 
himself with courage, but succumbed to numbers ; 
they then bandaged his eyes and passed a cord round 
his neck, by which he was led into the hall where he 
was to receive a new grade. He was then raised 
extended and introduced to the assembly, hardly able 
to sustain himself. 

The light was restored to him, and his eyes were 
dazzled with the brilliancy of the decorations ; the 
hall offered an assemblage of the most gorgeous pic- 
tures. The King, himself, was seated beside the Demi - 
nryos , or Chief Inspector of the Society. Below these 
high personages were seated the Stolista (Purifier by 
Water) ; the Hierostolista (Secretary), bearing a plume 
as his coiffure ; the Zacotis (Treasurer) ; and the 
Komastcs , or Steward of the Banquets. All wore the 
Alyclee [Alctheia] , truth. It was an Egyptian 
decoration. Actianus, Yar. Hist. liv. 14., chap. 34, 
speaks in these terms : — “ Eum omnium hominum 
justissimum et tenacissimum opportebat qui circa 
collum imaginem ex Sapliiro gemma confectam 
gestabat/’] 

They presented him with a cup filled with a very 
bitter drink, which they termed cice , which it was 
necessary he should drain. [This was the veritable 
beverage which bore the name of Xuxeon : Athenee, 
liv. 91 . They invested him with divers ornana 


put upon him the buskins of Anubis (or Mercury) ; 
and they covered him with the mantle of Om, orna- 
mented with a hood. 

They ordered him to seize upon a scimitar which 
was presented to him, in order that he might strike 
off the head of an individual to be found at the 
bottom of a very deep cavern which he had to pene- 
trate, and bring the head to the King. At the same 
moment all cried — “ Niobe, behold the enemy’s 
cavern ! ” Entering there, he perceived the figure of 
a very beautiful woman ; it was composed of very 
fine skin or bladder, and so artistically manufac- 
tured that it seemed to be living. 

The new Chistophoris approached the figure, took 
it by the hair, and struck off the head, which he pre- 
sented to the King and Demiurgos. After applauding 
this heroic action, they informed him that it was the 
head of the Gorgo [Gorgo t Gorgol , Gorgonne , are the 
Egyptian names of Medusa] , or spouse of Typhon, 
and who was the cause of the assassination of Osiris. 
They seized upon this circumstance to impress upon 
him that he was to be always the avenger of evil. 
He then received permission to put on a new clothing 
which was presented to him. His name was in- 
scribed in a book amongst the other Judges of the 
land. He rejoiced in free communication with 
the King, and received his daily nourishment horn 
the Court. [Diodorus of Sicily, liv. 1, de Judiciis 
iEgyptiorum.] 

With the Code of Laws they gave him a decora- 
tion which he could only wear at the reception of a 
Cistophorus, or in the City of Sais. It represented 
Isis, or Minerva, under the form of an owl ; and the 
allegory was thus interpreted : — Man at his birth is 
blind as the owl, and becomes man only by the aid 
of experience and the light of philosophy. The 
casque expressed the highest degree of wisdom ; the 
decapitated head the repression of the passions ; the 
buckler a legitimate defence against calumny; the 
column firmness ; the cruse of water a thirst for 
; the quiver, garnished with arrows, the 
of eloquence ; the pike persuasion carried 



A 



THE KNEPH. 


138 


afar, which is to say, that by his reputation one can 
at a great distance make a profound impression ; the 
palm and olive branches were the symbols of jieace. 
[Grand Cabinet Romaine, p. 26.] They further 
taught bim that the name of the great legislator was 
Jao. [Diodorus of Sicily, liv. 1, De Egyptiis Legum 
Latoribus.] This name was also the word of the 
Order. 

The members held meetings at times, where Chis- 
tophores alone could be admitted. The Chapters 
were called Pixon (Source of Justice) ; and the word 
in use at these holdings was Sasychis (an ancient 
priest of Egypt). 

The Initiate was taught the Ammonitisli lan- 
guage. [Ammonifcish was a mysterious language ; 
see word of the 1°.] The Aspirant having over-run 
the Lesser Mysteries , the object of which was to pre- 
pare him, they instructed him in the human sciences, 
up .to the moment of his being admitted to the 
Greater Mysteries , and to the knowledge of the sacred 
doctrine called the Grand Manifestation of Light, 
when there were no more secrets for h im ,*] 


AMERICAN JURISDICTION. 

New York, 

May 27th, 1882, E.V. 

To the Editor of “ The Kneph.” 

Dear Sir and Illustrious Brother, 

In tlie February number of your valuable journal 
devoted to the interests of our beloved Rite, you 
publish an article headed “American Jurisdiction,” 
and state that you will be glad to hear the other side 
of the question from me. So be it. A few facts 
will I think settle the question, which I sum up in 
these few words : — TVhether there exists a Sov. 
Sanctuary of the Antient and Primitive Rite of 
Mempdiis, in America, other than the one of which 
I am the Sov. Grand Master General ? I emphatically 
say No ! and if any body of men claim a right to 
hold meetings as a Sov. Sanctuary they do so with- 
out a shadow of authority, and are self-constituted, 
and therefore cannot be recognized by any body 
acting under legal warrant or charter. 

I could send you copies of numerous letters re- 
ceived from the Brethren in Canada in 1876, and 
later, when they applied ; to me for a Charter for a 
R.C. Chapter, and after for Senate and Council 
Charters, but you could not devote the space neces- 
sary to publish them ; but I will give you extracts, 
showing how anxious they were to obtain these 
Charters horn me, and willing to subscribe their 
names to the usual oaths of Fealty to the Sov 
Sanctuary and the Mt. 111. Sov. Grand Master 
General, Alexander B. Mott, in and for the Continent 


Jambliclius clearly explains what this was. The Priests 
professed absolutely to exhibit to the Epotae the various 
orders of Spirits. The Hero, or half gods, the elemental 
potentates archangels, angels, and tutelary Spirits. Moreover 
they described and explained the origin and qualities of these 
different orders of the upper world, in a clear and precise 
manner, shewing the great perfection to which the Egyptians 
had reduced the science of Theology.— John Yarker 


of America . How well they have kept that oath, and 
the numerous others they have taken, is best shown 
by the letter published in your issue of February, 
1882, wherein a Canada Brother denies the 
authority of the Sov. Sanctuary from which the 
Brethren obtained their Charters for subordinate 
bodies for which they applied in due form, and over 
then* signatures, subscribing to the Oath of Fealty 
in each instance. 

It might be well to state how the Antient and 
Primitive Rite of Memphis^ was introduced into Canada. 
During the early part of 1876, Bro. R. G. Hervey of 
Maitland, Ontario, Canada, called upon me and ex- 
pressed a desire to receive the Chapter Degrees of 
the Antient and Primitive Rite of Memphis, and 
stated that he was instructed by some Brethren in 
Canada to make arrangements to obtain a Charter 
for a Chapter there. After giving him all the infor- 
mation he required, J told him that if the Masonic 
Brethren who desired to aid in the organization of 
the body, would take an Oath of Fidelity to the 
Rules and Regulations of the Sov. Sanctuary, 33-96°, 
over which I presided, I would communicate the 
degree to him, and authorize him to confer the same 
upon those who would sign the usual declaration 
(which was duly forwarded to me) : — .... * 

Dated 7th February, 1876. Signed by 

“ George C. Longley. R. T. Harris. 


A. G. Hervey. 

John Dumbrille. 

D. Collins. 
Theodore H. Tebbs. 


F. C. Stratton. 

J. Easton. 

F. B. Welles. 

M. W. Lafontaine. 
F. McManus.” 


Shortly after this an application for Charter for a 
Chapter was made by the above M. M. with William 
Dobbin added, and I gave full authority to Bro. 
Hervey to confer and communicate the Chapter 
degrees ; and later all the degrees to the 33°, upon 
Bros. G. C. Longley and John Dumbrille, and after 
returning to me their Oath of Fealty I authorized 
them to call together the other Brethren, and confer 
the lower degrees upon them. Feeling desirous of 
advancing their interests, I offered them a charter 
for a Mystic Temple, which they gladly accepted, and 
again the oath was taken as per voucher A certified. 

If such a Masonic Oath is not binding, what is ? I 
also send extract from letter dated April 1st, 1876, 
from Bro. A. G. Hervey. 


“ Dear Sir and Illustrious Brother, 

“I received your parcel containing Charter and 
Ritual per express, on the 29th. I called a meeting 
yesterday, and obligated Brothers Longley and 
Dumbrille. We organized a Mystic Temple, having 
of course previously obligated the rest of the Brethren, 
and whose obligations, together with our own, duly 
signed, I now enclose. We then organized 4 Kemi ’ 
Rose Croix Chapter. We went through the Ritual, 
and thoroughly explained the Chapter Degrees, with 
which all the Brethren were very much pleased. . . . 

[ We have been, compelled to excise the form of declara- 
tion. for reasons which will be readily understood by all 
Masons.— Ed. Kneph.] 


THE KNEPH. 


139 


“I enclose petitions for Senate and Council Charters, 
which I hope you will grant, and forward as soon as 
possible .... The two Charters were very much 
admired, and by the time this reaches you they will 
be handsomely framed, and hanging up in a pro- 
minent place in our Masonic Hall. I have reserved 
a place on either side of these, for the other two, 
which we will expect at an early date. 

“ Fraternally, “ A. G. HERVEY.” 

At the bottom of this letter is written the follow- 
ing : — 

“ Dear Sir and Brother, 

“ The Mystic Temple for the province of Ontario, 
Canada, being duly formed, I beg to report myself as 
having assumed the office of Grand Master of Light, 
and to state that having read the above letter of 
Brother A. G. Hervey, 83°, that I fully concur in all 
the statements therein contained. Thanking you 
very sincerely for your fraternal kindness and 
courtesy in so liberally acceding to our wishes in 
establishing the A. and P. Rite in Canada, 

“ I remain, very fraternally, 

“ GEO. C. LONGLEY, 83°, 

“ G. M. of L.” 

You can readily appreciate that with these aiid 
numerous other similar documents, all bearing upon 
their face the words “ Sov. Sanctuary in and for the 
Continent of America,” of which M. 111. Brother 
A. B. Mott, 38-96°, is Sov. Grand Master General, 
I am at loss to understand how they can owe 
allegiance to any other Sov. Sanctuary, or by what 
power or authority they can claim the right to con- 
stitute such a body. 

Who gave them authority to make a sufficient 
number of 33° members to constitute a Sov. 
Sanctuary, and where is their Charter ? (I only 
made three 33° members). To refute the statement 
of your correspondent, on the subject of the Charter 
of this Sov. Sanctuary, containing the words, “ United 
States of America ,” I can only refer you to page 
172 of the Constitution and History of the Rite as 
published by us in 1874, and you will there find the 
word “ Amerique,” which in plain English means 
America, and therefore includes Canada as well as 
the United States, and South America, Canada 
being comparatively a small portion. 

Representatives from the Sov. Sanctuary are to 
be found exercising their authority throughout the 
two continents. If worthy and enlightened Masons 
of the Parent country had not considered that our 
Charter had a wide and extended jurisdiction, they 
would never have been willing to accept from us a 
Charter for Great Britain and Ireland, and it is with 
pride that we notice upon its certificates and other 
documents this acknowledgment of the fact ; and 
as co-workers in the good cause we admire their 
energy and glory in their success. 

Sincerely and fraternally yours, 

ALXER. B. MOTT, 83-96-90°, 

M. HI. Gd. Master Genl., 

In and for the Continent of America. 


$$tasffmc Holes anb (Queries, 

ASSYRIAN ANTIQUITIES. 

In No. 4 of this Journal will be found a query by our lamented 
Bro. J. Monckman Collier, 32° (Masonic Hermit), as to the 
meaning of certain symbols given by Bonomi in ‘‘Nineveh and 
its Palaces.” He mentions “a Maltese Cross and a Sun sur- 
rounded by a Circle,” worn by the king as jewels ; and within 
the margin of the tablet “ a Sun within a Circle, the symbol 
representing two horns, the winged globe of the Assyrians, and 
what is apparently a Tent surmounted by a Crown.” He men- 
tions, also, that in other parts of the work mention is made of 
representations of a king wearing a necklace on which are the 
following emblems: “the Sun surrounded by a Bing; the 
Moon, the Maltese Cross, the two-horned symbol and the 
three-horned Cap within a Bing,” and implies that these sym- 
bols are Masonic. The subject was taken up some time after 
by 111. Bro. C. James, who, in an exhaustive treatise (unfor- 
tunately too long for our columns), demonstrates that Masonic 
Hermit was totally in error as to the correctness of the descrip- 
tion given, and also as to any application they could possibly 
have to Masonic symbolism, and proceeds to give a more cor- 
rect description of the figures referred to and their accepted 
meaning. As III. Bro. James has evidently been at great pains 
to investigate the matter, and his arguments are, in our opinion, 
unanswerable, as well as most instructive, we have taken the 
liberty to reduce the article into such a form that we can print 
it, and with this preface present it to our readers. 

Having first stated that he had failed to identify the par- 
ticular figure mentioned as No. 174, Bro. James proceeds to 
say that in no Assyrian remains can a Maltese Cross be dis- 
covered, but that a Cross patee is frequently found, and assumes 
this emblem to be the one referred to ; also that the jewels, 
apparently dependent from the left breast, are really part of a 
necklace encircling the neck, and that this consists of two 
rows of ornaments, three in the upper row being rosette-shaped, 
and four in the lower star-shaped, enclosed in circles. The 
figure 174 represents one side of an obelisk from Nimroud, the 
subject being the reception of tribute by Shalmaneser H. from 
Shud, King of Goryan, and Jehu, King of Israel, *and belongs 
to the period 860 to 825 b.c. In the high back-ground are 
two emblems, the one resembling the winged globe of the 
Egyptians, and the other a circle surrounding a star. Bro. 
James considers the first to be a contraction of the figure of 
the divinity which accompanies the king to battle, and shews 
that instead of a winged globe the disc should have been filled 
up by the rosette ornament, usually employed when the figure 
of the god is omitted ; and the Cross patee given by Bonomi is 
really a star of seven and eight points in Layard’s illustration, 
which last is undoubtedly correct. Having thus cleared the 
ground, Bro. James supplies the meaning of the symbols. The 
star which in the old Accadian writing was the ideograph of 
the gods became, at a later date (probably before 2000 b.c.), 
the particular symbol of the Supreme Being, or “ Father of 
the Gods,” whom we may call “ Ilu,” and from whom proceeds 
time and matter as well as all the other gods ; but it was under 
the name of “ Anu” that he was known to mortals, or rather 
“ Anu ” was that aspect of “ Hu ” which the mind of man was 
able to conceive. He it was whose name was the awful and 
unpronounceable — known to the god Hea only — -and here it 
may be remarked that one,of the great points of difference be- 
tween the Assyrian and Egyptian religion was that in the 
latter a knowledge of the great and awful name could be ob- 
tained by mortals ; indeed, it was the last and mighty secret 
imparted to the fully initiated, but with the Assyrians it was 
only known to “Hea,” the god of Wisdom or Divine intelli- 
gence, himself— Hea being only another form of Anu. But 
the star was no longer the symbol of “ Anu ” in the time of 
Shalmaneser II.— many centuries before it had been usurped, 
together with his worship, by the goddess Ishtar, once con- 
sidered the mother goddess and symbolised by the moon ; but 
when the masculine “ Sin ” came to be considered the moon 
god, Ishtar was called his daughter, and also daughter of 
“ Anu,” and in the latter character obtained both the symbol 
and worship of that god. 

The other symbol which Bonomi erroneously describes as 
the “winged globe” is the contracted form of the god “Bel.” 


140 


THE KNEPH. 


When this gol is depicted in his complete form it is as a man 
from the waist upward, wearing the dress of an Assyrian 
king, and from the waist downward the expanded tail of a 
bird (dove .') ; passing behind the shoulders of the figure and 
in front of the tail is a circle, and upon it a scroll : the god 
is seen passing through the circle, the head rising above it ; 
within the circle is generally the cross patee, and four 
tongues of flame issue between the arms ; to the right and 
left of the circle are the wings of a bird, and these, with the 
tail and body of the god, form a cross. As we have seen, the 
half-human figure of the god is sometimes omitted, and the 
centre of the circle occupied by the rosette ornament — in 
other cases by the cross patee only ; this symbol being pecu- 
liar to Bel as the Demiurgus, a character assigned to him in 
the later Assyrian mythology. In the representation of a 
good king, the Assyrians depicted him as sitting on a throne 
attended by the gods, “ Sin” (Crescent Moon), “Shamas” (the 
Sun), and overshadowed by “Bel” (Cross patee), these being 
one of the forms of the Assyrian Trinity. 

The other emblems mentioned by Masonic Hermit are : — 
first, the Crescent Moon, with horns prolonged to meet in a 
circle — emblem of the god •‘Sin.’* In the early Turanidu 
mythology the moon had been the first object of worship ; 
and although on the predominance of the Semitic element 
in the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates the personification 
of the moon deity underwent a great change, its old pre- 
eminence as an object of worship was never quite obliterated. 
Second : the Cross patee is. as we have already seen, the em- 
blem of Bel. Third : the Six-point Star is the emblem of 
*■' Ishtar,” the Assyrian Venus. Fourth, the Homed Cap : 
this is a symbol of the Divine intelligence, and is only to be 
met with upon the head-dres3es of divinities or divine ani- 
mals, or in some special cases their priests. The symbol con- 
veys that grandest mystery of human life — man’s power to 
transmit to his offspring the intellectual or spiritual as well 
as the animal principle of life. Fifth, the so-called Horn 
symbol is a Trident : symbolic of the divine right, power, or 
prerogative of the king over the lives of his subjects. It is 
the emblem of destruction, and is represented as shooting 
down from the god Bel into the hand of the king as he is at 
his devotions before the sacred tree. 

It would be interesting to pursue this subject through its 
many ramifications, but we have already devoted to it a much 
larger space than we had at first intended ; and we must 
refer those who desire a further acquaintance with Assyrian 
mythology to Layard’s Nineveh. 


MASONRY AND RELIGION. 

From the “Voice op Masonry.” 

By an article on “ Masonry and the Bible,” in the April num* 
ber of the Voice, I endeavoured to show the relationship which 
the Word and the Craft bear to each other, and the views 
therein expressed are incidental to and intimately connected 
with the consideration of the present theme. It is not at all 
improbable that the relationship of Masonry to Religion is but 
imperfectly understood by the profane world, and also by many 
of the Craft. I have sometimes been pained to hear — and I 
presume others have also heard — Masons declare that Masonry 
was “ good enough a religion for them,” that “ if a man lived 
according to its teachings he need not trouble himself about 
religion or church affairs.” The Mason who has studied 
Masonic philosophy knows this to be erroneous and mis- 
chievous in its results, as tending to prejudice Christian men 
against an Order which never, even passively, arrays itself 
against or seeks to usurp or exercise the functions and character 
of Religion. The brother who holds or utters such views may 
be a zealous Mason, and may be a strictly moral man, but his 
zeal is greater than his knowledge, and his professions can only 
result in injury to the Institution which he attempts to 
magnify. 


It is, in fact, an ignorant perversion of Masonic teachings 
which, if even tacitly tolerated as Masonic doctnne, would 
drive from among us all conscientious Christians. 

The perfect ideal of Masonic character is never attained by 
even the highest type of morality. Masonry teaches that no 
man should even enter upon any great or important under- 
taking without first invoking the blessing of Deity It is not 
the purpose of this paper to inquire into or discuss the 
question as to how far a man must be religious m order to be 
eligible or qualified to pray, but it is clearly evident that he 
must have faith in God, as a prerequisite to praying, and it is 
logically presumable that if he has faith m God it is through 
the teachings of the Bible, and hence that he is a Christian. 
The religious teachings of Masonry are as definite as they can 
be made without placing the Craft on a higher and more dis- 
tinctive plane, and making it what it is not, and never was 
intended to be, a strictly religious organisation ; a character 
which it seeks to avoid. It imposes on its membeis no peculiai 
religious creed or test further than faith in God, and peisonal 
responsibility to His laws, and herein lies the great bulwark ot 
its strength, whereby it unites in its fraternal embrace men of 
every country, who meet its requirements. But while it grants 
liberal latitude as to creed, it does not encourage the idea that 
a Mason needs no creed, no religious belief, or that Masonry is 
in any respect a substitute for Religion. It does, however, 
place in his hand the book of divine revelation, which contains 
the fundamental truths on which Religion is based, and he 
cannot accord to that book the respect and veneration which 
Masonry demands at his hands without being governed by its 
teachings in forming his religious views. 

There is a vast difference between the mission of Masonry 
and that of the Church, a marked difference in their philo- 
sophies, as acting upon and affecting the human family. 
Religion claims to be regenerative. The Church professes to 
regenerate man through the power of Revealed Religion, to 
radically change his habits and actions, and to sustain aud 
uphold him in hiR revolutionised and Christianised moral and 
spiritual manhood. Its inceptive and developed principle of 
action may be expressed in the single word, regeneration. 
It is, in its propagandism, active and aggressive. It goes out 
into all the highways and byways, and by invitation and argu- 
ment seeks to win all classes of men to its fold. Its primary 
and fundamental object is to win and prepare souls for 
eternity, and a celestial inheritance beyond the grave, and the 
morality which it enjoins is necessarily a concomitant effect 
connected with the first great object. Masonry, on the con- 
trary, differing in all these characteristics, makes no claim 
and entertains no idea of regenerating degenerate man. It 
seeks not to propagate its system by solicitation, or open 
invitation to all men. It employs no direct instruments or 
agencies to induce men to enter its portals. Calmly and 
quietly it awaits the advances of those who seek to penetrate 
its mysteries, and subjects them to rigid inquiry and crucial 
test as to moral fitness and character, before proceeding even 
to vote upon their eligibility for admission. Masonry does not 
assume to regenerate or change man’s nature. It seeks by 
every means to avoid the necessity of such an effort, knowing 
that it could only result disastrously. It admits, or means to 
admit, noting but good, sound, moral material. It aims to 
make good men better, but never to make bad men good. 
That it succeeds grandly in its aims none can deny. There 
can be no practical limit to human and moral improvement, 
and the advantages and opportunities of moral development 
are strengthened and increased by association and co-opera- 
tion. To the young man who enters the Masonic family these 
advantages are of inestimable value. He is brought not only 
under the influences of salutary laws, which restrain the 
natural tendencies toward immorality, and the formation or 
indulgence of mischievous habits r but by daily contact and 
association with men of high moral character he gradually 
and unconsciously assimilates with their habits and thoughts, 
and thus developes those nobler qualities of his nature which fit 
him for the esteem of man, and usefulness to society. But he 
is never taught that this is the acme of Masonry. If he has 
studied its philosophy and comprehended its symbolism he 
has learned that “ it is not all of life to live,” even though that 
life be morally faultless, but in the sublime symbolism of the. 
third degree he must have learned that which implies a future 


THE KNEPH. 


*4*i 


state of existence, and of preparation in this life for that 
eventful period. 

Masonry is ever the handmaid of Religion, the monitor of 
the necessity of religious life and conduct, hut never assumes 
to offer itself as a substitute for Religion. While these state- 
ments are undeniable facts, it is also true, paradoxical as it 
may seem, that the bitterest, most malignant opposition to 
Masonry, amounting, were it possible, to persecution, is found 
in some so-called Christian Churches. But when we reflect 
that these churches have, on account of difference in petty 
doctrinal points, persecuted one another even to attempted 
physical extermination, we cease to wonder that Masonry- 
should become the objective point of their malignity, and it is, 
perhaps, fortunate for Religion that such an object exists, on 
which they may train their quaker guns, and discharge their 
blank broadsides, as, were it not so, they would be forced to 
find victims or subjects of persecution among their own ranks. 
Masonry is not only invulnerable to these puerile attacks, but, 
secure in her armour of eternal truth, can calmly pray, 
“ Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do.” 

The true relations of Religion and Masonry may be sym- 
bolised by two rivers having a common parent fountain, and 
flowing in courses nearly parallel to each other. The first, a 
broad, deep and tranquil stream, whose waters are clear and 
pure, a great highway free to all countries, and to every people, 
bearing on its placid current the vessels of every denomina- 
tion, sect and creed, freighted with cargoes of precious souls, 
bound to the port of the Eternal Kingdom. It is, perhaps, 
unfortunate that all cannot be subject to the same general laws 
of navigation, that rivalry and strife should exist, that collisions 
should occur, and that emissaries should cajole or drive the 
passengers of one vessel to embark on another, bearing a 
different denominational flag, but it is in no sense the fault of 
the stream that this should occur. Nor yet is it through any 
superiority of water or channel that these rival contentions 
are never suffered to exist on the sister stream. The waters 
of the first are an invigorating alterative, strengthening the 
spiritual nature, and qualifying it for eternal life; of the other, 
a stimulative moral tonic, acting upon the heart, quickening 
the impulse of charity, and developing the highest, noblest 
aspirations of the soul, in the Brotherhood of man, and the 
perfection of human character in this life. 

On the rippling current of the second, but one flag is ever 
seen, its only motto being the Fatherhood of God and the 
Brotherhood of Man. A stream bordered by groves of ever 
verdant foliage, resplendent with the brilliant hues of bloom- 
ing flowers, and fragrant with their delicious aroma, among 
whose branches birds of bright plumage flit to and fro, in 
the happy freedom of their natures, their merry chirping and 
gleesome songs pealing forth in happy strains, and borne on 
the gentle breezes from side to side of the rippling stream. 

A stream whose channel flows and meanders through the 
valleys and deserts of human life, yet ever bordered by trees, 
foliage, and flowers, flowing on and on, until, sweeping beneath 
the ever verdant acacia, it passes into and merges with the dark 
waters of the sea of eternity. 

How beautifully do the teachings of Masonry blend with those 
of Religion in subduing the passions of men, and in elevating 
their thoughts and aspirations from the lower levels of sensual 
desires, sordid pursuits and earthly hopes, to the more sublime 
aspirations for exalted character, moral rectitude, and hopes 
of a bright immortality beyond the grave, above the mists and 
shadows of human life, that ever hover, like a dark pall, along 
our pathway ! And how strong, how sustaining, is that con- 
fidence and hope, springing ever from a consciousness of 
rectitude, and of trusting, cheerful obedience to the Divine 
law. Dangers may menace, misfortunes may gather, malice 
may threaten and assail, and calumny may secretly hurl her 
venomed barb, but the just and upright Mason neither fears 
nor heeds them. Clad in the armour of Truth and Virtue, he 
moves, invulnerable to all their attacks ; yet the true Christian 
has greater and still stronger panoply, for he can look beyond 
and above all the cares and trials that confront him here ; 
hopeful, strong and strengthening in a future life of perfect 
happiness, in “ that house not made with hands, eternal in 
the heavens.” 


IJota to ^orre^oitkitts, 


To facilitate information as to the reception of Master Masons 
in good standing into the A. and P. Rite, enquiries may be 
made either personally or by letter — 

In Manchester, of the Sov. Gd. Master Genl., Bro. John 
Yarker, 33°, 96, the “Poplars,” Burton-road, Withington, 
Manchester. 

In London, of the Gd. Trea. Genl., Bro. J. H. South wood, 33°, 
98, Houndsditch ; or of the Gd. Sec. Genl., Bro. James 
Hill, 33 3 , 91, Clarence-road, Clapton. 

In Dublin, of the Gd. Expert Genl., Bro. Dr. Davies, 33°, 10, 
Lower Sackville-street. 

In Glasgow, of the Gd. Examiner Genl., Bro. T. M. Campbell, 
33°, 10, Carrick-street. 

In Aberdeen, of the Gd. Inspector Genl., Bro. T. L. Shaw, 33°, 
Regent Quay. 

In Burnley, Lancashire, of the Gd. Administrator Genl., Bro. 
S. P. Leather, 33°. 

In Havant, Hants, of the Gd. Keeper of the Golden Book, Bro. 

Jabez N. Hillman, 33°, Bedhampton. 

Forms for the return of members are supplied to each body 
gratuitously on application. Declaration forms in Books of 
50, 2/6 each. 

Bro. J. Healy. — We do not understand the drift of your ques- 
tions. Surely it is not necessary now to demonstrate the 
value of the Masonic Institution. If a Brother in reality, 
which we are disposed to doubt, you must have made very 
bad use of the opportunities afforded you to be enquiring 
“What is the use of Freemasonry?” and as to the high 
grades it would be fruitless to enter into a discussion as to 
their object and meaning with one who apparently is unable 
to master the A B C of Masonry. Still less should we be 
tempted to enter upon a controversial discussion as to the 
relation which Masonry bears to religion, or to a par- 
ticular sect. In Masonry we know nothing of Jew, Mahom- 
medan, Christian, Parsee, Bhuddist, or the like. Only 
recognising all as brethren — children of the same Father — 
heirs of the same immortality — it is enough. Sectarian 
hatred and persecution has piled up hecatombs of victims ; 
and, blaspheming the holy name of God, declared it done in 
His honour and to His Glory. Wc want no religion of that 
kind. We venture to think that Masonry comes nearer to 
the Divine standard than many so-called religious Socie- 
ties of the present day. That it is not perfect is merely 
to say that it is human; and, like all human institutions, 
liable to error ; but we trust that, in His own good time and 
way, T.S.A.O.T.U. will guide and direct us to the light, and 
in this hope we are content to remain. 

Bro, J. H. Fash. — It is not permitted to discuss Masonic sub- 
jects with a profane. When one of the outside world 
requires information on Masonic matters, he should be 
directed to the Lodge-room, where, if found worthy, he 
would be instructed. We are glad to afford information 
where we can, but we may not trespass on the privileges of 
the Lodge. 

Bro. A. Shaw, New Orleans, $*2 reed., with thanks ; parcel sent. 
Bro. G. C. Knowlton, St. Louis, per Bro. W. B. Lord, $1, with 
thanks. 

Bro. Harvey, Goodale, missing numbers sent; book packet 
advised not yet reached here, will register in future. 

Journals, <fec., received, with thanks : Chaine d' Union, La Re~ 
publique Magonnique , New York Herald . 

In consequence of the great press of matter this month, we 
have issued an extra four pages, which has necessarily 
delayed the publishing. 

The July No. of Kneph will be issued in a neat grey wrapper, 
for which Advertisements will be received at 2s. 6d. per mch, 
column wide. Address the Publisher. 

The Subscription will remain, as before, Is. 6d. per annum 
for one copy, post free. To countries not in the Postal 
Union, 6d. per annum extra. 


142 


THE KNEPH. 


ANTIENT AND PRIMITIVE RITE. 

Consecration of tbc C ratio 9@gstic 
Cernplc 

For the Province of Middlesex and Hants. 
R. 111. Bro. J. H. SooinwooD, S3 0 , G.M.L. Elect. 


The Consecration mil take place at Freemasons’ Tavern 
Great Qaeen Street, on Thursday, June 29th, at 5.30 p.m., in 
accordance with the Public Ceremonial of the lute. 

Master Masons, and Members of all duly authorised Masonic 
bodies, are permitted to attend, and are requested to wear the 
Clothing and Jewels of their respective grades. 

Brethren desiring to be present will please apply to the 
undersigned for the necessary voucher. 

Banquet at eight. Visitor’s Fee, 5s. 

By Order, 

JAMES HILL, S3 0 , 

Gd. K.. of Rites elect. 

91, Clarence Road, Clapton. 



London, June, 1882. 


bulk of the work at Manchester, if not the whole 
of it has hitherto been performed by the M. 111. 
G- M G himself, it would seem in the nature of 
thin o-s that as the Rite continues to progress in 
numbers as well as allies, a vast iiici ease of work 
must accrue, and whether this almost Herculean 
task can be continued by one Brother alone is, to 
say the least of it, doubtful, and it is questionable 
if ‘it would be advantageous, even if possible. 

The continuous strain upon the mind, and the 
small relaxation permitted to the body, must, if 
persevered in, produce results which wo should all 
deplore, and we trust, therefore, that in the selec- 
tion of a successor to our lamented Brother 
the first qualification to be considered will be 
fitness for the post ; tho second, capacity for 
work ; and the third activity. As the Rite is 
circumstanced now Active Grand Officers are a 
necessity. If the head is active, the body will be 
active also. It is where the head sleeps that the 
body becomes likewise dormant, and we cannot 
afford to sleep now. 

TSince writing the above we learn with pleasure 
that 111. Bro. Joseph Hawkins, 33°, Gr.M.L. for 
Lancashire, is to be appointed, and heartily con- 
gratulate that Brother on his advancement and 
tiie Rite on the excellent selection made by the 
M.I.G.M.G.] 


THE LATE ILL. BROTHER LABREY. 

a The King is dead. Long live the King ! ” 
Hardly have we chronicled the sad and unex- 
pected tidings when we are reminded that the 
death of our much lamented Grand Chancellor 
creates a void in the number of Grand Conser- 
vators of the Order of which grade only ten 
members of the eleven now remain in England, 
Ireland, and Scotland. In one sense it is regrets 
able that our 33° are scattered over the three 
kingdoms, inasmuch as it causes a difficulty in 
filling vacancies, especially where, as in the 
present case, it is necessary the Brother holding 
the office should be in close proximity to the M. 111. 
G.M.G. as one of the Chief Executive Officers 
of the Rite. We are not at present in a position 
to say which of the Manchester Brethren will be 
appointed to this responsible office ; but having 
regard both to fitness for the post and to services 
rendered to the Rite, we have little doubt as to the 
right man being at hand. It requires not only 
administrative ability, but a clear appreciation of 
the many points laid down in the Constitutions 
for the due government of the Order, and in view 
of the extended confederation of the Rite with 
Egypt, Italy, Roumania, America, &c., it is not 
at all likely to be a sinecure, for although the 


THE DUBLIN MASONIC BAZAAR. 

A pressure of matter last month obliged us to 
postpone a notice of this very successful and in 

every sense very praiseworthy undertaking. Judg- 
ing from the programme, and aided by oral 
description from Brethren w r ho assisted, as well 
as by the engravings in the illustrated news- 
papers, we have been able to form a very favour- 
able opinion of the Craft in Ireland. They are 
evidently live Masons , to use an Americanism, 
and they are undoubtedly in possession of good 
taste, ample means, and boundless energy. 

The plan of the Bazaar and the decoration of 
the Stalls says much for the ingenuity of the 
Brethren and their fair assistants, and the nett 
result of the whole was, we understand, not less 
than <£7,000, a sufficient proof that the object to 
he gained was not lost sight of amidst the bewilder- 
ing attractions of the Show. We have not space 
to go through the entire series of stalls, but we 
notice one or two which are quite unique in their 
their way. 

Lodge 33 — a Dutch Dairy Stall, the ladies being 
habited in Dutch dresses imported for the occasion, 
and the dairy operations being superintended by 
two Revd. Brethren, who, we presume, did. the 
churning. 


THE KNEPH. 


M3 


Hiram Lodge, 120, appears to have gone in for 
comprehensiveness, the articles sold varying from 
Limerick lace to an outside car, and including a 
handsome bride-cake presented by 111. Brother J. 
H. Southwood, 33° (the latter, by the way, stands 
over for final disposition at the election meeting, 
which takes place at the School in June). 

Shakespeare Lodge, 143, presented not only a 
fac-simile of the identical house at Stratford-on- 
Avon where the poet lived, but also living em- 
bodiments of the poet himself and Queen Elizabeth. 

The Military Lodge, No. 728, ranged them- 
selves under tc Ye Sign of ye Japanese Umbrella,” 
and set forth the attractions of their show in 
quaint and quite too utterly too too English ! 

And the Leinster Lodge, 141, undertook to 
supply the wants of the inner man with sundry 
substantial and withal dainty viands at prices 
which would drive our London Masonic 
caterers to the lowest depths of despair. Fancy 
such a tariff as this ! Plate of meat, bread and 
butter, 6d. ; Mayonaise salad, 6d. : potatoes, 
Id. ; and so on. Why that stall must have 
been beseiged by hungry Brethren and their 
friends, and we fancy that no better service was 
rendered to the cause than that given by the 
ladies who presided over No. 37. We are glad 
to learn that, notwithstanding the handsome sum 
already realised, a large balance of goods remain 
over for sale on the occasion of the opening of 
the Schools in June. We learn also that Belfast 
has applied for and obtained the use of the quaint 
16 -17th Century Street — which formed the prin- 
cipal attraction of the Bazaar — for the purpose of 
holding a similar festival in July. 


3n ^emorfam. 

GENERAL GUISEPPE GARIBALDI. 

Death has removed from amongst us the Great 
Liberator of Italy — great not only by his achieve- 
ments in the cause of liberty, and the immense 
services he rendered to his native country, but 
great also in the noble simplicity of his character, 
and the disinterestedness of his actions — the idol 
of the people, the honoured guest of Princes, he 
refused alike the titular rank, and maguificent 
fortune, which his grateful Sovereign pressed 
upon his acceptance — preferring, with true nobility 
of soul, to retire to his island home, and live by 
the labour of hands, where at the ripe age of 
seventy-five he passed peacefully away. 

For more than half-a-century his name has 
been foremost on the lips, not only of his own 
countrymen, but of the civilised world, as the 
heroic leader in desperate enterprises undertaken 
in the cause of popular freedom ; his romantic 


career, his intrepid bravery and skill, excited the 
utmost admiration and astonishment, and the 
crowning victory at Naples, by which the Two 
Sicilies were restored to Italy, and subsequently 
Rome itself, left him at the apogee of his fame. 

He well deserves all the love and veneration of 
his countrymen, for no man loved Italy so much, 
and no man had dared and suffered so much for 
her ; amongst the group of patriots who plotted 
and fought for their country’s cause, Mazzini, 
Manin, Cavour, Victor Emmanuel, none have 
inspired the affection and reverence which has 
been universally accorded to Garibaldi. He 
stands alone — “the noblest Roman of them all.” 

We of the Antient and Primitive Rite mourn 
for a Brother departed, and for a chieftain lost. 
It is but a few months ago that we chronicled the 
fete given in his honour by the Masons of Italy, 
and his acceptance of the leadership of the con- 
federated bodies of our Rite. To us, then, the loss 
is great, for we know that our departed Brother 
ever evinced the warmest sentiments towards our 
Rite, and on the occasion referred to, he expressed 
in the fullest manner his gratitude for the honour 
we had done him, and his sympathy with our cause. 

His death has deprived us of a chieftain, the 
like of whom we shall scarcely see again. May 
the remembrance of his single-heartedness and 
devotion stimulate us who remain to emulate the 
glorious example he has left us, and if we may 
not like him aspire to heroic deeds and glorious 
achievements, we may each and all of us follow at 
least the example he has set us, of pu re and un- 
selfish actions — of alife uncorrupted by temptation: 
of a life ending unspeakably grand in its sim- 
plicity. 

The leading points in his career are admirably 
given in the address by the M.W. to the Sir 
Knights of the Rose of Sharon Chapter, reported 
on another page, to which we refer our readers. 


The Late ILL. BRO. GUISEPPE GARIBALDI, 
33-97°. 

Order for Mourning. 

To the Glory of the Sublime Architect of the Universe. 

ANTIENT AND PRIMITIVE RITE OF 
MASONRY. 

(Derived through the Charter of the Sovereign Sanctuary of 
America, from the Grand Council of the Grand Lodge of 
France.) 

Salutation on all Points of the Trlangle. Respect to 
the Order. 

PEACE, TOLERANCE, TRUTH. 

To all Illustrious and Enlightened Masons throughout 
the Jurisdiction of Great Britain and Ireland 

Union, Prosperity, Friendship, Fraternity. 

Whereas the -will of T.S.A.O.T.U. has called to 
himself the soul of our revered and much loved 


r 


H4 


THE KNEPH. 


Brother General Guiseppe Garibaldi, 88-97° , Imperial 
Grand Master, and Grand Hierophant of the 
Confederated Antient and Primitive Masonry, We, 
in token of the great sorrow of our Order, and m 
loving memory of the great and good man, "whose 
loss we deplore, do order that all Chapters, Senates, 
Sublime Councils, and Mystic Temples, under our 
jurisdiction shall be placed in mourning for the space 
of thirty days, and that the Altars and Working 
Tools, be draped in black, and that the Brethren 
wear the customary badge of mourning. 

The Grand Secretary General is charged with the 
execution of this Order, 

Given at Withington, the sixth day of the Egyptian 
Month Chocac, year of true light, 000,000,882, 
answering to the 6th day of June, 1882. 

JOHN YAKKER, 38-96°, 

G. M. General of Great Britain and Ireland. 

James Hill, 33-95°, 

Gd. Sec. General. 


Aperts of fgtasffitic Bobus. 

LONDON. 


Rose of Sharon, Rose Croix Chapter. — The Installation 
Meeting was held at No. 6, the New Chapter Rooms, Free- 
masons’ Tavern, on Thursday, 8th inst., when R. 111. Bro. J. H. 
South wood, 38°, G. Treas. Genl., was installed in accordance 
with the Public Ceremonial of the Rite ; many R. Arch 
Comps, and Craft Brethren taking advantage of the occasion 
to witness the interesting ceremony. The proceedings com- 
menced by the Secretary of the Chapter, R. 111. Bro. James 
Hill, 83°, G. Sec. Genl., assuming the Chair as President. 
The Grand officers were then announced and received under 
the Arch of Steel; R. 111. Bro. Hy. Meyer, 33°, G.M.G.C., 

- taking the duties of installing officer, assisted by the Gd. Sec. 
Genl. The M.W. and Sir Knts. S. and J.W. having been duly 
installed, the Chapter was lighted, and amidst the pealing 
notes of a magnificent organ and the burning of incense, the 
Brethren and visitors joined in singing the Anthems selected 
for the occasion. 

The Chapter room at this point presented a scene of great 
brilliancy, the floral decorations of the altar, and the wreaths 
encircling the columns being much admired, while the 
splendid display of banners and bannerets gave an air of 
grandeur to the Hall which utterly astonished both members 
and visitors, the latter expressing their great appreciation of 
the whole ceremony. At the close of the public ceremonial, 
the chain of fraternal union was formed, and on the Brethren 
resuming their seats, the loving cup was passed round in 
silent memory of the late 111. Bro. Gen. Garibaldi, the Organist 
of the Chapter, Bro. Louis Honig, playing a solemn requiem — 
The M.W. then delivered the following address : — 


Sir Knights and Brethren, — 

We have just paid the last tribute of respect to the memory 
of our deceased Imperial Grand Master, and it is fitting on 
such an occasion to pass in review the chequered career of 
this truly good and great man. 

Our Brother, Joseph Garibaldi, who died at the island of 
Caprera on Friday last, was in very truth one of the most 
remarkable men either of the present or any past age; his 
life, a brilliant example of pure and disinterested patriotism, 
was full of the most extraordinary vicissitudes and adven- 
tures, and his grand and noble character stood the severest 
tests any man could possibly be subjected to. With the 
fortunes aud wealth of a whole kingdom at his feet, he 
preferred living by the labour of his hand to living a life 
of indolence and luxury which a grateful nation would have 
enabled him to lead by offering him an enormous pension, 


which he rejected in favour of the widows and orphans of 
his faithful followers who had died m the fight for the 
independence of their country. Never did he soil his hands 
bv ih-R 0 tten gains, never did he join in those paltry party-quib- 
bles which so often disgraced the political factions of his native 
land Fi^htin" for the liberation of his country, he, although 
an ardentrepublican , after achieving his object nobly sunk: his 
own private opinions in the interests of the unification of Italy; 
bv supporting the monarchical form of government, well 
knowing that the country was not ripe fora republic. The 
way in which he bore the ingratitude of the lung whom he 
made who had him hunted down by his soldiers, wounded 
and imprisoned him, and would have left him to the tender 
mercies of the Austrians, but for his faithful followers,— 
would have stamped Garibaldi at all times as a truly great 
and noble-minded man, who forgave those that persecuted 
him, and blessed those that cursed him. The history of the 
life of this truly wonderful man is a grand epic poem which 
will be read with admiration by generations yet unborn. And 
how his followers adored, how his people loved him ! Through 
fire and water, through storm and battle, his red-shirted 
volunteers followed their undaunted leader; wherever he 
appeared, the enslaved took heart, the oppressed began to 
hope ; the mere sight of him was sufficient to raise his 
despondent people to enthusiasm ; once more they took 
heart and drove out their oppressors, the Austrians, who had 
trodden down all national aspirations, and ruthlessly de- 
stroyed all who dared to resist their own iron rule. And 
Garibaldi was eminently the man for the occasion ; of iron 
frame and stiong will, of indomitable courage and extra- 
ordinary presence of mind, ever foremost in battle and 
danger, he inspired his people with confidence, which bore 
all before it, which could neither be shaken by reverse, nor 
by apparently insurmountable difficulties ; wounded, they 
fougbt for him; dying they saluted him. And never did he 
betray the confidence placed in him ; for not even his worst 
enemies dared to breathe a word of calumny against him; 
grand and pure, his patriotism stood out in Italy’s darkest 
hours ; a rallying-point for the weak, a tower of strength in 
himself, he did what he promised to do: he liberated his 
country, drove out the Austrians, destroyed the Bourbon 
power in Naples, gave bick Italy to the Italians, rejected all 
honours and emoluments, and died as what he had been 
all his life : a poor but honest man, a pure patriot, a true 
liberal. 

After having given an outline of the man, a cursory glance 
at his life and actions will suffice. Born at Nice in July, 
1807, Garibaldi early joined the Sardinian fleet, where, by 
his boldness and circumspection, he soon attracted the atten- 
tion of his superiors, and would no doubt have made a 
brilliant career, had he not been fired by Mazzini’s noble 
efforts to liberate Italy, and joined in a conspiracy, which 
was discovered and defeated, by being compelled to fly to 
Marseilles, from whence he proceeded to Tunis, where he 
entered the service of the Bey. In 1836 he proceeded to 
South America, where he fought for the Republic of Uruguay 
against Brazil and the Dictator Rosas in Buenos Ayres, 
after undergoing all manner of hardship, and passing through 
adventures almost incredible. Here he married the daughter 
of an estancier (farmer), his beloved Anita, who shared all 
his adventures and dangers, and in every respect proved a 
worthy wife of such a man. Then came the news of the 
revolution in Italy, and in April, 1848, he left Montevideo 
with his faithful wife and a hundred trusty followers ; on 
arriving at Turin, King Alberto gave him the cold shoulder, 
and only gave him a command when too late, for just as 
Garibaldi with his volunteers was invading the Southern 
parts of Tyrol, a truce was concluded, soon to be followed 
by a temporary peace. Then followed that series of struggles 
which ultimately ended in the liberation of Italy. In 1849 
Garibaldi defended Rome, where a republic had been esta r 
blished, against the French, defeated the Neapolitans, but 
had ultimately to succumb to superior numbers. He then 
went northward and fought the Austrians, was surrounded 
and overpowered by them, dissolved the remnants of his 
corps at San Marino, escaped to Ravenna, where his wife 
Anita succumbed to the almost unheard-of hardships she 


had suffered with him ; hunted like wild beasts through 






THE KNEPH, 


i45 


forests and swamps by tbe Austrians and by the troops of 
his own ungrateful Sovereign, he was taken prisoner by the 
latter, and had the choice between imprisonment and emi- 
gration. He preferred the latter, went to Tunis, was expelled 
from thence at the instigation of France, and again went to 
America, where he got his living as a soap-boiler and candle 
maker, and saved enough money to purchase, on his return 
to Italy in 1854, the northern part of the island of Caprera, 
since become historic by his sojourn and death. Here he 
followed the pursuits of an agriculturist and fisherman but 
always remained in close contact with Mazzini and other 
Italian patriots. On the war breaking out between France 
and Austria, in 1859, he immediately took up his sword for 
the Italian cause, defeated the Austrians at Yaresa and San 
Fermo, and would have entered the Tyrols, had not the peace 
of Villafranca stopped his victorious career. Again he retired 
to Caprera, but when in 1860 an insurrection broke out in 
Sicily, he landed with a thousand followers at Marsala, took 
Palermo, conquered the whole island, went over to Calabria, 
defeated the Neapolitans, drove King Bomba from Naples, 
entered the town in triumph, handed the whole kingdom of 
Naples over to Victor Emmanuel, and retired with thirty 
francs in his pocket to his island home. In 1862 he marched 
upon Rome, was defeated and wounded at Aspromonte by the 
troops of his grateful (?) Sovereign, taken as prisoner of war 
to Spezzia, graciously pardoned, and allowed to return to 
Caprera, where he remained till 1864, in the summer of 
which year he visited England, receiving such an ovation 
that the then Government got uneasy, hinting that his room 
was preferred to his presence, which hint Garibaldi under- 
stood and acted upon by suddenly leaving England. In 
1866 he again took up arms against Austria, was miserably 
left in the lurch by his King, and left in disgust for Caprera. 
In 1867, he organised an expedition against Rome, was 
arrested at Asinalunga by order of the Italian Minister, 
Ratazzi, who sent him back to Caprera, from whence he 
escaped a few weeks later to France, where he organised 
another expedition against Rome, but was defeated by the 
combined Papal and French forces under General de Failly 
at Mentana, mainly through the superiority of the Chassepot 
guns, which, as de Failly telegraphed to Paris, “ worked won- 
ders.” Again arrested by the troops of his own Sovereign, he 
was, on his claiming his American citizenship, allowed to 
proceed to Caprera, where be remained till the end of 1870, 
when he foolishly took the command of the French army 
of Vosges, was defeated, elected a member of the French 
National Assembly, and finally left France in disgust. The 
French, meanwhile, having left Rome, and that town having 
been made the Capital of Italy, the dream of his life had 
been fulfilled, and he practically retired from politics, only 
now and then supporting the cause of liberty by his speeches 
and letters. Being elected Deputy, he entered, in January, 
1875, Rome, amidst the most enthusiastic plaudits of the 
people whom he had so nobly and disinterestedly served. 
He soon retired again to his beloved island, getting his 
living as before, but began gradually to break up, and in 
the beginning of the present year had to visit the waters of 
Naples. His last public appearance was at Palermo, in 
March last, on the occasion of the 6th Centenary Com- 
memoration of the Sicilian Vespers, where, however, he was 
already so weak, that he could not deliver the speech he 
intended to deliver. Returning to Caprera, he gradually sank, 
and died on the 2nd day of the present month, full of years 
and of honours, regretted by all, despised by none, an ornament 
to the nation from whence he had sprung, a bright example 
of noble patriotism and single-minded disinterestedness. 

The visitors having retired — Chapter was opened in due form, 
and the Secretary having read the balustre, the ordinary busi- 
ness was proceeded with. The M.W. investing his officers for 
the year as follows : — 111. Bros. E. Harrison, 31°, Kt. S.W. : 
T. Sims, 31°, elect Kt. J.W. : B. Meyer, 31®, Kt. Orator : 
H. Meyer, 33°, Kt. Treasurer : J. Hill, 33°, Kt. Sec. and 
Archivist: Sir Knts. C. Mussared, 11°, Kt. Conductor: A. 
Mullord, 11°, Kt. Capt. of Gd.: C. Bassett, 11°, Kt. Gd. of 
Tower : HI. Bro. Louis Honig, 30°, Kt. Organist. The Secre- 
tary reported that, as Gd. Sec. Gen., he had received an order 
from the M. HI. Sov. G. M. Gen., that as a mark of respect to 
the late M. HI. Bro. Gen. Garibaldi, all Chapters, Senates, 


Councils and Mystic Temples of this jurisdiction were to be 
placed in mourning for thirty days. 

Chapter was then closed, and the Brethren repaired to the 
banquet room, where they were joined by the visiting Brethren, 
and did ample justice to Bro. Best’s excellent catering. 

On the removal of the cloth, the usual loyal and Antient 
and Primitive toasts were duly given, and responded to, the 
intervals being enlivened by the tine playing of Bro. Honig 
on the piano, and Bro. Rattray on the euphonium. Bro. A. 
Mullord gave several songs in capital style, and the tyler’s 
toast brought this most successful meeting to a close. 

We should not allow the record of this meeting to pass 
without paying a warm tribute of thanks to Bro. Best, for the 
kindly interest shewn in the comfort of his guests, not only 
in the banquet room, but also in the Chapter room, and we 
congratulate the Rose of Sharon Chapter on having secured 
such excellent quarters for their future meetings. 

MANCHESTER. 

Palatine and Jerusalem Chapter of Antiquity, No. 2. — 
The ordinary monthly meeting of this Chapter was held on 
Monday evening, the 22nd ult., at the Grosvenor Hotel, 
Manchester, and was well attended. 

The Brethren of this Chapter seem to take a great interest 
in the work of the various degrees, and it is pleasing to be able 
to say that they exhibit an evident determination to spare no 
pains in rendering the ceremonies in the most impressive 
manner, and as becomes those who observe beneath the 
surface of the outward ceremony an interior meaning pregnant 
with great good to those who take the trouble to search. 

The names of four aspirants for advancement were before 
the Chapter, two of whom, viz., Brother Jordan Ashworth, 
W.M. Elect of the Arlecdon Lodge, Cumberland, No. 1660, 
and Brother John Grundy, of Lodge of Virtue, Manchester, 
No. 152, presented themselves, and were duly conducted 
through the mysteries of the 4° Discreet Master and 11° 
Knight of the Rose Croix, 111. Brothers R. H. Holt, 32°, and 
G. A. Robinson, 30°, acting as conductors of the Neophytes. 

Since the last meeting of the Chapter an old and devoted 
adherent of this Rite, an officer of the Sovereign Sanctuary, 
and an 111. Brother of this Chapter, has been very suddenly 
summoned by the Sublime Grand Master of the Universe to 
attend the Grand Chapter above. We refer to our late 111. 
Brother and Sir Knight Beeby Bowman Labrey, S.G.C., which 
took place on the 25th of April. HI. Brother Yarker, in 
referring to the melancholy event, spoke in terms of high 
praise of Brother Labrey both personally and as a member of 
this Rite, to which he had been long devotedly attached, and 
deeply regretted that the Chapter should lose the services 
thus early of one who was universally respected, who would 
have been an ornament to the Chapter, and a valuable aid in 
its Councils. It was a matter of regret that Brother Labrey’s 
death was so sudden and unexpected that no opportunity was 
afforded of informing 111. Brethren generally of the interment, 
which took place at Disley Church on the 29th of April. 
111. Brother Yarker, 33-96°, S.G.M., G. A. Robinson, Secretary, 
and R. H. Holt, 32°, G.M.C., attended to pay the respects of 
the Rite to the memory of our deceased Brother. 

The Sir Knight Secretary announced that an application 
had been received from R. 111. Brother Southwood, G.T.G., for 
subscriptions to the Royal Masonic Benevolent Institution, 
and the sum of £5 5s. having been subscribed by a number of 
the Brethren to constitute the M.W. a Governor of the Insti- 
tution for 15 years, the Secretary was requested to remit that 
amount to the G.T.G. R. 111. Brother Southwood. There being 
no further business the Sir Knights present adjourned to the 
Feast of Fraternal Affection. The Feast was prepared by the 
proprietor of the Grosvenor Hotel in a manner at once befitting 
the dignity of a high-class hotel and most agreeable to the 
111. Brethren, and was gracefully presided over by the M.W. 
111. Brother Hawkins. 

Mystic Temple, 32-94° (Lancashire, &c.). — Owing to the 
decease of the G.M. of Light, HI. Brother B. B. Labrey, 33-95°, 
a meeting was called by the Past G.M. of Light, 111. Brother 
John Yarker, 33-96°, G.M., and in attendance were 111. Brother 
R. H. Holt, 32°, as Gd. Orator, and HI. Brother Ohanness 
Andreasion, 32°, as Gd. Examiner; 111. Brother Joseph 
Hawkins, M.W. of Palatine and Jerusalem Chapter, No. 2, and 


. THE KNEPH. 


i4 6 



III. Brother Win. Hy. Quilliam, M.W. of the Lily of the Valley 
Chapter, No. 7, received the 32° Prince of Memphis. 111. 
Brother Hawkins, 32°, was elected for installation as G.M. of 
Light in succession to 111. Brother Labrey, 33-95°. 111. Brother 
Bd. Higharn was nominated as Sub-Dai. of the Council. The 
proposed officers for the present year aie the following : 111. 
Brother Hawkins, 32°, G.M. of Light ; Chas. James, 33°, 
elect GJ. Orator ; W. H. Quilliam, 32°, Gd. Examiner ; 0. 
Andreasion, 32°, Gd. Treasurer ; lid. Higham, Gd. Annalist ; 
B. H. Holt, 32°, G.M. of Ceremonies. The next year’s 
elections of No. 2, 7, and, we hope, No. 3, Burnley, will give a 
strong Mystic Temple. 


GLASGOW. 

St. Andrew Hose Chapter, No. 9. — The regular meeting 
was held in St. Mark’s Hall, 213, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, 
on Friday, the 17th March, when the following illastrious 
Brethren were duly elected officers for the ensuing year : — 
Hubert Morrison, 31°, M.W. : John M. Campbell, 30°, S.W. : 
James Bice, 30°, J. W. : Charles Marshall, 31°, Orator : 
Colin McKenzie, 32°, Treas. : John M. Buchanan, 30°, 
See, John Templeman, 30°, Conductor : Bobert Muir, 30°, 
Archivist : Bobert Jamieson, 30°, Captain of the Guard : 
James Baird, 30°, Guard of the Tower : John S. Adamson, 
30 r , Sentinel. 

An Emergency Meeting of the Chapter was held in the 
above hall on Friday, the 28th April. Present 111. Bros. 
Bobert Morrison, 32°, M.W. : John M. Campbell, 30°, S.W. : 
James Jardine, 30°, acting J.W. : Charles Mclver, 30°, as 
Orator: John M. Buchanan, 30°, Sec. : Colin McKenzie, 32°. as 
Conductor : James Baird, 30°, Captain of the Guard, and other 
111. Brethren, when the Neophyte, Brother Alexander Mercer, 
P.M. of Lodge Scotia, No. 178, P.M.E.Z., Ac., was perfected 
ill the mysteries of Ii.X., duly proclaimed and installed a 
Knt. of the Eagle and Pelican, free of H.R.D.M. The 
Most Wise congratulated Sir Knt. Mercer on the advance- 
ment he hail made. Sir Knt. Mercer thanked the Most 
Wise, remarking that after the very imposing ceremony he 
had gone through, he would do all in his power for the A. 
and P . Bite. On the same evening, 111. Bro. A. Mercer was 
duly O.B. in the duties of K.H.P. 20° and S.M.O.T.G.W. 30°. 

St. Andrew Bose Croix Chapter, No. 9. — The regular 
Meeting was held in St. Mark’s Hall. Present : -—Sir Knts. 
Bobert Morrison, 32°, M.W. : John M. Campbell, 30°, S.W. : 
Wm. Brown, acting J.W. : Alexander Mercer, 30°, as Orator : 
Clyde Duncan, 32°, Sub-Dai., as Captain of the Guard: 
Colin McKenzie, 32°, as Conductor : James Baird, 30°, Guard 
of the Tower, and others. 

An application for advancement was read from Bro. James 
A. Miller, J.W. of Lodge Margliill, No. 510. He was after- 
wards perfected in the mysteries of the Rose Croix, Ac. 
The Most Wise expressed the pleasure he felt on meeting 
Bro. Miller on this occasion, Ac. He was then saluted as a 
Knt. of the R.X. Bro. Miller thanked the assembled Knts. 
for the courteous manner in which he had been received, and 
for the honour just conferred upon him; he stated that he 
was charmed with the ceremony. He had been led to under- 
stand that it was very impressive, but it had exceeded his 
expectations. He begged to congratulate the M. W. and 
Ins officers on the admirable manner in which the whole 
proceedings had been conducted, as without doubt the success 
of the ceremony depended very largely on the able and 
harmonious performance of their various duties. Bro Miller 
concluded by saying that he hoped to prove himself worthy 
of the Order now conferred upon him. 

There being no further business the Chapter was closed in 
A. and P. form. 

St. Andrew Senate, K. H. P., No. 5.— On Friday, the 21st 
Apnl the Senate was held in St. Mark’s Hall, for the election 
of Office Bearers for the ensuing year. The following were 
duly elected:— ID. Knts. Andrew Holmes, 32°, Sub-Guard' 
Commander : William Brown, 30°, M.L., Senr. Knt. 1 : Clyde 
Duncan, M L., Junr. Knt. 1: Chas. Marshall, 31°, 111. Knt 
Orator : Cohn McKenzie, 32°, P. Sub-Guard Conductor Knt’ 
of Finance: John M. Buchanan, 30°, HI. Knt. Recorder: 
Joseph MacAulay 30°, HI. Knt. Marshal : Robert Muir, 30°, 
Archivist : John Templeman, 30°, HI. Knt. of Introduction • 


James Baird, 30°, HI. Knt. Captain of the Guard: William 
Wallace, 30°, 111. Knt. Standard Bearer : George Gourlay, 30°, 
111. Knt. Sword Bearer : Robert Jamieson, 30°, 111. Knt. Guard 
of the Sanctuary : John S. Adamson, 30°, Sentinel. 

St. Andrew’ Grand Council, U.D. — An Emergency Meeting 
was held in St. Mark’s Hall, on Friday, 28th April, when the 
following Hlustrious Brethren were duly elected Office 
Bearers Clyde Duncan, 31°, Sub-Dai. : James Jardine, 30°, 
1st Myst : Charles Marshall, 31° f 2nd Myst : Alexander 
Mercer, 30°, Orator: Colin McKenzie, 32°, P. Sub-Dai., Treas. : 
John M.C. Buchanan, 30°, Sec. : John G. Phillips, 30°, 
Archivist : John Dick, 31°, Master of Science : Wm. Brown, 
30°, Accompanier : Wm. Wallace, 30°, Standard Bearer : 
Robert Muir, 30°, Sword Bearer : George Gourlay, 30°, Guar- 
dian of Sanctuary : John S. Adamson, 30°, Sentinel. 

The Secretary was instructed to draw Petition for Charter, 
and no further business, the Grand Council was closed, 
after which 111. Bro. Alexander Mercer, 30°, was duly received 
and obligated into the degrees of Mizraim, to 86°. 

FRANCE. 

Official Act of Masonic Powers. 

Convention 

between the “ Grand Orient of France Supreme Council ” for 
France and dependencies, and the “ Grande Lodge Symbolique 
Ecossaise.” 

Article 1st. 

The Gr. L. S. declares to join the lodges of the first three 
degrees of the Gr. Or. of France, to form with them one and 
the same Symbolic obedience. The Gr. Or. of France declares 
to renounce all organic and administrative authority for 
Chapters, Senates and Councils, known under the name of 
“ Ateliers Capitulaires et Philosophiques,” actually attached 
to lodges of the first three degrees. 

Article 2nd. 

The Ateliers Capitulaires et Philosophiques belonging to 
the Gr. Or. are invited to reconstitute the national S. C. for 
France and dependencies, and to be bound hy a treaty of 
friendship and alliance to the new Symbolic Power as stated 
in Art. 3. The Gr. L. S. pledges itself to dissolve the con- 
federation of the blue ledges existing under this name, as soon 
as the Constituent Assembly has settled the fundamental 
agreement of the new Symbolic obedience. 

Article 3rd. 

The new Symbolic Power would take the name of “ Grand 
Orient of France, Grande Lodge Symbolique Nationale.” 

taris. 

Sunday, 21st ultimo, a grand Masonic fete was given in the 
Trocadero for the benefit of the “Bous de Consommation,” 
under the honorary presidence of M. Louis Blanc, the 
patronage of the 64 lodges of Paris and suburbs, and the 
Trades Committees of Bakers and Butchers. The band of the 
74th Infantry opened the fete by an overture of Zampa. 

The Choir (90 performers) of the “ Soci6t6 de l’Ecole Galin- 
Paris-ChevS,” under the direction of Mr. Arnaud Chev6, 
must not be forgotten for the harmony of the 1° “ Choer 
des Chasseurs du Freyschuts ” by Weber ; 2° “ Scene et 
Choeur des Buveurs du Comte Ory” by Rossini. The 
National hymn “ La Marseillaise,” played by the band and 
sung by many of those present, closed the fete. 

Orient of Paris, June 5th, 1882. 

To the family of Garibaldi, and to the Italian Lodges. 

The Lodge La Renaissance unite in sending an address of 
solemn coudolence to the family of Garibaldi, and to the 
Lodges of Italy ; desiring to take part in the sad sentiments 
with which the people are afflicted, in the loss of one of the 
greatest lights cf humanity. 

Signed by all the Brethren present. 

We regret to learn the decease, on the 12th inst., at the early 
age of 37, of Madame Chamault (nee Marie Blanchet), wife of 
our 111. Bro. Victor Chamault, of Paris. The deceased lady 
was interred at Laverenore, St. Hilaire (Seine), in the presence 
of a numerous concourse of relatives and friends. We respeot- 
fully offer the condolences of the English Brethren to our 
bereaved Brother and his family. 









the kneph. 


147 


To the Glory op the Sublime Architect of the Universe 

ANTIENT & PRIMITIVE RITE OF MASONRY, 

IN AND FOR THE 

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 
and its Dependencies. 

SOVEREIGN SANCTUARY, 33°. 

To all Illustrious and Enlightened Masons throughout the World , 
Union , Prosperity, Friendship , Fraternity . 

The Antient and Primitive Hite of Masonry, Disciples of 
Memphis, was founded as a Grand Lodge at Montauban, 
France, in the year 1814, by the Illustrious Brothers Gabriel 
Mathieu Marconis de Negre ; Samuel Honis, of Cairo ; Baron 
Dumas, Hypolite Labrunie ; Marquis de Baroque; J. Pettitt, 
and others, and is an incorporation of the various Primitive 
Rites worked in the preceding century, and notably the Primitive 
Rite of Philadelph.es of Narbonne, to which the Antient and 
Primitive Rite refers for the origin of its principles and form of 
government. The seven classes into which its degrees are divided 
are really schools for the study of Masonic knowledge, physics 
and philosophy, and possessed originally ninety-five rituals, 
the production of more than a quarter of a century of assiduous 
labour and research, concerning all known Masonic Rites. 

The Grand Lodge of the Disciples of Memphis, after an 
interval of sleep, recommenced work at Brussels, in 183S, and 
at Paris in 1839, when it published its statutes ; but, in 1841, 
the Grand Master, Hierophant, the Illustrious and Enlightened 
Brother Jacques Etienne Marconis, 33-97°, was forced by an 
illiberal government to put all the Lodges in France asleep — 
first, however, establishing a Council, or Regency, of seven 
members, for the preservation of the Archives, and the revival 
of the Rite under a more liberal regime, in 1848 our Order 
revived its work at the Orient of Paris, and continued to 
prosper, establishing itself in America, Egypt, Roumania, and 
various other countries. America received it joyfully in 1856, 
and in I860 the New York Council of the Rite included the 
number of 100 Past Masters, under the rule of the Illustrious 
Brother David MacClellan ; Egypt accepted it in 1S60. 

In 1862 the Illustrious Grand Master, Hierophant, united our 
Antient and Primitive Rite with the Grand Orient of France, 
and the High Grades continued to be conferred by the recog- 
nized Grand Council of Rites of the Grand Orient, and a formal 
Concordat was promulgated by the said Grand Orient, and the 
Illustrious Grand Master, J. E. Marconis, 33-97°, which arranged 
the relative values of the degrees of our Rite with those of 
Mizraim, the Antient and Accepted, and other Rites, recognized 
by the said Grand Council of Rites. 

Upon this, in the same year, 1862, the Illustrious Grand 
Master, J. E. Marconis, 33-97°, acting in conjunction with 
Marshal Magnan, 33°, the Grand Master of the Grand Orient, 
formerly constituted the Sovereign Sanctuary of America, 
33-95°. Shortly after the degrees of the Rite were reduced 
from 95°, to 33°, by simply eliminating those which were con- 
ferred only by name, hut retaining all ceremonial grades. The 
Grand Orient of France continued to exchange Representatives 
with the Sovereign Sanctuary of America, and lists thereof will 
be found in the French Official Calendar, until 1869, when in 
consequence of the invasion of American territory by the recog- 
nition of a spurious Council of the Antient and Accepted 
Scottish Rite, the Americans withdrew from Representation. 

In the year 1S72 several Illustrious Brethien who had 
previously received the 33-95°, obtained a Charter for the 
establishment of a Sovereign Sanctuary, in and for Great Britain 
and Ireland, with Illustrious Brother John Yarker as Grand 
Master General, 33-96°, and in the same year received many 
Brethren, members of ilie Royal Grand Council of Antient 
Rites, time immemorial, meeting since last century, and more 
recently under H.R.H. the Duke of Sussex, Grand Master ; 
and in 1874 the Jerusalem Chapter of Antiquity, H.R.M. — 
K.D.S.H., was formally amalgamated with the Palatine 
Chapter, No. 2, and Senate No. 2, of the Antient and Primitive 
Rite of Masonry, thus giving the Rite the prestige of a time 
immemorial association in England. 

One of the earliest resolutions passed by the new Sovereign 
Sanctuary was for the establishment of an Order of Merit, of 
three classes, 1st, for Saving Life ; 2nd, Presence of Mind ; 
3rd, Literary and General Merit. The decoration is a bronze 


star, the three classes being distinguished by ribbons of different 
colours. Besides this, the Rite possesses five Decorations, 1st, 
the Grand Star of Sirius, or Hope : 2nd, the Cross of Alidee, or 
Truth ; 3rd, the Cross of the Third Series ; 4th, the Lybic Chain ; 
5th, the Golden Branch of Eleusis, or Charity. These decora- 
tions are exclusively the reward of Merit, and are conferred 
in a Grand Chancery, one in consecutive order every year. 

A full history of the Rite, with the narrative of its early 
struggles, on its introduction to England, may be obtained 
from the Grand Secretary General, and as a contribu- 
tion to Masonic history is well worth perusal. Few, 
indeed, could rise from the study of its straightforward 
narrative of events, easily pro red by the references given, with- 
out the conviction that our Rite has not only a legitimate 
Masonic standing, second to none in the world, but that it has 
also the far higher claim to universal Masonic recognition. It 
is almost the only Rite which has had the courage to face, for 
previous years, the privations and trials inseparable from the 
poveity attendant upon spending every penny of its limited 
funds in the completion of its Rituals, and the world wide ex- 
tension of the Truth, resting content with the conviction that, 
sooner or later, its value must be recognised by every thoughtful 
Mason, as a means whereby Masonry may be restored to its 
pristine purity, and man to bis intellectual birthright. To those 
who linger fondly over the attractions of a sumptuous banquet 
and grudge the time spent in labour as a theft t rom the precious 
hours given to indulgence of the senses, we offer nothing that 
will be prized, but to the intellectual Mason, the earnest searcher 
after truth, we offer a banquet that never satiates, a feast from 
which comes no repletion, a feast of reason, leaving an unfailing 
appetite, and no sad remembrances for the morrow. 

In conclusion, a few words as to the practical principles of 
the Antient and Primitive Rite of Masonry: — 

It is universal, and open to every Master Mason who is in 
good standing under some constitutional Grand Lodge, and 
believes in the Fatherhood of God and the Brotherhood of Man, 

The only other qualification which it requires from its Neo- 
phyte is probity and honour, and it esteems Masonic worth, 
ability, and learning, above social and personal distinctions, 
seeking by means of its comprehensive ceremonials to extend 
Masonic Knowledge, Morality, and Justice, and enforce all 
those great principl es which distinguish true Masons of all time. 

Its Rituals are thirty in number, and are based upon those of 
the craft universal ; they explain its symbols, develope its mystic 
philosophy, exemplify its morality, examine its legends, tracing 
them to their primitive source, and dealing fairly and truthfully 
with the historical features of symbolical Masonry. They con- 
tain nothing in their teaching but what Mahommedan , Christian, 
Jew, Buddhist, Brahmin, or Parsee may alike acknowledge. 

The government of the Rite is elective in its character, and 
it extends the hand of brotherhood to all legitimate Rites. It 
is in cordial union with a number of grand bodies of its own or 
similar Rites, with whom it has representatives established, and 
its influence is silently extending over the face of the whole globe. 

The ceremonials of the Rite are divided into three series and 
the Masters of each section receive the 31 and 32°, and consti- 
tute the Judicial Tribunal, 31 °, and the Mystic Temple, 32°, of 
which the Presiding Officer, or Grand Master of Light, receives 
the 33°, to enable him to represent his Province in the Sovereign 
Sanctuary, 33-95°. 

It is ordered by the Sovereign Sanctuary 

1. That Dispensations may be given to any individual Mem- 
ber of the Rite in any town, where no subordinate body exists, 
to receive a sufficient number of Brethren to form a Chapter, 
Senate, or Council. 

2. That Chapters of the Rose Croix (11-1 S°) ; Senates 
of Hermetic Philosophers (20-33°) ; Councils of Sublime 
Masters of the Great Work (30-90°) ; and Mystic Temples 
(32-94°) ; may be Chartered throughout our jurisdiction, in 
accordance with the General Statutes. 

3. That Grand Mystic Temples — Councils General, may be 
constituted in any of the Colonies and possessions of the United 
Kingdom, subject to the General Statutes of the Order, with 
privileges similar to the Grand Mystic Temples— Councils 
General, of England, Ireland, and Scotland. 

4. Applications to be made to the Grand Secretary General (or 
to the Grand Chancellor Generator Grand Master General), who 
will furnish all information as to fees or the mode of proceeding. 


148 


THE KNEPH. 




ANTIENT & PRIMITIVE RITE OF MASONRY. 


(INCLUSIVE OF MEMPHIS AND MIZItAIM.) 

The degrees of this Rite are open to all Master Masons in 
good standing. It teaches the Fatherhood of God, the Brother- 
hood of Man, and the Immortality of the human Soul. Strictly 
unsectarian, it offers an intellectual treat of the highest order 
to the Masonic enquirer, -whether he be a literal student of 
Masonic history, or a philosophical seeker of abstruse truth. 
It forms a Pyramid whose base is that Universal Craft Masonry, 
which has covered the Globe, its time-worn ascents are the 
Masonic virtues, its apex the seat of eternal truth. 


OFFICERS of the SOVEREIGN SANCTUARY, 33-95°. 


TABLETTERIE DE LUXE. 

CH ARNAULT, 

15, ZR/TTIE DUSSOITBS, 

Anew rue des Deux-Portes, St Sauveur, 

PARI S : 

IVORY, SHELL, PEARL," SILVER." AND FANCY GOODS. 

CIGAR & CIGARETTE CASES. MATCH BOXES. 

PORTE MONNAIE, PORTE-OR. 

CARD AND NOTE CASES. CARNETS DE BAL. 


M. HI. Gd. Master-Gen., John Yarker, 33-96°. 90°. P.M. of all 
Orders, Pt. Sen. G.W. of Greece ; P. Gd. Constable of the 
Temple, &c., &c. ; Hon. 33-96° in America, Egypt, Italy, 
and Roumania; Withington, Manchester. 

T. 111. Gd. Adm.-Gen., Samuel P. Leather, 33-95°. 90°. P.M., 
P.M.Mk., P.Z., P.E.C., &c. ; Pt. Prov. G. Chancellor of 
the Temple ; Burnley, Lancashire. 

T. 111. Gd. Keeper of Golden Bk., Jabez N. Hillman, 33-95°. 90°. 

P.M., P.Z., &c . ; Bedhampton, Havant. 

R. 111. Gd. Expert-Gen.. Maurice L. Davies, Ph.D., D.D.S., 
33-95°. 90°. P.M., P.Z., P.E.C., P.M.W.,&c., Hon. 33° Rou- 
mania ; 10, Lower Sackville Street, Dublin, Ireland. 

R. 111. G.M. of Cer., Henry Meyer, 33-95°. 90°. P.M.W. ; 

Powerscourt Road, Clapton, London. 

R. 111. Gd. Insp.-Gen., Thomas Lawrence Shaw, 33-95°. 90°. 

Ac., Ac. ; Regent Quay, Aberdeen, N.B. 

R. 111. Gd Examiner-Gen., Thomas Mackell Campbell, 33-95°. 

90°. P.M., P.Z., Ac. ; 10, Carrick Street, Glasgow. 

R. 111. Gd. Chanc.-Gen.. Joseph Hawkins, 33-95°. 90°. G.M.L. 

Lancashire, Roby, Sunnyside, near Liverpool. 

R. 111. Gd. Treas.-Gen., Jno. Hy. Southwood, 38-95°. 90°. 

P.M., P.Z., Ac. ; 98, Houndsditch, London, E.C. 

R. 111. Gd. Sec.-Gen., James Hill, 33-95° 90°. P.M.W., Ac., 
Hon. 33° Roumania ; 91, Clarence Rd., Clapton, Lon., E.C. 
R. IU. Gd. Keeper of Sane., Ab. D. Loewenstark, 33-95°. P.M., 
P.M.Mk., P.Z., P.G.S. ; Strand, London, W.C. 

Brfunrtus. 

M. 111. Bro. General Guiseppe Garibaldi, 33-97°, Premier 
Mason of Italy ; Caprera. 

Honorary . — 

M. 111. Bro. Harry J. Seymour, 33-96°, P.G.M. of America, N.Y. 
M. 111. Bro. Alexander B. Mott, M.D., 33-96°. 90°. G.M. of 
America ; 6*2, Madison Avenue, New York. 

M. 111. Bro. F. F. Oddi, Professor, 33-96°. 90°. G.M. Sov. Sane. ; 
Cairo, Egypt. 


PRAYER-BOOKS IN ALL LANGUAGES. 
PAPER KNIVES. 


NECESSAIRES FOR LADIES IN FORM OF FISHES, 
EGGS AND NUTS. 

BONBONNIERES. FANCY TUMBLERS & GOBLETS. 
FINE POTS FOR TOBACCO, CIGARS & CIGARETTES. 
OBJECTS OF ART. 

HAMMERED GOODS 

VASES, EPERGNES, &c., EMBOSSED IN RELIEF IN 
VARIETIES OF GOLD. 

Orders taken for Goods required. 

Masonic Appointments, Clothing, &c. 


EDWARD STILLWELL & SON, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

Masonic Fittings, Clothing, Jewels, Swords, do., and 
every requirement for all degrees. 


1 Price Lists on application. All orders promptly executed,. 

ESTABLISHMENTS AT 
25 & 26, Barbican, E.C. 

6, Little Britain, E.C. 

29, Savile Row, W. 

109, Argyle Street, 

14, St. Andrew’s Street, 

4, Bank Buildings, 


LONDON. 

GLASGOW. 

DUBLIN. 

PLYMOUTH. 


Representatives : — 

To America. — R. 111. Bro. 

From America. ,, 

To Tunis, Africa. ., 


From Tunis. 

To Italy. 

From Italy. 

To Egypt. 

From Egypt. 

To Roumania. 
From Roumania 


Wm. Youngblood, 33-95°, G.-Ex., 
424, Broadway, New York. 

J. H. South wood, 33-95°, G. Tr., 
98, Houndsditch, London. 

Nicolo S. Cassanello, M.D., 33°, 
G. M., Tunis. 

John Yarker, 33-96°, Gd. Master, 
Withington. - 

Chev. Com. Giam. Pessina, 33-96°, 
G.M., via Zuroli, 43, Naples. * 

John Yarker, 33-96°, Gd. Master, 
Withington. 

Professor F. F. Oddi, 33-96°, G.M., 
Cairo. 

James Hill, 33-95°, Gd. Sec.-Gen., 
London. 

Captain Constantine Moroiu, 33°, 
^G.M.; StradaMorfu,27,Bpd^ekt!r^ 


CONSTITUTION, 

General Statutes and Ordinances, 
of the Sovereign Sanctuary of the 

Antient anO Iprimittoe IRite of afjasonrp, 

in and for the United Kingdom of 
Great Britain and Ireland, 

And its Dependencies. 

With the Public Ceremonials, 
and a Sketch of the History of the Rite. 

Printed by authority of the Sovereign Sanctuary, in and for Great Britain 
and Ireland, and derived through the Charter of the Sovereign Sanctuary 
of America, from the Sovereign Sanctuary and Grand Lodge of France. 
1875. 

History , GS pp. 1/-. Constitution , Cloth, 60 pp. 2/6. Public Ceremonials, 
Cloth, 102 pp. 3/-. Or, complete in 1 vol., 230 pp. S/6, post free. 

m OPINIONS. 

The learned, universal, charitable, and unsectarian Antient and Primitive 
Rite, to the 33° of which every worthy Master Mason is eligible, is so 
} entirely in accord with Craft Masonry, that every Lodge ought to be 
Maurice L Davies M Tyvvu * ts Constitution , Histonj , and Ceremonials. Outride the 

i . 7*’ •’ ' Waster Mason it is emphatically the only system worthy of support, or to 


Gd. Expert, Dublin. J x Q Ap * R 


Library.— As the formation of a library for the Antie' 

Primitive Rite is in progress, donations of books will be thank- 
fully received. Brethren are requested to address their com- 
munications to Bro. John Yarker, Withington, Manchester 


\ 

, ylueh craft recognition can legitimately be given. 

^5/ Bro. JoilN HOGG, Paternoster Row, London, 

or of Bro. James HILL, the Grand S ecretary-General of the Rite. 

Printed for the Sov. Sono A. and P. Rite, by The Crown Printing 
Company, Limited, Crown Court, Milton Street, E.C., in the 
Parish of St. Luke’s, Middlesex, and Published by Bro. Jas. Hell, at 
6, Little Britain, London, E.C. —June, 1882. 


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